草甘膦对微生物影响的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0658

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

草甘膦是世界上应用最广、生产量最大的农业除草剂。它在节省劳动成本、提高农业生产效率、推动转基因农作物的发展等方面发挥了重要作用。随着草甘膦在环境中的不断积累,在越来越多的生物体内发现其残留。草甘膦对植物和微生物的作用机制相似,以微生物为工具研究抗草甘膦转基因农作物是目前研究热点,但有关草甘膦对微生物的生长繁殖及菌群演变等方面的关注却较少。主要综述了草甘膦对微生物的作用机制、对土壤和土壤外有益微生物的影响以及能降解草甘膦的微生物等内容。这对进一步认识和安全应用草甘膦,减少环境污染有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 草甘膦, 微生物, 影响, 安全, 机制

Abstract:

Glyphosate is the most widely used and most produced agricultural herbicide in the world. It has played an important role in reducing labor costs,improving agricultural production efficiency,and promoting the development of genetically modified crops. With the continuous accumulation of glyphosate in the environment,their residues have been found in more and more organisms. The action mechanism of glyphosate on plants and microorganisms is similar. Using microorganisms as a tool to study glyphosate-resistant genetically modified crops is currently a hot research topic. However,little attention is paid to glyphosate’s direct effects on the growth and reproduction of microorganisms as well as the evolution of flora. This article mainly reviews the action mechanism of glyphosate on microorganisms,the effects on soil and beneficial microorganisms outside the soil,and microorganisms that can degrade glyphosate. This has certain guiding significance for further understanding and safe application of glyphosate as well as reducing environmental pollution.

Key words: glyphosate, microorganism, impact, safety, mechanism

梁鑫, 张宝善, 刘继瑞, 余偲, 陈思雨. 草甘膦对微生物影响的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(4): 211-223.

LIANG Xin, ZHANG Bao-shan, LIU Ji-rui, YU Si, CHEN Si-yu. Research Progress of the Effects of Glyphosate on Microorganisms[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(4): 211-223.

图/表 5

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属/种Genus/species	草甘膦最小抑菌浓度 Glyphosate minimum inhibitory concentration ,MIC（mg·mL^-1）	菌数量Number of bacteria,log₁₀
属/种Genus/species		MIC值处理 MIC value processing（mean±SD, n=3）	对照Control（mean±SD, n=3）
巴斯德芽孢杆菌Bacillus badius	0.150	2.24±0.49	8.90±0.44
蜡状芽孢杆菌Bacillus cereus	0.300	2.75±0.68	8.08±0.12
拟杆菌Bacteriodes vulgatus	0.600	3.54±0.31	7.37±0.10
青春双歧杆菌Bifidobacterium adolescentis	0.075	3.87±0.50	8.67±0.48
弯曲杆菌Campylobacter coli	0.150	3.07±0.50	9.00±0.70
空肠弯曲菌Campylobacter jejuni	0.150	3.90±0.50	9.54±0.97
产气荚膜梭菌Clostridium perfringens	5.000	3.37±0.89	8.30±0.28
肉毒梭菌A类Clostridium botulinum A C. botulinum A类	1.200	4.00±0.50	8.16±0.32
肉毒梭菌B类Clostridium botulinum B	1.200	3.56±0.45	7.60±0.57
大肠杆菌Escherichia coli	1.200	3.15±0.24	8.00±0.34
大肠杆菌1917 NissleE. coli 1917 Nissle	1.200	2.35±0.24	7.26±0.21
粪肠球菌Enterococcus faecalis	0.150	2.00±0.45	8.49±0.58
粪肠球菌Enterococcus faecalis	0.150	2.01±0.34	7.06±0.95
念珠菌Geotrichum candidum	0.625
布氏乳杆菌Lactobacillus buchneri	0.600	4.00±0.88	8.00±0.22
干酪乳杆菌Lactobacillus casei	0.600	4.74±0.56	8.28±0.35
德氏乳杆菌亚种.保加利亚* L.delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus *	1.000
乳杆菌亚种 Cremoris L.lactis subsp. Cremoris	0.312
哈尔滨乳杆菌Lactobacillus harbinensis	0.600	5.30±0.44	8.40±0.32
厌食里氏杆菌Riemerella anatipestifer	0.150	4.00±0.50	7.88±0.50
肠炎沙门氏菌Salmonella enteritidis	5.000	2.35±0.26	8.28±0.16
鸡沙门氏菌Salmonella gallinarum	5.000	2.15±0.33	8.68±0.20
鼠伤寒沙门氏菌Salmonella typhimurium	5.000	2.75±0.68	8.03±0.16
金黄色葡萄球菌Staphylococcus aureus	0.300	5.74±0.58	9.00±0.10
溶血链球菌Streptococcus hemolyticus	0.300	5.74±0.32	8.08±0.16
缓慢葡萄球菌Staphylococcus lentus	0.300	3.90±0.44	8.08±0.14

