Research Progress of UDP-glycosyltransferase Related to Anthocyanin Modification in Plants

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-1065

Abstract

Abstract:

Glycosylation plays important roles in the structural diversity and stability of plant natural products. The free anthocyanins in plants are unstable and usually form stable anthocyanins under the catalysis of uridine diphosphate dependent glycosyltransferases（UGTs）. In recent years, more and more reports about anthocyanin glycosylation have been reported, and various enzymes involved in anthocyanin glycosylation have been found in different plants. This paper mainly reviews the research progress in the structural characteristics, metabolic pathways, biochemical processes, molecular identification, and transcriptional regulation of UGTs related to anthocyanin modification in plants, aiming to provide insights into investigating plant anthocyanin glycosylation modification and its regulatory process.

Key words: plant, anthocyanin, UDP-glycosyltransferase, modification

WANG Qing, NI Er-dong, WANG Qiu-shuang, QIN Dan-dan, FANG Kai-xing, LI Hong-jian, JIANG Xiao-hui, LI Bo, PAN Chen-dong, WU Hua-ling. Research Progress of UDP-glycosyltransferase Related to Anthocyanin Modification in Plants[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(7): 28-42.

Figures/Tables 7

References 75

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物种 Species	基因 Gene	GenBank登录号 GenBank accession No.	糖供体 Sugar donor	底物 Substrate	产物 Product	参考文献 Reference
矮牵牛	PGT8	-	UDP-葡萄糖	天竺葵素，矢车菊色素，飞燕草素	天竺葵素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，飞燕草素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[37]
矮牵牛	PH1	-	UDP-葡萄糖	飞燕草素 3-（p-酰基）-芸香糖苷	飞燕草素 3-（p-酰基）-芸香糖-5-O-葡萄糖苷	[37]
拟南芥	UGT78D2	AT5G17050	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素，天竺葵素，飞燕草色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[38]
拟南芥	UGT79B2	AT4G27560	UDP-鼠李糖	矢车菊色素，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-鼠李糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖-鼠李糖苷	[57]
拟南芥	UGT79B3	AT4G27570	UDP-鼠李糖	矢车菊色素，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-鼠李糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖-鼠李糖苷	[57]
拟南芥	UGT79B1	AT5G54060	UDP-木糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-木糖（1-2）-葡萄糖苷	[59]
猕猴桃	F3GT1	GU079683	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[50]
猕猴桃	F3GGT1	FG404013	UDP-木糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-木糖（1-2）-半乳糖苷	[50]
猕猴桃	AcUFGT3a	AYJ72756	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[53]
猕猴桃	AcUFGT6b	MH817045	UDP-木糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-木糖-半乳糖苷	[60]
桃	PpUGT78A1	-	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素-3-半乳糖苷	[44]
桃	PpUGT78B	-	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素-3-葡萄糖苷	[44]
桃	PpUGT78A2	-	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素-3-葡萄糖苷	[44]
荔枝	LcUFGT1	KR704274	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[45]
柿	DkFGT	BAI40148	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[49]
胎里红枣	ZjUGT79B1	-	UDP-鼠李糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-芸香糖苷	[61]
草莓	FaGT1	AAU09442	UDP-葡萄糖	天竺葵色素，矢车菊色素，芍药色素	天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[41]
芒果	rMiUFGalT3	LC474861	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素，飞燕草色素，天竺葵色素，芍药色素，矮牵牛色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，芍药色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，矮牵牛色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[55-56]
葡萄	VvGT1	-	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[35]
红卷心菜	UGT78D5	LC536577.1	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 5-O-葡萄糖苷	[48]
红卷心菜	UGT79B45	LC536579.1	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-槐糖苷	[48]
红卷心菜	UGT79B44	LC536578.1	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-槐糖苷	[48]
小苍兰	Fh3GT1	ADK75021.1	UDP-葡萄糖	芍药色素，矮牵牛色素，矢车菊色素，飞燕草色素，天竺葵色素，锦葵色素	芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矮牵牛色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[47]
小苍兰	Fh3GT3	-	UDP-葡萄糖	芍药色素，矮牵牛色素，矢车菊色素	芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矮牵牛色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[47]
牵牛花	3GGT	AB192315	UDP-鼠李糖	天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	天竺葵色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-芸香糖苷	[39]
半边莲	ABRT2	LC131336	UDP-鼠李糖	飞燕草色素 3-O-葡糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，	飞燕草色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-芸香糖苷	[58]
半边莲	ABRT4	LC131337	UDP-鼠李糖	飞燕草色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3 O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	飞燕草色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-芸香糖苷	[58]
紫芹菜	AgUCGalT1	-	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[54]
紫萝卜	DcUCGalT1	KP319022	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[52]
玫瑰	RhGT1	AB201048	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素，矢车菊色素 5-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 5-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷	[40]
白杨	PtUGT78L1	-	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[51]
黑豆	UGT78K1	Glyma07g30180	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[43]
龙胆草	Gt5GT7	AB363839	UDP-葡萄糖	飞燕草素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	飞燕草素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷	[42]
紫薯	Ib3GGT	KF056328	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷, 芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-槐糖苷，芍药色素 3-O-槐糖苷	[46]
荷兰鸢尾花	Ih3GT	AB161175	UDP-葡萄糖	飞燕草素，锦葵色素，芍药色素，矢车菊色素，天竺葵色素	飞燕草素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[31]
茶树	CsUGT78A15	-	UDP -半乳糖	矢车菊色素，飞燕草色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[62]

