生物技术通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 197-206.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0890
王尚封1(
), 程斌2,3, 王若若3,4, 丁延庆2,3, 徐建霞2,3, 曹宁2,3, 高旭2,3, 李文贞2,3, 张立异2,3(
)
收稿日期:2025-08-18
出版日期:2026-02-26
发布日期:2026-03-17
通讯作者:
张立异,女,博士,研究员,研究方向 :作物分子遗传育种;E-mail: lyzhang1997@hotmail.com作者简介:王尚封,女,硕士研究生,研究方向 :作物分子遗传育种;E-mail: 619684541@qq.com基金资助:
WANG Shang-feng1(
), CHENG Bin2,3, WANG Ruo-ruo3,4, DING Yan-qing2,3, XU Jian-xia2,3, CAO Ning2,3, GAO Xu2,3, LI Wen-zhen2,3, ZHANG Li-yi2,3(
)
Received:2025-08-18
Published:2026-02-26
Online:2026-03-17
摘要:
目的 开花时间作为高粱品种选育过程中的关键目标性状之一,对其生态适应性和高产潜力具有重要影响。 方法 以晚开花品种红缨子与早开花品种SAP001杂交构建的F2群体为材料进行开花时间遗传定位分析。 结果 表型调查显示,F2群体中晚花和早花单株的分离比符合3∶1(χ2=0.225,P>0.05),表明该性状受到一对主效基因的控制。通过对极端早花和晚花株系的BSA-Seq分析,在第3染色体59.73‒60.44 Mb区间检测到一个与开花时间显著关联的遗传位点。结合双亲重测序和转录组数据,鉴定到一个编码光系统Ⅱ叶绿素结合蛋白的关键候选基因(SbiHYZ.03G218800)。该基因启动子区存在Myb/SANT、TATA结合蛋白(TBP)结合位点突变,在亲本间表达差异显著,可能为高粱中调控开花时间的新基因。基于该候选区段中的SNP和InDel变异,开发了一个可有效区分早花与晚花植株连锁分子标记。 结论 揭示了中国酒用高粱开花时间的遗传基础,为开展高粱生育期分子育种提供了重要基因资源和分子标记。
王尚封, 程斌, 王若若, 丁延庆, 徐建霞, 曹宁, 高旭, 李文贞, 张立异. 基于BSA-seq的高粱开花时间基因定位及候选基因预测[J]. 生物技术通报, 2026, 42(2): 197-206.
WANG Shang-feng, CHENG Bin, WANG Ruo-ruo, DING Yan-qing, XU Jian-xia, CAO Ning, GAO Xu, LI Wen-zhen, ZHANG Li-yi. Gene Mapping of Sorghum Flowering Time and Prediction of Candidate Genes Based on BSA-seq[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(2): 197-206.
| 引物名称 Primer name | orward primer (5′‒3′) 正向引物 F | everse primer (5′‒3′) 反向引物 R |
|---|---|---|
| V1f1 | CAACTTCAGTGCAACGGTCG | AGCAAGGATTGTGTGGTGCT |
| V423 | TCAGTGCAACGGTCGACAAA | TGAATGGTGAACAGCCGACC |
| Hd8800 | CACATCAGTGTGTGCCGTTG | TTAGGGGCGTTCTTCTGCTC |
| V5f1 | CATCCACGGGGTTGAAGTCT | AGCGGTCCATTGCTCAAAGT |
表1 4个InDel标记的引物信息
Table 1 Primer information of the 4 InDel markers
| 引物名称 Primer name | orward primer (5′‒3′) 正向引物 F | everse primer (5′‒3′) 反向引物 R |
|---|---|---|
| V1f1 | CAACTTCAGTGCAACGGTCG | AGCAAGGATTGTGTGGTGCT |
| V423 | TCAGTGCAACGGTCGACAAA | TGAATGGTGAACAGCCGACC |
| Hd8800 | CACATCAGTGTGTGCCGTTG | TTAGGGGCGTTCTTCTGCTC |
| V5f1 | CATCCACGGGGTTGAAGTCT | AGCGGTCCATTGCTCAAAGT |
| 样本Sample | 平均测序深度Mean depth (X) | 短片段总数Number of total Reads | 总碱基读数Clean bases (bp) | GC (%) | Q30 (%) | 比对Mapped reads (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 红缨子 | 67.04 | 369 858 258 | 55 478 738 700 | 44.63 | 91.96 | 99.41 |
| SAP001 | 70.27 | 355 144 466 | 53 271 669 900 | 43.54 | 96.28 | 98.88 |
| 晚熟池 | 77.31 | 387 856 226 | 58 178 433 900 | 43.67 | 97.29 | 99.34 |
| 早熟池 | 86.91 | 443 492 672 | 66 523 900 800 | 43.53 | 97.36 | 98.95 |
表2 不同样品测序比对结果
Table 2 Sequencing and mapping results of different samples
| 样本Sample | 平均测序深度Mean depth (X) | 短片段总数Number of total Reads | 总碱基读数Clean bases (bp) | GC (%) | Q30 (%) | 比对Mapped reads (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 红缨子 | 67.04 | 369 858 258 | 55 478 738 700 | 44.63 | 91.96 | 99.41 |
| SAP001 | 70.27 | 355 144 466 | 53 271 669 900 | 43.54 | 96.28 | 98.88 |
| 晚熟池 | 77.31 | 387 856 226 | 58 178 433 900 | 43.67 | 97.29 | 99.34 |
