Exploring on the Pathogenesis of Root Rot of Lycium barbarum cv. ‘Ningqi-5' Based on the Rhizoplane Fungal Community and Pathogens Identification

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0187

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This paper is to compare the composition of rhizoplane fungal communities in susceptible strain ‘Ningqi-5’ between the healthy and diseased plants in the two planting areas（QXBZ and QTBZ）, as well as the isolated rot root fungi. It is also to clarify the pathogens causing root rot disease in ‘Ningqi-5’, and to explore the reasons for the root rot disease in ‘Ningqi-5’.【Method】High-throughput technology was applied to investigate the compositional characteristics of the rhizoplane fungal community. Tissue isolation method was to isolate the rot-root fungi the decayed roots of Lycium barbarum. They were taxonomically identified based on the morphological characteristics and the sequences of ITS and EF-1α gene fragments. The pathogenicity bythe rotten-root fungi was verified based on Koch's law.【Result】 The root rhizoplane fungal community composition differed significantly between the healthy and diseased plants of ‘Ningqi-5’ in both planting areas, showing the increase in relative abundance of Fusarium and decrease in relative abundance of Mortierella in the diseased plants, accompanying with the increase of unknown taxa like Fusicolla and Pseudogymnoascus. While the fungal community structure on the rhizoplane of the healthy plants in both planting areas tended to be consistent. The 36 strains isolated from the rotten rot of QXBZ were classified as Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Earliella scabrosa, Rhizoctonia solani, and Penicillium pimiteouiense. The 29 strains isolated from the rotten rot of QTBZ were classified as F. oxysporum, F. solani, E. scabrosa, Clonostachys rosea, P. pimiteouiense, F. andiyazi and Acremonium persicinum. Isolation frequency of F. solani was the highest in both planting areas, followed by F. oxysporum. Based on the artificial infection test, F. solani, F. oxysporum, R. solani, and F. andiyazi were identified as the pathogens of ‘Ningqi-5’ root rot disease, among which F. andiyazi was a newly discovered pathogen of L. barbarum root rot.【Conclusion】In this study, it is clarified that the occurrence of ‘Ningqi-5’ root rot disease is mainly closely related to the changes in the structure of the root rhizoplane fungal community and pathogens. F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. andiyazi, and R. Solani are the pathogens of ‘Ningqi-5’ root rot disease.

Key words: Lycium barbarum, rhizoplane fungal community, root rot disease, pathogen, isolation and identification

ZHANG Ya-ya, LI Pan-pan, GAO Hui-hui, JIA Chen-bo, XU Chun-yan. Exploring on the Pathogenesis of Root Rot of Lycium barbarum cv. ‘Ningqi-5' Based on the Rhizoplane Fungal Community and Pathogens Identification[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(9): 238-248.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1 Fungal community structure on the rhizoplane of the healthy and diseased plants of ‘Ningqi-5’ A: Phyla level. B: Genus level. C：PCoA on genus level. QXJK and QXBZ denote the healthy and the diseased plants of Qixin plantation, respectively. QTJK and QTBZ denote the healthy and the diseased plants of Qitai plantation, respectively

Fig. 2 Morphologies of colony, hyphae and spore of representative strains

Fig. 3 Phylogenetic trees of 65 strains of fungi isolated from the rotten root of QXBZ and QTBZ A: Based on ITS sequences of fungi isolated from the rotten root of QXBZ. B: Based on EF-1α sequences of Fusarium isolated from the rotten root of QXBZ. C: Based on ITS sequences of fungi isolated from the rotten root of QTBZ. D: Based on EF-1α sequences of Fusarium isolated from the rotten root of QTBZ

Table 1 Number and isolation frequency of fungi isolated from the rotten root of diseased plants（QXBZ and QTBZ）

样品 Sample	分类 Classification	腐皮镰刀菌 F. solani	尖孢镰刀菌 F. oxysporum	粉红黏帚菌 C. rosea	立枯丝核菌 R. solani	红贝俄式孔菌 E. scabrosa	桃色顶孢霉 A. persicinum	青霉菌 P. pimiteouiense	新知镰刀菌 F. andiyazi	总计 Total
QXBZ	数量 Number/Strains	17	11	—	1	6	—	1	—	36
	分离频率 Frequency/%	47.2	30.6	—	2.8	16.7	—	2.8	—	100
QTBZ	数量 Number/Strains	15	7	1	—	3	1	1	1	29
	分离频率 Frequency/%	51.7	24.1	3.4	—	10.3	3.4	3.4	3.4	100

Fig. 4 Phenotypes of L. barbarum before and after inoculation with different strains

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