植物miR390的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-1093

摘要/Abstract

摘要： MicroRNAs（miRNAs）是真核生物中一类非编码内源小分子RNA，它通过对靶mRNA的剪切或抑制靶mRNA的翻译来调控基因的表达，从而对靶基因实施转录后水平调控，在植物器官形成、生长发育、信号转导及非生物胁迫应答等过程起重要作用。MicroRNA390（miR390）家族是一个古老的高度保守的家族，其主要的靶基因AGO7是RNA沉默复合体的重要组成成分，广泛参与对靶miRNA的剪切，可能在植物的生长发育、侧生器官极性形成、花器官形成及胁迫等方面有重要作用，但是目前对miR390的研究主要集中在植物生长发育方面，在非生物逆境胁迫应答方面鲜有报道。综述了miR390的发现及其在植物中的类型、miR390家族的形成过程及miR390参与植物的生长发育过程和响应重金属、干旱、盐、低温等非生物胁迫的作用，同时对miRNAs功能研究手段作了展望，有利于进一步综合了解miR390的研究概况及对miR390参与非生物胁迫的研究。

关键词: MicroRNA390, 靶基因, 生长发育, 非生物胁迫

Abstract: MicroRNAs（miRNAs），a group of highly conserved non-coding RNAs in eukaryotes，regulate target gene expression via multiple approaches of slicing target mRNA and inhibiting translation of target mRNA，i.e.，regulations of target genes are achieved at post-transcriptional level. Therefore，they play important roles in plant organ morphogenesis，growth and development，signal transduction and abiotic stress response. One of the vital miRNA family is miR390，which is an ancient and highly conserved miRNA family；its target gene，AGO7，is the basic component of RNA-induced silencing complex（RISC）that extensively is involved in cutting target mRNAs，and plays important role in plant growth，lateral organ polarity morphogenesis，floral organ morphogenesis，and stress response. The previous studies on miR390 mostly were focused on plant growth and development，while the function to abiotic stress has been little reported. This review summarizes the discovery and the types of miR390，the formation process of miR390 family，the role of miR390 family in plant growth and development，and the plant responses to abiotic stresses，such as heavy metals，drought，salt，low temperature stresses，etc.. Meanwhile，the article prospects the approaches for studying miRNAs，which is useful for comprehensively understanding the research progress of miR390 and its function in abiotic stresses in plants.

Key words: MicroRNA390, target, growth and development, abiotic stress

谢洁 ,王明 ,李青 ,潘妃 ,熊兴耀 ,秦玉芝. 植物miR390的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(6): 1-10.

XIE Jie ,WANG Ming ,LI Qing ,PAN Fei ,XIONG Xing-yao ,QIN Yu-zhi. Research Progress on Plant miR390[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(6): 1-10.

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