属/种Genus/species	草甘膦最小抑菌浓度 Glyphosate minimum inhibitory concentration ,MIC（mg·mL^-1）	菌数量Number of bacteria,log₁₀
属/种Genus/species		MIC值处理 MIC value processing（mean±SD, n=3）	对照Control（mean±SD, n=3）
巴斯德芽孢杆菌Bacillus badius	0.150	2.24±0.49	8.90±0.44
蜡状芽孢杆菌Bacillus cereus	0.300	2.75±0.68	8.08±0.12
拟杆菌Bacteriodes vulgatus	0.600	3.54±0.31	7.37±0.10
青春双歧杆菌Bifidobacterium adolescentis	0.075	3.87±0.50	8.67±0.48
弯曲杆菌Campylobacter coli	0.150	3.07±0.50	9.00±0.70
空肠弯曲菌Campylobacter jejuni	0.150	3.90±0.50	9.54±0.97
产气荚膜梭菌Clostridium perfringens	5.000	3.37±0.89	8.30±0.28
肉毒梭菌A类Clostridium botulinum A C. botulinum A类	1.200	4.00±0.50	8.16±0.32
肉毒梭菌B类Clostridium botulinum B	1.200	3.56±0.45	7.60±0.57
大肠杆菌Escherichia coli	1.200	3.15±0.24	8.00±0.34
大肠杆菌1917 NissleE. coli 1917 Nissle	1.200	2.35±0.24	7.26±0.21
粪肠球菌Enterococcus faecalis	0.150	2.00±0.45	8.49±0.58
粪肠球菌Enterococcus faecalis	0.150	2.01±0.34	7.06±0.95
念珠菌Geotrichum candidum	0.625
布氏乳杆菌Lactobacillus buchneri	0.600	4.00±0.88	8.00±0.22
干酪乳杆菌Lactobacillus casei	0.600	4.74±0.56	8.28±0.35
德氏乳杆菌亚种.保加利亚* L.delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus *	1.000
乳杆菌亚种 Cremoris L.lactis subsp. Cremoris	0.312
哈尔滨乳杆菌Lactobacillus harbinensis	0.600	5.30±0.44	8.40±0.32
厌食里氏杆菌Riemerella anatipestifer	0.150	4.00±0.50	7.88±0.50
肠炎沙门氏菌Salmonella enteritidis	5.000	2.35±0.26	8.28±0.16
鸡沙门氏菌Salmonella gallinarum	5.000	2.15±0.33	8.68±0.20
鼠伤寒沙门氏菌Salmonella typhimurium	5.000	2.75±0.68	8.03±0.16
金黄色葡萄球菌Staphylococcus aureus	0.300	5.74±0.58	9.00±0.10
溶血链球菌Streptococcus hemolyticus	0.300	5.74±0.32	8.08±0.16
缓慢葡萄球菌Staphylococcus lentus	0.300	3.90±0.44	8.08±0.14