| 早熟池 | 86.91 | 443 492 672 | 66 523 900 800 | 43.53 | 97.36 | 98.95 |
图1 SNP-index和ED4关联值在第3染色体上的分布A:基于SNP-index算法生成的曼哈顿图;蓝色和绿色线条分别表示99%和95%置信区间;黑色圆点表示每个SNP的ΔSNP指数值,红色线条为通过滑动窗口分析得到的ΔSNP指数平均值拟合曲线;B:基于ED算法生成的曼哈顿图;红色线条表示99%置信阈值;黑色线条为ED4值的拟合曲线
Fig. 1 Distribution of SNP-index and ED4 association values on chromosome 3A: Manhattan plot generated based on SNP-index algorithm. The blue and green lines indicate the 99% and 95% confidence intervals, respectively. The black dots denote the ΔSNP-index for each SNP, and the red line is the fitted curve of the mean values of ΔSNP-index derived from the sliding window analysis. B: Manhattan plot generated based on ED algorithm. The red line indicates the 99% threshold; and the black line is the fitted curve of the ED4 values
基因 Gene | 变异位置 Variation position (bp) | 参考基因组 Reference | 等位变异Alternative | CDS突变类型Type of CDS mutation | 启动子突变Promoter mutation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SbiHYZ.03G216400 | 59 930 660 | A | - | - | 碱基缺失 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216700 | 59 972 784 | C | A | 非同义突变 | |
| SbiHYZ.03G216800 | 59 974 642 | C | A | - | 碱基突变 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216900 | 59 980 499 | A | - | 缺失突变/移码 | |
| 59 980 657 | G | A | 非同义突变 | ||
| 59 980 792 | G | T | 非同义突变 | ||
| 59 980 816 | G | C | 非同义突变 | ||
| SbiHYZ.03G217000 | 60 060 314 | A | - | - | 碱基缺失 |
| SbiHYZ.03G217200 | 60 093 586 | A | C | 非同义突变 | |
| SbiHYZ.03G217700 | 60 140 432 | G | A | 非同义突变 | |
| SbiHYZ.03G218800 | 60 365 936 | C | T | - | 碱基突变 |
| SbiHYZ.03G218900 | 60 375 442 | C | T | 非同义突变 |
表3 九个候选基因序列变异分析
Table 3 Sequence variation analysis of nine candidate genes
基因 Gene | 变异位置 Variation position (bp) | 参考基因组 Reference | 等位变异Alternative | CDS突变类型Type of CDS mutation | 启动子突变Promoter mutation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SbiHYZ.03G216400 | 59 930 660 | A | - | - | 碱基缺失 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216700 | 59 972 784 | C | A | 非同义突变 | |
| SbiHYZ.03G216800 | 59 974 642 | C | A | - | 碱基突变 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216900 | 59 980 499 | A | - | 缺失突变/移码 | |
| 59 980 657 | G | A | 非同义突变 | ||
| 59 980 792 | G | T | 非同义突变 | ||
| 59 980 816 | G | C | 非同义突变 | ||
| SbiHYZ.03G217000 | 60 060 314 | A | - | - | 碱基缺失 |
| SbiHYZ.03G217200 | 60 093 586 | A | C | 非同义突变 | |
| SbiHYZ.03G217700 | 60 140 432 | G | A | 非同义突变 | |
| SbiHYZ.03G218800 | 60 365 936 | C | T | - | 碱基突变 |
| SbiHYZ.03G218900 | 60 375 442 | C | T | 非同义突变 |
基因 Gene | 物理位置 Physical position (bp) | 同源基因 Paralogous gene | 功能注释 Functional annotation | 相似率 Similarity (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SbiHYZ.03G216400 | 59 931 181‒59 935 674 | LOC_Os01g41250 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 66 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216700 | 59 971 690‒59 974 228 | LOC_Os01g41260 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 63 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216800 | 59 974 820‒59 977 137 | Zm00001d011276 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 80 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216900 | 59 978 600‒59 981 036 | LOC_Os01g41310 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 51 |