物种 Species	基因 Gene	GenBank登录号 GenBank accession No.	糖供体 Sugar donor	底物 Substrate	产物 Product	参考文献 Reference
矮牵牛	PGT8	-	UDP-葡萄糖	天竺葵素，矢车菊色素，飞燕草素	天竺葵素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，飞燕草素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[37]
矮牵牛	PH1	-	UDP-葡萄糖	飞燕草素 3-（p-酰基）-芸香糖苷	飞燕草素 3-（p-酰基）-芸香糖-5-O-葡萄糖苷	[37]
拟南芥	UGT78D2	AT5G17050	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素，天竺葵素，飞燕草色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[38]
拟南芥	UGT79B2	AT4G27560	UDP-鼠李糖	矢车菊色素，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-鼠李糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖-鼠李糖苷	[57]
拟南芥	UGT79B3	AT4G27570	UDP-鼠李糖	矢车菊色素，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-鼠李糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖-鼠李糖苷	[57]
拟南芥	UGT79B1	AT5G54060	UDP-木糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-木糖（1-2）-葡萄糖苷	[59]
猕猴桃	F3GT1	GU079683	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[50]
猕猴桃	F3GGT1	FG404013	UDP-木糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-木糖（1-2）-半乳糖苷	[50]
猕猴桃	AcUFGT3a	AYJ72756	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[53]
猕猴桃	AcUFGT6b	MH817045	UDP-木糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-木糖-半乳糖苷	[60]
桃	PpUGT78A1	-	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素-3-半乳糖苷	[44]
桃	PpUGT78B	-	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素-3-葡萄糖苷	[44]
桃	PpUGT78A2	-	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素-3-葡萄糖苷	[44]
荔枝	LcUFGT1	KR704274	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[45]
柿	DkFGT	BAI40148	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[49]
胎里红枣	ZjUGT79B1	-	UDP-鼠李糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-芸香糖苷	[61]
草莓	FaGT1	AAU09442	UDP-葡萄糖	天竺葵色素，矢车菊色素，芍药色素	天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[41]
芒果	rMiUFGalT3	LC474861	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素，飞燕草色素，天竺葵色素，芍药色素，矮牵牛色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，芍药色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，矮牵牛色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[55-56]
葡萄	VvGT1	-	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[35]
红卷心菜	UGT78D5	LC536577.1	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 5-O-葡萄糖苷	[48]
红卷心菜	UGT79B45	LC536579.1	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-槐糖苷	[48]
红卷心菜	UGT79B44	LC536578.1	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-槐糖苷	[48]
小苍兰	Fh3GT1	ADK75021.1	UDP-葡萄糖	芍药色素，矮牵牛色素，矢车菊色素，飞燕草色素，天竺葵色素，锦葵色素	芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矮牵牛色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[47]
小苍兰	Fh3GT3	-	UDP-葡萄糖	芍药色素，矮牵牛色素，矢车菊色素	芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矮牵牛色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[47]
牵牛花	3GGT	AB192315	UDP-鼠李糖	天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	天竺葵色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-芸香糖苷	[39]
半边莲	ABRT2	LC131336	UDP-鼠李糖	飞燕草色素 3-O-葡糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，	飞燕草色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-芸香糖苷	[58]
半边莲	ABRT4	LC131337	UDP-鼠李糖	飞燕草色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3 O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	飞燕草色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-芸香糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-芸香糖苷	[58]
紫芹菜	AgUCGalT1	-	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[54]
紫萝卜	DcUCGalT1	KP319022	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[52]
玫瑰	RhGT1	AB201048	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素，矢车菊色素 5-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 5-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷	[40]
白杨	PtUGT78L1	-	UDP-半乳糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[51]
黑豆	UGT78K1	Glyma07g30180	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[43]
龙胆草	Gt5GT7	AB363839	UDP-葡萄糖	飞燕草素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	飞燕草素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3,5-O-葡萄糖苷	[42]
紫薯	Ib3GGT	KF056328	UDP-葡萄糖	矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷, 芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	矢车菊色素 3-O-槐糖苷，芍药色素 3-O-槐糖苷	[46]
荷兰鸢尾花	Ih3GT	AB161175	UDP-葡萄糖	飞燕草素，锦葵色素，芍药色素，矢车菊色素，天竺葵色素	飞燕草素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，锦葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，芍药色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，矢车菊色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷，天竺葵色素 3-O-葡萄糖苷	[31]
茶树	CsUGT78A15	-	UDP -半乳糖	矢车菊色素，飞燕草色素	矢车菊色素 3-O-半乳糖苷，飞燕草色素 3-O-半乳糖苷	[62]