降解途径Degradation pathway	菌株Strain	来源Source	中间代谢产物Intermediate metabolite	草甘膦提供的营养素 Nutrients provided by glyphosate
AMPA途径AMPA pathway	无色杆菌 LW9 Achromobacter sp. LW9	草甘膦工业废水中的活性污泥Sludge in glyphosate industrial wastewater	AMPA	唯一C源Sole carbon source
	放射土壤杆菌SW9 Agrobacterium radiobacter SW9	活性污泥Sludge	AMPA	唯一C源,少量AMPA Sole carbon source, little AMPA
	厌氧节杆菌ATCC Arthrobacter atrocyaneus ATCC	德国农田土壤German farmland soil	AMPA和CO₂ AMPA and CO₂	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	黄杆菌属 GD1 Flavobacterium sp. GD1	孟山都活性污泥Monsanto’s sludge	AMPA和磷酸AMPA and phosphoric acid	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	溶钙芽孢杆菌T20 Geobacillus caldoxylosilyticus T20	水中Water	AMPA和乙醛酸AMPA and glyoxylic acid	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	赭杆菌 Ochrobactrum sp. GDOS	土壤Soil	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	假单胞假单胞菌22 Pseudomonas pseudomallei 22	土壤Soil	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	假单胞菌 SG-1 Pseudomonas sp. SG-1	富氧液体Oxygen-rich liquid	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
肌氨酸途Sarcosine pathway	无色杆菌 MPK 7A Achromobacter sp. MPK 7A	草甘膦污染土壤Glyphosate contaminated soil	肌氨酸Sarcosine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	无色杆菌 MPS 12A Achromobacter sp. MPS 12A	AMPA污染土壤AMPA contaminated soil	肌氨酸,甘氨酸, 甲醛Sarcosine, glycine and formaldehyde	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	放射土壤杆菌 Agrobacterium radiobacter	污泥Sludge	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	产碱菌 GL Alcaligenes sp. GL	从非纯菌培养的产碱菌中分离Isolated from non-pure species of Alcaligenes	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	关节杆菌 GLP-1 Arthrobacter sp. GLP-1	被草甘膦污染的土壤Glyphosate contaminated soil	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	阴沟肠杆菌K7 Enterobacter cloacae K7	植物根Root of plant	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	中间赭杆菌Sq20 Ochrobactrum intermedium Sq20	草甘膦污染的土壤Glyphosate contaminated soil	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一C源Sole carbon source
	假单胞菌 4ASW Pseudomonas sp. 4ASW	草甘膦污染的土壤Glyphosate contaminated soil	肌氨酸Sarcosine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	假单胞菌 GLC11 Pseudomonas sp. GLC11	假单胞菌 1号的突变株Mutant strain of Pseudomonas sp. PAO1	APMA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	假单胞菌 PG2982 Pseudomonas sp. PG2982	铜绿假单胞菌ATCC 9027的突变株Mutant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027	肌氨酸,磷酸,甘氨酸,甲醛Sarcosine, phosphoric acid, glycine and formaldehyde	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	苜蓿根瘤菌1021 Rhizobiaceae meliloti 1021	有链霉素抗性的苜蓿根瘤菌的突变株Mutant strain of Rhizobiaceae meliloti with streptomycin resisfance	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	链霉菌 StC Streptomycete sp. StC	污水处理厂的生污Sludge from sewage treatment plant	肌氨酸,甘氨酸sarcosine and glycine	C源、N源或P源 Carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus source
	青霉Penicillium sp.	土壤Soil	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	帚霉属Scopulariopsis sp.	植物、昆虫体内Plants and insects	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	木霉Trichoderma spp.	柑橘及其他水果Citrus and other fruits	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	曲霉Aspergillus spp.	谷物及土壤Grains and soil	AMPA	N源和P源Nitrogen and phosphorus sources
双途径Both pathways	蜡状芽孢杆菌CB4 Bacillus cereus CB4	动物肠道及污水Animal intestines and sewage	AMPA、乙醛酸、肌氨酸和甘氨酸AMPA, glyoxylic acid, sarcosine and glycine	C源和P源Carbon source and phosphorus source

