生物技术通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 54-63.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0454
吴婧1(), 聂彩娥2, 朱媛媛1, 黄薇1, 马超1(), 姜瑛3(), 朱林1, 郜红建1
收稿日期:
2020-04-18
出版日期:
2020-12-26
发布日期:
2020-12-22
作者简介:
吴婧,女,研究方向:土壤生态学;E-mail:基金资助:
WU Jing1(), NIE Cai-e2, ZHU Yuan-yuan1, HUANG Wei1, MA Chao1(), JIANG Ying3(), ZHU Lin1, GAO Hong-jian1
Received:
2020-04-18
Published:
2020-12-26
Online:
2020-12-22
摘要:
从砂姜黑土中筛选兼具秸秆降解和植物促生能力的菌株,解决外源腐秆菌土壤存活状况差、促腐效果弱及作物生长不良等问题。结合羧甲基纤维素钠平板筛选、产CMC酶(内切-β-1,4-葡聚糖酶)和IAA(吲哚-3-乙酸)能力测定等评价菌株的秸秆降解和植物促生潜力;通过形态学、生理生化和16S rDNA序列分析进行菌株的种属鉴定;采用秸秆降解摇瓶试验和玉米盆栽试验对菌株实际促腐和促生功效进行测定;设置单因素试验探究菌株生长、产酶和产IAA的最适宜条件。筛出1株CMC酶活高、IAA产量大(20.15 mg/L)的菌株n3;经鉴定,n3为玉米固氮螺菌(Azospirillum zeae);接种n3与对照相比,可将液态发酵下秸秆的促腐率显著提升54.71%,使土培条件下的玉米根长、平均直径和SPAD值分别提升18.3%、22.0%和5.24%(P<0.05);n3生长、产酶和产IAA的最适氮源和装液量一致,分别为酵母粉和25 mL/250 mL,而产酶的最适pH为5.0,生长和产IAA的最适pH均为6.0。所筛玉米固氮螺菌(Azospirillum zeae)可用于生产多功能腐秆剂,加速砂姜黑土区还田秸秆腐解的同时促进作物的生长,开发利用的前景广阔。
吴婧, 聂彩娥, 朱媛媛, 黄薇, 马超, 姜瑛, 朱林, 郜红建. 一株兼具产IAA能力纤维素降解菌的筛选、鉴定及条件优化[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(12): 54-63.
WU Jing, NIE Cai-e, ZHU Yuan-yuan, HUANG Wei, MA Chao, JIANG Ying, ZHU Lin, GAO Hong-jian. Isolation,Identification of a Cellulose-degrading Bacterium with IAA-producing Ability and Optimization of Its Culture Conditions[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(12): 54-63.
项目 | 结果 | 项目 | 结果 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
明胶液化 | - | 柠檬酸盐利用 | - | |
V-P试验 | - | 淀粉水解 | - | |
M.R.反应 | - | 好氧性试验 | 好氧 | |
接触酶试验 | + | 革兰氏染色 | - |
表1 菌株n3的生理生化特征
项目 | 结果 | 项目 | 结果 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
明胶液化 | - | 柠檬酸盐利用 | - | |
V-P试验 | - | 淀粉水解 | - | |
M.R.反应 | - | 好氧性试验 | 好氧 | |
接触酶试验 | + | 革兰氏染色 | - |
处理 | 秸秆降解率/% | 玉米生长 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPAD值 | 平均直径/mm | 根长/cm | 根表面积/cm2 | 株高/cm | 地上部鲜重/g | ||||
CK | 9.76±0.90 | 40.2±1.62 | 0.41±0.04 | 23.5±2.29 | 111.5±23.0 | 51.8±1.25 | 3.91±0.42 | ||
n3 | 15.1±0.12** | 42.3±0.82* | 0.50±0.05* | 27.8±5.02* | 124.3±43.9 | 54.4±1.71 | 4.12±0.25 |
表2 接种菌株n3对秸秆促腐和玉米生长的影响
处理 | 秸秆降解率/% | 玉米生长 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPAD值 | 平均直径/mm | 根长/cm | 根表面积/cm2 | 株高/cm | 地上部鲜重/g | ||||
CK | 9.76±0.90 | 40.2±1.62 | 0.41±0.04 | 23.5±2.29 | 111.5±23.0 | 51.8±1.25 | 3.91±0.42 | ||
n3 | 15.1±0.12** | 42.3±0.82* | 0.50±0.05* | 27.8±5.02* | 124.3±43.9 | 54.4±1.71 | 4.12±0.25 |
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