物种 Species	基因 Gene	GenBank登录号 GenBank accession No.	转化物种 Conversion of species	转化方法 Transformation methods	表型 Phenotype	结论 Conclusion	参考文献 Reference
红肉猕猴桃	F3GT1	GU079683	红肉猕猴桃	RNAi	RNAi后的红肉猕猴桃果实中很少或没有可见的花青素积累	F3GT1可能是参与红肉猕猴桃品种中花青素积累的关键基因	[50]
红肉猕猴桃	F3GGT1	FG404013	猕猴桃	RNAi	RNAi后的红肉猕猴桃果实中花青素的积累水平降低	F3GGT1可能负责花青素修饰途径的最终产物	[50]
红肉猕猴桃	AcUFGT3a	AYJ72756	红肉猕猴桃和青苹果果实/红肉猕猴桃	过表达（瞬转）/基因沉默	过表达AcUFGT3a的红肉猕猴桃和青苹果果肉颜色更红/基因沉默的红肉猕猴桃果实中花青素含量，AcUFGT3a的表达量均降低	AAcUFGT3a可能参与红肉猕猴桃中花青素的积累	[53]
拟南芥	UGT75C1	At4g14090	拟南芥	突变	UGT75C1突变体植株完全缺乏花青素 5-O-葡萄糖苷	UGT75C1可能是花青素 5-O-葡萄糖基转移酶	[38]
拟南芥	UGT79B2	-	拟南芥	过表达和RNAi，并给与持续光照	与野生型植株相比，过表达UGT79B2基因拟南芥植株下胚轴紫色较深，RNAi后拟南芥植株下胚轴紫色较浅	UGT79B2可能通过积累花青素赋予植物非生物胁迫耐受性	[57]
拟南芥	UGT79B3	-	拟南芥	过表达和RNAi，并给与持续光照	与野生型植株相比，过表达拟南芥植株下胚轴紫色较深，RNAi后拟南芥植株下胚轴紫色较浅	UGT79B3可能通过积累花青素赋予植物非生物胁迫耐受性	[57]
荔枝	LcUFGT1	KR704274	烟草	过表达	过表达LcUFGT1转基因烟草的花瓣颜色深红，花丝呈粉红色	LcUFGT1可能与荔枝果皮中的花青素积累有关	[45]
茶树	CsUGT78A15	-	青苹果	过表达（瞬转）	过表达CsUGT78A15的青苹果果肉颜色变红	CsUGT78A15的上调促进了苹果果皮中花青素 3-O-半乳糖苷的积累	[62]
蝴蝶兰	PeUFGT3	EU427548	蝴蝶兰	RNAi	RNAi后蝴蝶兰植株表现出不同程度的花褪色	PeUFGT3可能在蝴蝶兰花瓣颜色形成中起着关键作用	[69]
玫瑰	RrGT116	MK034140	拟南芥/玫瑰	过表达/基因沉默	过表达RrGT116拟南芥植株颜色变深/RrGT116基因沉默后的玫瑰花瓣颜色变浅	RrGT1可能在玫瑰花青素合成中起着至关重要的作用	[70]
苦荞麦	FtUFGT8	-	拟南芥	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达FtUFGT8的转基因拟南芥中总花色苷的积累增加	FtUFGT8可能是苦荞芽中花青素形成的候选基因	[64]
苦荞麦	FtUFGT15	-	拟南芥	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达FtUFGT15的转基因拟南芥中总花色苷的积累增加	FtUFGT15可能是苦荞芽中花青素形成的候选基因	[64]
苦荞麦	FtUFGT41	-	拟南芥	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达 FtUFGT41 的转基因拟南芥中总花色苷的积累增加	FtUFGT41可能是苦荞芽中花青素形成的候选基因	[64]
牵牛花	Ip3GGT	AB192315	牵牛花	过表达	对照组牵牛花花瓣呈红色，转基因牵牛花花瓣呈现淡红色，转基因植株中矢车菊色素 3-O-槐糖苷积累量显著升高高	3GGT可将花青素 3-O-葡萄糖苷转化为花青素 3-O-槐糖苷	[39]
半边莲	ABRT2	LC131336	半边莲	过表达	对照组半边莲花瓣呈淡紫色，过表达ABRT2的转基因半边莲花瓣呈蓝色	ABRT2可能是半边莲花呈现蓝色的关键基因	[58]
半边莲	ABRT4	LC131337	半边莲	过表达	对照植株花瓣呈淡紫色，过表达ABRT4的转基因半边莲植株花瓣呈蓝色	ABRT4可能是半边莲花瓣呈现蓝色的关键基因	[58]
小苍兰	Fh3GT1	-	矮牵牛	RNAi	与野生型相比，RNAi矮牵牛植株花的颜色从深红色变为粉红色	Fh3GT1可能与小苍兰中花青苷的积累有关	[63]
小苍兰	Fh5GT1	-	烟草	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达Fh5GT1的转基因烟草，花瓣颜色更红	Fh5GT1可能与小苍兰中花青苷的积累有关	[65]
小苍兰	Fh5GT2	-	烟草	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达Fh5GT2的转基因烟草，花瓣颜色更红	Fh5GT2可能与小苍兰中花青苷的积累有关	[65]
牡丹	PhUGT78A22	OM310997	牡丹	基因沉默	与对照组相比，PhUGT78A22基因的沉默改变了牡丹花蕾的颜色	PhUGT78A22可能与牡丹花瓣的斑点颜色形成有关	[71]

