不同植茶年限茶树根际土壤细菌多样性及群落结构研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0862

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 运用传统培养法和高通量测序技术研究不同植茶年限（5年、10年、20年）茶树根际土壤细菌的多样性、结构和组成,并分析茶树土壤理化性质与细菌群落的相关性,为改善茶树的土壤和提高茶树产量提供参考。结果表明：两种方法均指出不同植茶年限下的根际细菌群落结构存在显著性差异,5年和10年茶树细菌多样性显著高于20年茶树细菌;培养法得出厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）为优势门属,高通量测序技术得出酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）和Candidatus_Udaeobacter属为优势门属;总氮（TN）、总钾（TK）、总磷（TP）、pH是影响茶树细菌群落的关键理化因子;随着植茶年限增加,要采取措施防止土壤酸化,适当增施氮肥和磷肥。

关键词: 植茶年限, 根际土壤, 细菌多样性, 培养法和高通量测序, 理化性质

Abstract: The traditional culture method and high-throughput sequencing technology were used to study the diversity,structure and composition of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of different tea planting years（5-,10-,and 20-year）,and to analyze the correlation between physical and chemical properties of tea tree soil and bacterial community,which may provide a reference for improving the soil of tea trees and increasing the yield of tea trees. The results showed that both methods indicated that there were significant differences in the bacterial community structure of rhizosphere in different tea planting years. The bacterial diversity of 5- and 10-year tea trees was significantly higher than that of 20-year tea trees. The culture method revealed that thick-walled bacteria（Firmicutes and Bacillus）were dominant phyla,and high-throughput sequencing techniques yielded that Acidobacteria,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Candidatus_Udaeobacter were dominant genus. Total nitrogen,total potassium,total phosphorus and pH were the key physical and chemical factors affecting the bacterial community of tea plants. With the increase of tea planting years,measures should be taken to prevent soil acidification and appropriate nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer should be increased.

Key words: tea planting years, rhizosphere soil, bacterial diversity, culture method and high-throughput sequencing, physicochemical properties

许广, 王梦姣, 邓百万, 郭苗苗. 不同植茶年限茶树根际土壤细菌多样性及群落结构研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(3): 124-132.

XU Guang, WANG Meng-jiao, DENG Bai-wan, GUO Miao-miao. Bacterial Diversity and Community Structure of Rhizosphere Soil of Tea Plants in Different Years of Planting[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(3): 124-132.

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