广谱性多环芳烃降解真菌Aspergillus flavus AD-X-1的筛选及其性能研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0125

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 筛选了一株具有广谱性多环芳烃的降解菌株,并研究了其降解特性,为复合污染治理提供了菌种保障和技术支持。以多环芳烃为唯一碳源和能源,筛选出1株多环芳烃高效降解菌,经鉴定为黄曲霉,命名为Aspergillus flavus AD-X-1。实验表明,该菌株AD-X-1对多环芳烃的去除以降解为主,菌丝体吸附也起到一定作用。以蒽为底物优化条件,蒽浓度为50 mg/L时,在温度35℃,转速170 r/min,pH值7时,72 h菌株AD-X-1对蒽的去除率可达到88%。研究发现该菌株有较好的耐受性,当盐度为9%时,菌株对蒽的去除率仍保持在50%,并且AD-X-1可耐受较高浓度的重金属离子（Cu²⁺、Cr³⁺和Pb²⁺）。除蒽、菲外,AD-X-1还可去除高环的芘、苯并蒽和二苯并蒽,去除率分别为71%、68%和63%。因此,菌株AD-X-1具有广谱的多环芳烃降解能力,同时具有很好的耐盐、耐重金属特性。

关键词: 复合污染, 生物降解, 重金属, 耐盐

Abstract: This study is aimed to screen a broad spectrum strain degrading polycyclic-aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）and investigate its degradation characteristics for providing strain supply and technical support in the management of combined pollution. An efficient PAHs-degradation fungus was screened with PAHs as the sole carbon and energy source and identified and designated as Aspergillus flavus AD-X-1. The experiment convinced that the degradation was predominant in the removal of PAHs by AD-X-1,while mycelium adsorption also played a part role. The degradation condition was optimized using anthracene as the substrate,and the removal rate of anthracene reached 88% in 72 h by AD-X-1 under the condition of 50 mg/L anthracene,temperature 35℃,rotator speed 170 r/min and pH 7. Further AD-X-1 was found to have promising salt-tolerance,and the removal rate of anthracene still remained at 50% when the salinity increased to 9%. Moreover,AD-X-1tolerated higher concentration of heavy metal ions（Cr³⁺,Cu²⁺,and Pb²⁺）. In addition to anthracene and phenanthrene,the removal rate of tetracyclic pyrene,benzo[a]anthracene,and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene by AD-X-1 were 71%,68%,and 63% respectively. Conclusively,AD-X-1 has broad spectrum ability of removing PAHs,and concurrently it has the excellent resistances to salt and heavy metals.

Key words: combined pollution, biodegradation, heavy metals, salt tolerance

田晶, 徐小琳, 康彦顺, 汤伟华, 刘思琪. 广谱性多环芳烃降解真菌Aspergillus flavus AD-X-1的筛选及其性能研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(8): 115-122.

TIAN Jing, XU Xiao-lin, KANG Yan-shun, TANG Wei-hua, LIU Si-qi. Screening and Characteristics of a Broad Spectrum Fungus Degrading Polycyclic-aromatic Hydrocarbons：Aspergillus flavus AD-X-1[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(8): 115-122.

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