关键词: 花生, 根际, 花生主产区, 土壤类型, 细菌菌群多样性, 16S rRNA

Abstract:

The objectives of this work are to understand the relationship between bacterial community diversity of the rhizosphere soil and the yield of peanut（Arachis hypogaea）in different soil types,and to define the regional dominance of peanut production characteristics in various soil types. Using 6 soil types from the main peanut-producing areas,pot experiments were conducted to study the bacterial community structure and changing characteristics on the rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil through high-throughput sequencing technology. As results,bacterial community diversity and richness of the six soil samples showed that the bacterial richness and diversity of Shaoyang red soil of Hunan province were lower,while those of Luanxian brown soil of Hebei province were relatively higher. Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria,and Gemmatimonadetes were the common dominant phyla,whereas significant differences of the bacterial abundance were found in different soil types,among which Chlorobacteria was the most abundant in Shaoyang red soil,while Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were enriched in the other soil types. Moreover,bacterial abundances in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were different,and the abundances of all bacteria（including Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,Chlorobacteria,Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,and Firmicutes）in Shaoyang red soil of Hunan province varied more than that in other areas. Redundancy analysis showed that soil physical and chemical factors of different soil types such as soil acidity（pH）,organic matter（ORM）,available nitrogen（N）,available phosphorus（P）,and available potassium（K）had different influences and positive and negative correlation with bacterial community abundance and species abundance. There was a significantly positive correlation between the bacterial community and soil factors in Jiaozuo tide brown soil of Henan province,and a significantly negative correlation between the bacterial community and soil factors in Shaoyang red soil of Hunan province. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the pod yields of Gongzhuling black soil in Jilin province,of Shihezi brown calcium soil in Xinjiang province,and of Yinan brown soil in Shandong provice were higher,while the pod yield of Shaoyang red soil in Hunan province was lower. The abundance of dominant Proteobacteria in Gongzhuling black soil of Jilin province,Shihezi brown calcium soil of Xinjiang province,and Yinan brown soil of Shandong was higher than that in Shaoyang red soil of Hunan province,and Sphingomonas was also higher in Yinan brown soil of Shandong province and Gongzhuling black soil of Jilin province. It was inferred that Proteobacteria and Sphingomonas were beneficial to peanut growth and the increase of pod yield. In conclusion,although the bacterial composition of peanut rhizosphere in different soil types was similar to some extent,the differences were obvious,and the abundance of some bacteria showed unique characteristics. Proteobacteria and Sphingomonas may be beneficial phylum and genus contributed to the increase of peanut pod yield,respectively. The peanut pod yield in Shaoyang red soil of Hunan province was the lowest,and the soil endowment advantage of peanut production was lower.

Key words: Arachis hypogaea, rhizosphere, the main peanut-producing areas, soil type, diversity of bacterial community, 16S rRNA