Starch Characterization and Related Gene Expression Analysis of Potato Germplasm Resources

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-1026

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To clarify the starch characteristics and differential gene expressions of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) germplasm resources provides superior genetic resources for variety improvement and breeding, laying a research foundation for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of starch synthesis. Method Using 100 potato germplasm resources as materials, a comprehensive evaluation of starch content, amylose content, amylopectin content, amylopectin/amylose ratio, reducing sugars content and yield per plant was conducted through correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. Result Correlation analysis indicated that amylose content was extremely negatively correlated with the amylopectin/amylose ratio and amylopectin content, while reducing sugars, starch content and yield per plant were significantly positively correlated. Principal component analysis identified three principal components: amylopectin content (ratio of amylopectin/amylose), reducing sugar content and starch content, with a cumulative contribution rate of 87.84%. Cluster analysis divided potato germplasm resources into three categories: Cluster I consisted of 32 samples, mainly characterized by late maturity and high starch content. Cluster II consisted of 40 samples, mainly characterized by early maturity and medium starch content. Cluster III consisted of 28 samples, mainly characterized by early maturity and low starch content. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying starch content differences among potato varieties, the expressions of eight structural genes involved in the starch synthesis pathway (Susy4, AGPase, PTST1, etc.) were analyzed in high-starch varieties (Qingshu 2, Atlantic, 393034.7 and Shenyanwo) and low-starch varieties (FBA-1, Beishu 1, 2017ch-1 and 720018). The results showed that Susy4 and PTST1 expressions play a key role in determining starch content. Conclusion This study characterized the starch traits of 100 potato germplasm accessions and classified them into three groups, four high-starch potato varieties were selected (Qingshu 2, Atlantic, 393034.7 and Shenyanwo), confirming that the Susy4 and PTST1 genes are key regulators of starch content. These findings provide theoretical and material support for potato variety breeding and elucidating starch synthesis mechanisms.

Key words: potato, germplasm resources, starch characterization, gene expression analysis, yield

CHEN Jing-huan, FANG Guo-nan, ZHU Wen-hao, YE Guang-ji, SU Wang, HE Miao-miao, YANG Sheng-long, ZHOU Yun. Starch Characterization and Related Gene Expression Analysis of Potato Germplasm Resources[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(1): 170-183.

Figures/Tables 9

References 33

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主要性状 Principal traits	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	极差 Range	平均值 Mean	标准差 Deviation	变异系数 CV
淀粉含量 Starch content （%）	18.77	8.29	10.48	13.70	2.36	17.20
直链淀粉含量 Amylose content （%）	24.90	21.31	3.59	22.71	0.65	2.87
支链淀粉含量 Amylopectin content （%）	78.69	75.10	3.59	77.29	0.65	0.84
支/直比 Ratio of amylopectin/amylose	3.69	3.02	0.68	3.41	0.13	3.69%
还原糖 Reducing sugar （%）	1.15	0.02	1.13	0.60	0.24	40.25
单株产量 Yield per plant （kg）	1.73	0.05	1.68	0.68	0.35	50.97%

主要性状 Principal traits	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	极差 Range	平均值 Mean	标准差 Deviation	变异系数 CV
淀粉含量 Starch content （%）	18.77	8.29	10.48	13.70	2.36	17.20
直链淀粉含量 Amylose content （%）	24.90	21.31	3.59	22.71	0.65	2.87
支链淀粉含量 Amylopectin content （%）	78.69	75.10	3.59	77.29	0.65	0.84
支/直比 Ratio of amylopectin/amylose	3.69	3.02	0.68	3.41	0.13	3.69%
还原糖 Reducing sugar （%）	1.15	0.02	1.13	0.60	0.24	40.25
单株产量 Yield per plant （kg）	1.73	0.05	1.68	0.68	0.35	50.97%

