生物技术通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 120-125.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0199

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

水培条件下几种水生植物对铅的抗性研究

纪美辰1, 张继权1, 彭越2, 马齐云1   

  1. 1. 东北师范大学环境学院 自然灾害研究所,长春130024;
    2. 西南民族大学化学与环境保护工程学院,成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-16 出版日期:2017-08-01 发布日期:2017-08-01
  • 作者简介:纪美辰,女,硕士研究生,研究方向:环境风险评价;E-mail:1025274547@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重大水专项(2014ZX07201-011-002)

Research on the Resistances of Several Kinds of Hydrophyte to Lead in Hydroponic Condition

JI Mei-chen1, ZHANG Ji-quan1, PENG Yue2, MA Qi-yun1   

  1. 1. Natural Disaster Research Institute,School of Environment,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024;
    2. College of Chemistry & Environment Protection Engineering,Southwest University for Nationalities,Sichuan 610041
  • Received:2017-03-16 Published:2017-08-01 Online:2017-08-01

摘要: 水生植物能够吸收重金属污染物,净化环境且具有较高的观赏价值和经济价值。本实验选取常见的3种水生植物鸢尾、菖蒲、水葫芦,采用水培方法,研究不同植物对Pb2+的抗性;以及在Pb-Zn复合污染下,Zn2+的存在对水葫芦吸收Pb2+的影响。结果表明,单一污染时水葫芦对较高浓度的含铅废液表现出一定的抗性,菖蒲对中低浓度含铅废液抗性较好,鸢尾次之。在复合污染条件下,水葫芦对铅、锌的吸收在不同浓度范围内分别存在着协同效应和拮抗效应。植物不同组织对铅的吸收累积程度不同,3种水生植物体内的重金属含量均呈现出地下部分高于地上部分,对重金属铅的体内转移能力不明显,不属于超富集植物,因此这3种植物均不适合处理高浓度含铅废液。

关键词: 重金属, 水生植物, Pb2+, 复合污染, 抗性

Abstract: Hydrophytes absorbs and accumulates heavy metals and purifies the environment,therefore,owns high aesthetic and economic values. This study provided an important reference value for the selection of plant species for phytoremediation of heavy metal Pb pollution. This experiment selected 3 common hydrophytes called Iris tectorum Maxim,Acorus calamus L.,Eichhornia crassipes(Mart.)Solms to study their resistance capacities to Pb2+ in different concentrations of Pb(NO32 waste by using hydroponics. Then the effect of Zn2+ on the absorption of Pb2+ by water hyacinth was tested under the lead and zinc multiple-contamination. The results showed that the water hyacinth to higher concentration of Pb(NO32 waste water presented a certain resistance,in the low and middle concentration of waste A. calamus showed better resistance,and followed by I. tectorum Maxim. Under the multiple-contamination condition,synergistic effect and antagonistic effect between lead and zinc in E. crassipes(Mart.)Solms were respectively observed in the terms of uptake in different range of concentration. Different plant tissues absorbed and accumulated the Pb differently. Moreover,the heavy metal content in the aboveground of 3 hydrophytes was higher than that in the underground part. The metastasis ability of lead inside plants was not obvious,thus they do not belong to hyper accumulator. Therefore,these 3 hydrophytes are not suitable for treatment of high concentration wastewater containing lead.

Key words: heavy metal, hydrophyte, Pb2+, multiple-contamination, resistance