物种 Species	基因 Gene	GenBank登录号 GenBank accession No.	转化物种 Conversion of species	转化方法 Transformation methods	表型 Phenotype	结论 Conclusion	参考文献 Reference
红肉猕猴桃	F3GT1	GU079683	红肉猕猴桃	RNAi	RNAi后的红肉猕猴桃果实中很少或没有可见的花青素积累	F3GT1可能是参与红肉猕猴桃品种中花青素积累的关键基因	[50]
红肉猕猴桃	F3GGT1	FG404013	猕猴桃	RNAi	RNAi后的红肉猕猴桃果实中花青素的积累水平降低	F3GGT1可能负责花青素修饰途径的最终产物	[50]
红肉猕猴桃	AcUFGT3a	AYJ72756	红肉猕猴桃和青苹果果实/红肉猕猴桃	过表达（瞬转）/基因沉默	过表达AcUFGT3a的红肉猕猴桃和青苹果果肉颜色更红/基因沉默的红肉猕猴桃果实中花青素含量，AcUFGT3a的表达量均降低	AAcUFGT3a可能参与红肉猕猴桃中花青素的积累	[53]
拟南芥	UGT75C1	At4g14090	拟南芥	突变	UGT75C1突变体植株完全缺乏花青素 5-O-葡萄糖苷	UGT75C1可能是花青素 5-O-葡萄糖基转移酶	[38]
拟南芥	UGT79B2	-	拟南芥	过表达和RNAi，并给与持续光照	与野生型植株相比，过表达UGT79B2基因拟南芥植株下胚轴紫色较深，RNAi后拟南芥植株下胚轴紫色较浅	UGT79B2可能通过积累花青素赋予植物非生物胁迫耐受性	[57]
拟南芥	UGT79B3	-	拟南芥	过表达和RNAi，并给与持续光照	与野生型植株相比，过表达拟南芥植株下胚轴紫色较深，RNAi后拟南芥植株下胚轴紫色较浅	UGT79B3可能通过积累花青素赋予植物非生物胁迫耐受性	[57]
荔枝	LcUFGT1	KR704274	烟草	过表达	过表达LcUFGT1转基因烟草的花瓣颜色深红，花丝呈粉红色	LcUFGT1可能与荔枝果皮中的花青素积累有关	[45]
茶树	CsUGT78A15	-	青苹果	过表达（瞬转）	过表达CsUGT78A15的青苹果果肉颜色变红	CsUGT78A15的上调促进了苹果果皮中花青素 3-O-半乳糖苷的积累	[62]
蝴蝶兰	PeUFGT3	EU427548	蝴蝶兰	RNAi	RNAi后蝴蝶兰植株表现出不同程度的花褪色	PeUFGT3可能在蝴蝶兰花瓣颜色形成中起着关键作用	[69]