| SbiHYZ.03G217000 | 60 061 333‒60 063 755 | Zm00001d044385 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 83 |
| SbiHYZ.03G217200 | 60 090 312‒60 093 766 | Zm00001d044386 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 75 |
| SbiHYZ.03G217700 | 60 139 306‒60 141 819 | LOC_Os01g41530 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 50 |
| SbiHYZ.03G218800 | 60 366 296‒60 367 982 | ZM00001d011285 | 光捕获复合物Ⅱ叶绿素a/b结合蛋白 Light-harvesting complexⅡchlorophyll a/b-binding protein | 97 |
| SbiHYZ.03G218900 | 60 374 509‒60 375 642 | Zm00001d011285 | 光捕获复合物Ⅱ叶绿素a/b结合蛋白 Light-harvesting complexⅡ chlorophyll a/b-binding protein | 98 |
表4 九个候选基因信息
Table 4 Information of nine candidate genes
基因 Gene | 物理位置 Physical position (bp) | 同源基因 Paralogous gene | 功能注释 Functional annotation | 相似率 Similarity (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SbiHYZ.03G216400 | 59 931 181‒59 935 674 | LOC_Os01g41250 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 66 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216700 | 59 971 690‒59 974 228 | LOC_Os01g41260 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 63 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216800 | 59 974 820‒59 977 137 | Zm00001d011276 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 80 |
| SbiHYZ.03G216900 | 59 978 600‒59 981 036 | LOC_Os01g41310 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 51 |
| SbiHYZ.03G217000 | 60 061 333‒60 063 755 | Zm00001d044385 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 83 |
| SbiHYZ.03G217200 | 60 090 312‒60 093 766 | Zm00001d044386 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 75 |
| SbiHYZ.03G217700 | 60 139 306‒60 141 819 | LOC_Os01g41530 | F-box/FBD结构域 F-box/FBD domain | 50 |
| SbiHYZ.03G218800 | 60 366 296‒60 367 982 | ZM00001d011285 | 光捕获复合物Ⅱ叶绿素a/b结合蛋白 Light-harvesting complexⅡchlorophyll a/b-binding protein | 97 |
| SbiHYZ.03G218900 | 60 374 509‒60 375 642 | Zm00001d011285 | 光捕获复合物Ⅱ叶绿素a/b结合蛋白 Light-harvesting complexⅡ chlorophyll a/b-binding protein | 98 |
图3 亲本中候选基因在不同时期不同组织中的表达量候选基因的表达量基于RNA测序分析获得的FPKM值,取log2绘制热图;S1:孕穗期;S2:抽穗5 cm;S3:开花第1天;P:SAP001;H:红缨子
Fig. 3 Expressions of candidate genes in the parent in different tissues at different timesHeatmap of candidate gene expression based on FPKM values from RNA-seq analysis after log2 transformation.S1: Booting stage. S2: 5 cm heading. S3: First flowering day. P: SAP001. H: Hongyingzi
图4 亲本中关键候选基因启动子区域顺式元件对比A:红缨子启动子区域顺式元件可视图;B:SAP001启动子区域顺式元件可视图,红色方框表示元件差异
Fig. 4 Comparison of cis-elements in the promoter regions of key candidate genes in parentA: Visualized cis-acting elements in the promoter region of Hongyingzi. B: Visualized cis-acting elements in the promoter region of SAP001, with red boxes highlighting element divergence
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