葡萄种子休眠研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-1140

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

种子是葡萄新品种选育的重要材料,但因具有明显的休眠特性,葡萄育种的效率极低。为提高葡萄育种效率很有必要研究其种子休眠特性,从而高效打破葡萄种子休眠。目前,葡萄种子休眠研究已成为葡萄育种的一个重要研究方向。鉴于葡萄种子休眠过程是一个复杂的过程,且因葡萄种群不同其休眠特性也存在重要差异,因而相关研究颇受关注,人们从休眠理论及休眠调控等方面开展了广泛的研究,但目前为止,尚未有葡萄种子休眠方面研究的系统综述。为此,基于前人研究,从葡萄种子休眠类型、休眠机制、休眠解除及促进种子萌发相关调控技术的研究等多个方面开展了综述,以期为建立打破种子休眠、提高种子萌发率的技术体系提供理论依据,从而为提高葡萄杂交育种与品种选育的效率提供新思路和指明方向。

关键词: 品种选育, 种子休眠, 激素, 调控, 机制

Abstract:

Seed is an important material for the selection and breeding of new grape varieties,however,the efficiency of grape breeding is extremely low because of its obvious dormancy characteristics. In order to improve the efficiency of grape breeding,it is necessary to study its seed dormancy characteristics,so as to effectively break the grape seed dormancy. At present,the study of grape seed dormancy has become an important research direction in grape breeding. In view of the fact that the dormancy process of grape seeds is a complex process,and there are important differences in dormancy characteristics due to different grape populations,thus relevant research has attracted much attention. People have carried out extensive researches on dormancy theory and dormancy regulation,but so far,there has been no systematic review of grape seed dormancy research. Therefore,based on previous studies,this article reviews the grape seed dormancy type,dormancy mechanism,dormancy release and related regulation techniques for promoting seed germination. It is aimed to provide a theoretical basis for establishing a technical system to break seed dormancy and increase seed germination rate,thereby providing new ideas and directions for improving the efficiency of grape hybrid breeding and variety selection.

Key words: variety breeding, seed dormancy, hormones, regulation, mechanism

李上云, 王晨, 宣旭娴, 任艳华, 房经贵. 葡萄种子休眠研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(5): 117-127.

LI Shang-yun, WANG Chen, XUAN Xu-xian, REN Yan-hua, FANG Jing-gui. Research Progress of Grape Seed Dormancy[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(5): 117-127.

图/表 5

图1 种子（葡萄种子）休眠归类

Fig. 1 Dormancy classification of seeds (grape seeds)

图2 种子休眠形成机制

Fig. 2 Formation mechanism of seed dormancy

图3 种子休眠部分相关基因（拟南芥、水稻）

Fig. 3 Some genes related to seed dormancy (Arabidopsis thaliana and rice)

图4 葡萄种子休眠与萌发基本调控

Fig. 4 Basic regulation of grape seed dormancy and germination

图5 基因调控种子休眠与萌发的网络

Fig. 5 Gene-regulated network for seed dormancy and germination

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