玫瑰	RrGT116	MK034140	拟南芥/玫瑰	过表达/基因沉默	过表达RrGT116拟南芥植株颜色变深/RrGT116基因沉默后的玫瑰花瓣颜色变浅	RrGT1可能在玫瑰花青素合成中起着至关重要的作用	[70]
苦荞麦	FtUFGT8	-	拟南芥	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达FtUFGT8的转基因拟南芥中总花色苷的积累增加	FtUFGT8可能是苦荞芽中花青素形成的候选基因	[64]
苦荞麦	FtUFGT15	-	拟南芥	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达FtUFGT15的转基因拟南芥中总花色苷的积累增加	FtUFGT15可能是苦荞芽中花青素形成的候选基因	[64]
苦荞麦	FtUFGT41	-	拟南芥	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达 FtUFGT41 的转基因拟南芥中总花色苷的积累增加	FtUFGT41可能是苦荞芽中花青素形成的候选基因	[64]
牵牛花	Ip3GGT	AB192315	牵牛花	过表达	对照组牵牛花花瓣呈红色，转基因牵牛花花瓣呈现淡红色，转基因植株中矢车菊色素 3-O-槐糖苷积累量显著升高高	3GGT可将花青素 3-O-葡萄糖苷转化为花青素 3-O-槐糖苷	[39]
半边莲	ABRT2	LC131336	半边莲	过表达	对照组半边莲花瓣呈淡紫色，过表达ABRT2的转基因半边莲花瓣呈蓝色	ABRT2可能是半边莲花呈现蓝色的关键基因	[58]
半边莲	ABRT4	LC131337	半边莲	过表达	对照植株花瓣呈淡紫色，过表达ABRT4的转基因半边莲植株花瓣呈蓝色	ABRT4可能是半边莲花瓣呈现蓝色的关键基因	[58]
小苍兰	Fh3GT1	-	矮牵牛	RNAi	与野生型相比，RNAi矮牵牛植株花的颜色从深红色变为粉红色	Fh3GT1可能与小苍兰中花青苷的积累有关	[63]
小苍兰	Fh5GT1	-	烟草	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达Fh5GT1的转基因烟草，花瓣颜色更红	Fh5GT1可能与小苍兰中花青苷的积累有关	[65]
小苍兰	Fh5GT2	-	烟草	过表达	与野生型植株相比，过表达Fh5GT2的转基因烟草，花瓣颜色更红	Fh5GT2可能与小苍兰中花青苷的积累有关	[65]
牡丹	PhUGT78A22	OM310997	牡丹	基因沉默	与对照组相比，PhUGT78A22基因的沉默改变了牡丹花蕾的颜色	PhUGT78A22可能与牡丹花瓣的斑点颜色形成有关	[71]