miRNA在植物响应高温胁迫中的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0857

摘要/Abstract

摘要： microRNA（miRNA）是一类由20-24个核苷酸组成的小的非编码RNA,通常通过序列互补降解或抑制其靶标基因转录后的翻译过程,从而在转录后水平上调控基因的表达。miRNA在植物基因组中普遍存在,作为一类重要的调节因子参与到植物的生长发育与逆境响应中。目前,已有研究表明高温除了诱导植物编码基因表达发生改变之外,一些非编码RNA的表达也发生了显著改变,其中miRNA作为重要的非编码RNA,参与了植物的高温胁迫响应。对植物miRNA的合成途径,作用机制以及主要功能进行了扼要阐述,重点阐述了高温胁迫下植物miRNA的作用机制,旨在为miRNA在植物抵抗高温胁迫中的研究与应用提供新的思路。

关键词: 植物, 高温胁迫, miRNA, 靶基因, 调控机制

Abstract: microRNA（miRNA）is a non-coding RNA comprised of 20-24 nucleotide. It can degrade or inhibit translation of the target gene after transcription through sequence complementation,and regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs serve as important regulatory factors involved in plant growth,development and stress response,and it is widely distributed in plant genomes. At present,a number of studies have shown that high temperature not only induces changes in the expression of plant coding genes,but also significantly changes the expression of some non-coding RNAs including miRNAs,which act as an important non-coding RNA that participates in the heat stress response of plants. In this review,we summarize the synthetic pathway,effect mechanism and main functions of miRNA,with a focus on the regulatory mechanism of plant miRNA in heat stress response. It provides new insight for the researches and application of miRNA in resistance to high temperature stress in plants.

Key words: plant, heat stress, miRNA, target gene, regulatory mechanism

李泽卿, 刘彩贤, 邢文, 文亚峰. miRNA在植物响应高温胁迫中的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(2): 149-157.

LI Ze-qing, LIU Cai-xian, XING Wen, WEN Ya-feng. Research Progress on Regulation of miRNA in the Heat Stress Response of Plants[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(2): 149-157.

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