SMRT测序技术及其在微生物研究中的应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-1009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高通量测序技术的发展为研究者深入探索微生物世界提供可能。随着以Pacific BioSciences（PacBio）公司的单分子实时测序（Single molecule real time sequencing，SMRT）为代表的第三代测序（Third generation sequencing，TGS）技术逐渐发展成熟，微生物研究方法正面临又一次新的变革。SMRT测序技术凭借其特殊建库方式（SMRTbell）和超长的测序读长等特点，为微生物16S rRNA基因全长测序提供新的选择。同时，为组装完整可靠的宏基因组和微生物全基因组提供新方法。随着PacBio测序平台的成本大幅下降，SMRT测序技术的PacBio系列平台开始逐渐被应用于微生物16S rRNA基因测序、宏基因组测序和全基因组测序研究中。综述了SMRT测序技术的技术原理和特点及其在微生物16S rRNA基因全长测序、宏基因组测序等方面的应用，并分析了目前SMRT测序技术在微生物各方面研究中的优势和存在的问题，提出基于SMRT测序技术获得的长片段在后期分析中存在的问题。SMRT测序技术将越来越多地引入到微生物研究中，期望为将要选择使用SMRT测序技术研究微生物的研究人员提供一定参考。

关键词: 第三代测序, 单分子实时测序, 微生物

Abstract: The development of high-throughput sequencing has provided power for researchers to further explore the microorganism. Along with rapid advances of third generation sequencing（TGS）technologies，especially single molecule real time sequencing（SMRT）developed by Pacific BioSciences（PacBio），methods of studying micro-organism are going through a revolutionary change. SMRT sequencing technology，for its special SMRTbell sequencing libraries and super-long reads length，provides a new choice for sequencing full length of 16S rRNA，and also provides a novel method for acquiring accurate and reliable metagenome and whole genome sequence of microbial species. With the cost of sequencing using SMRT sequencing technology remarkably reduced，a growing number of microbial studies will be performed with the PacBio series platform based on SMRT technology，including sequencing of 16S rRNA gene，metagenome sequencing，and whole genome sequencing. Here，we reviewed the principle and characteristics of SMRT sequencing technology and its application in full length sequencing of 16S RNA，metagenome sequencing，and transcriptome sequencing of microorganism. Further we analyzed the advantages and issues while SMRT sequencing technology is used in studying microorganism，as well as the potential issues of download analysis of SMRT reads. This review is aimed to provide advice or reference for researchers who will employ SMRT sequencing technology into microbial studies.

Key words: third-generation sequencing, SMRT, microorganism

唐勇 ,刘旭. SMRT测序技术及其在微生物研究中的应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(6): 48-53.

TANG Yong ,LIU Xu. SMRT Sequencing and Its Application in Microorganism Studies[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(6): 48-53.

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