性状 Traits	主成分1 Principal component 1	主成分2 Principal component 2	主成分3 Principal component 3
淀粉含量 Starch content	-0.04	0.87	-0.07
直链淀粉含量 Amylose content	-0.99	0.02	0.07
支链淀粉含量 Amylopectin content	0.99	-0.02	-0.07
支/直比 Ratio of amylopectin/amylose	0.99	-0.02	-0.07
还原糖 Reducing sugar	-0.11	0.12	0.95
单株产量 Yield per plant	0.01	0.69	0.31
特征值 Eigenvalue	3.06	1.39	0.82
方差贡献率 Contribution rate （%）	51.01	23.14	13.69
累计方差贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate （%）	51.01	74.15	87.84

性状 Traits	主成分1 Principal component 1	主成分2 Principal component 2	主成分3 Principal component 3
淀粉含量 Starch content	-0.04	0.87	-0.07
直链淀粉含量 Amylose content	-0.99	0.02	0.07
支链淀粉含量 Amylopectin content	0.99	-0.02	-0.07
支/直比 Ratio of amylopectin/amylose	0.99	-0.02	-0.07
还原糖 Reducing sugar	-0.11	0.12	0.95
单株产量 Yield per plant	0.01	0.69	0.31
特征值 Eigenvalue	3.06	1.39	0.82
方差贡献率 Contribution rate （%）	51.01	23.14	13.69
累计方差贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate （%）	51.01	74.15	87.84

排序 Rank	综合值得分 Comprehensive score	品种名称 Variety	排序 Rank	综合值得分 Comprehensive score	品种名称 Variety
1	0.83	庄薯4号	51	0.55	晋薯4号
2	0.81	UK3	52	0.55	中227
3	0.79	CANCHAN-INIA	53	0.55	Andina
4	0.79	139	54	0.54	388972.22
5	0.79	昆塔	55	0.54	06-26-11
6	0.78	Peru08-1	56	0.53	KY73
7	0.78	Belmont	57	0.53	大西洋
8	0.75	VC75.3	58	0.53	PHU1.22
9	0.73	Peru08-3	59	0.53	NX9
10	0.73	Israel1	60	0.52	KW-45
11	0.73	中薯5号	61	0.52	I46
12	0.72	393140-3	62	0.52	LB
13	0.72	382171.1	63	0.52	B18
14	0.70	E23	64	0.51	F8701
15	0.69	C-50	65	0.51	中心02
16	0.68	MEX-750.821	66	0.50	Shepody
17	0.67	393034.7	67	0.50	J10828
18	0.66	青薯2号	68	0.50	早大白
19	0.66	呼自278	69	0.50	中心19
20	0.66	呼5号	70	0.49	中甸红
21	0.66	下寨65	71	0.49	Calwhite
22	0.66	福克212	72	0.48	KB
23	0.65	R8	73	0.48	Fundy
24	0.64	中心06	74	0.47	720018
25	0.63	DR-10	75	0.47	S25
26	0.63	CIP10-2	76	0.46	GUS1
27	0.63	RUSSIA2	77	0.46	加拿大红
28	0.63	兰旦	78	0.44	Tylua
29	0.63	Vester	79	0.44	高原4号
30	0.63	深眼窝	80	0.44	NEGRA QJOSA
31	0.62	CHALLINA	81	0.43	NE303
32	0.62	Peru08-2	82	0.43	陇薯8号
33	0.61	乌盟684	83	0.43	北薯１号
34	0.61	KY28	84	0.41	闽薯1号
35	0.60	385499.1	85	0.41	Colmo
36	0.60	中联红	86	0.40	民薯2号
37	0.60	冀张薯12	87	0.40	J10622
38	0.59	加拿大7637	88	0.39	Jk5
39	0.59	2017ch-2	89	0.39	395015.6
40	0.59	AC0338	90	0.38	388611.22
41	0.58	男爵薯	91	0.36	2017ch-1
42	0.58	F70021-1	92	0.36	NX162
43	0.58	甘谷红	93	0.36	DANVA
44	0.58	石延97-7	94	0.36	FBA-1
45	0.57	2017ch-5	95	0.35	加大白
46	0.57	杂单4号	96	0.34	cy-Ⅲ-29
47	0.56	青薯9号	97	0.30	抗疫白
48	0.56	Wilia	98	0.29	肯德
49	0.55	BC37	99	0.28	费乌瑞它
50	0.55	H2	100	0.23	克11