降解途径Degradation pathway	菌株Strain	来源Source	中间代谢产物Intermediate metabolite	草甘膦提供的营养素 Nutrients provided by glyphosate
AMPA途径AMPA pathway	无色杆菌 LW9 Achromobacter sp. LW9	草甘膦工业废水中的活性污泥Sludge in glyphosate industrial wastewater	AMPA	唯一C源Sole carbon source
	放射土壤杆菌SW9 Agrobacterium radiobacter SW9	活性污泥Sludge	AMPA	唯一C源,少量AMPA Sole carbon source, little AMPA
	厌氧节杆菌ATCC Arthrobacter atrocyaneus ATCC	德国农田土壤German farmland soil	AMPA和CO₂ AMPA and CO₂	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	黄杆菌属 GD1 Flavobacterium sp. GD1	孟山都活性污泥Monsanto’s sludge	AMPA和磷酸AMPA and phosphoric acid	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	溶钙芽孢杆菌T20 Geobacillus caldoxylosilyticus T20	水中Water	AMPA和乙醛酸AMPA and glyoxylic acid	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	赭杆菌 Ochrobactrum sp. GDOS	土壤Soil	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	假单胞假单胞菌22 Pseudomonas pseudomallei 22	土壤Soil	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	假单胞菌 SG-1 Pseudomonas sp. SG-1	富氧液体Oxygen-rich liquid	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
肌氨酸途Sarcosine pathway	无色杆菌 MPK 7A Achromobacter sp. MPK 7A	草甘膦污染土壤Glyphosate contaminated soil	肌氨酸Sarcosine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	无色杆菌 MPS 12A Achromobacter sp. MPS 12A	AMPA污染土壤AMPA contaminated soil	肌氨酸,甘氨酸, 甲醛Sarcosine, glycine and formaldehyde	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	放射土壤杆菌 Agrobacterium radiobacter	污泥Sludge	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	产碱菌 GL Alcaligenes sp. GL	从非纯菌培养的产碱菌中分离Isolated from non-pure species of Alcaligenes	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	关节杆菌 GLP-1 Arthrobacter sp. GLP-1	被草甘膦污染的土壤Glyphosate contaminated soil	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	阴沟肠杆菌K7 Enterobacter cloacae K7	植物根Root of plant	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	中间赭杆菌Sq20 Ochrobactrum intermedium Sq20	草甘膦污染的土壤Glyphosate contaminated soil	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一C源Sole carbon source
	假单胞菌 4ASW Pseudomonas sp. 4ASW	草甘膦污染的土壤Glyphosate contaminated soil	肌氨酸Sarcosine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	假单胞菌 GLC11 Pseudomonas sp. GLC11	假单胞菌 1号的突变株Mutant strain of Pseudomonas sp. PAO1	APMA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	假单胞菌 PG2982 Pseudomonas sp. PG2982	铜绿假单胞菌ATCC 9027的突变株Mutant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027	肌氨酸,磷酸,甘氨酸,甲醛Sarcosine, phosphoric acid, glycine and formaldehyde	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	苜蓿根瘤菌1021 Rhizobiaceae meliloti 1021	有链霉素抗性的苜蓿根瘤菌的突变株Mutant strain of Rhizobiaceae meliloti with streptomycin resisfance	肌氨酸,甘氨酸Sarcosine and glycine	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	链霉菌 StC Streptomycete sp. StC	污水处理厂的生污Sludge from sewage treatment plant	肌氨酸,甘氨酸sarcosine and glycine	C源、N源或P源 Carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus source
	青霉Penicillium sp.	土壤Soil	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	帚霉属Scopulariopsis sp.	植物、昆虫体内Plants and insects	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	木霉Trichoderma spp.	柑橘及其他水果Citrus and other fruits	AMPA	唯一P源Sole phosphorus source
	曲霉Aspergillus spp.	谷物及土壤Grains and soil	AMPA	N源和P源Nitrogen and phosphorus sources
双途径Both pathways	蜡状芽孢杆菌CB4 Bacillus cereus CB4	动物肠道及污水Animal intestines and sewage	AMPA、乙醛酸、肌氨酸和甘氨酸AMPA, glyoxylic acid, sarcosine and glycine	C源和P源Carbon source and phosphorus source