辣椒适应非生物胁迫的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0368

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

非生物胁迫是危害当今全球农业区域的主要因素之一，对蔬菜作物的生长和产量有显著影响，如何提高蔬菜的抗逆性成为当前的研究热点。辣椒作为国内种植面积跃居第一位的大宗蔬菜，具有较高的营养价值和经济价值，培育具有较强抗逆能力的辣椒品种具有重大的社会效益。基于此，本文重点综述了辣椒响应温度胁迫、盐碱胁迫、水分胁迫及重金属胁迫在形态、生理生化及分子层面的研究近况，整合了各胁迫下的改良措施，并提出今后的研究方向，为辣椒资源的开发利用和抗逆品种培育提供理论参考。

关键词: 辣椒, 温度胁迫, 盐碱胁迫, 水分胁迫, 重金属胁迫

Abstract:

Abiotic stress is one of the main factors affecting the growth and yield of vegetable crops worldwide. Therefore，how to improve the stress resistance of vegetables has become a research hotspot. As the largest vegetable planted in China，hot pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）has high nutritional value and economic value. Therefore，it is of great social benefit to cultivate hot pepper varieties with strong resistances. Based on this，this study focuses on the responses of hot pepper to temperature stress，saline-alkali stress，water stress and heavy metals stress that caused changes in plant morphological status，physiological，biochemical and molecular level. The improvement measures were firstly integrated，and the pepper to future research direction was analyzed，which would provide references for the development and utilization of resources and resistant variety breeding.

Key words: hot pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）, temperature stress, saline-alkali stress, water stress, heavy metal stress

胡华冉, 杜磊, 张芮豪, 钟秋月, 刘发万, 桂敏. 辣椒适应非生物胁迫的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(12): 58-72.

HU Hua-ran, DU Lei, ZHANG Rui-hao, ZHONG Qiu-yue, LIU Fa-wan, GUI Min. Research Progress in the Adaptation of Hot Pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）to Abiotic Stress[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(12): 58-72.

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胁迫类型 Stress type	温度处理Treatment/℃	研究内容 Research content	参考文献 Reference
高温胁迫 High temperature stress	30-45	苗期生理指标，耐热性评价Physiological index during seedling stage，and evaluation on heat-resistance	[4]
		热害指标\叶绿素荧光参数，抗性评定Heat damage index，chlorophyll fluorescence parameter，and resistance evaluation	[6]
		膜脂氧化产物，抗氧化系统，光合作用，抗性评价Membrane lipid oxidation products，antioxidant system，photosynthesis，and resistance evaluation	[9-12]
		CaWRKY27、CaHSP18、CaHSP24、CaHSP26、HSP90基因克隆、表达，生物信息学分析Cloning and expression of CaWRKY27，CaHSP18，CaHSP24，CaHSP26，HSP90，and bioinformatics analysis	[17，19，21]
		CaWRKY20、CabZIP63、CaGPA基因功能验证Function verification of CaWRKY20，CabZIP63，and CaGPAT genes	[22-24]
		全基因组分析Genome-wide analysis	[14]
		DNA甲基化分析DNA methylation analysis	[25]
		转录组测序分析Transcriptome sequencing analysis	[26-27]
低温胁迫 Low temperature stress	0-18	种子发芽指标，耐冷性评价Seed germination index，evaluation on cold tolerance	[5]
		苗期光合指标筛选Screening of photosynthetic indexes at seedling stage	[8]
		CaERF109、KCS表达和生物信息学分析Expression and bioinformatics analysis of CaERF109 and KCS genes	[15，20]
低、高温胁迫 Low and high temperature stress	0-42	萌发期、幼苗及坐果期的相关形态指标和生理生化特性，耐热耐寒材料筛选Relevant morphological indexes，physiological and biochemical characteristics at germination stage，seedling and fruit setting stage，and screening of heat and cold resistant materials	[7]
	0-42	CaERF18、CaWRKY41 NAT、CaVIN02、CaCWIN03基因克隆、表达分析Cloning and expression of CaWRKY13，CaWRKY41 NAT，CaVIN02，and CaCWIN03 genes	[13，16，18]

胁迫类型 Stress type	温度处理Treatment/℃	研究内容 Research content	参考文献 Reference
高温胁迫 High temperature stress	30-45	苗期生理指标，耐热性评价Physiological index during seedling stage，and evaluation on heat-resistance	[4]
		热害指标\叶绿素荧光参数，抗性评定Heat damage index，chlorophyll fluorescence parameter，and resistance evaluation	[6]
		膜脂氧化产物，抗氧化系统，光合作用，抗性评价Membrane lipid oxidation products，antioxidant system，photosynthesis，and resistance evaluation	[9-12]
		CaWRKY27、CaHSP18、CaHSP24、CaHSP26、HSP90基因克隆、表达，生物信息学分析Cloning and expression of CaWRKY27，CaHSP18，CaHSP24，CaHSP26，HSP90，and bioinformatics analysis	[17，19，21]
		CaWRKY20、CabZIP63、CaGPA基因功能验证Function verification of CaWRKY20，CabZIP63，and CaGPAT genes	[22-24]
		全基因组分析Genome-wide analysis	[14]
		DNA甲基化分析DNA methylation analysis	[25]
		转录组测序分析Transcriptome sequencing analysis	[26-27]
低温胁迫 Low temperature stress	0-18	种子发芽指标，耐冷性评价Seed germination index，evaluation on cold tolerance	[5]
		苗期光合指标筛选Screening of photosynthetic indexes at seedling stage	[8]
		CaERF109、KCS表达和生物信息学分析Expression and bioinformatics analysis of CaERF109 and KCS genes	[15，20]
低、高温胁迫 Low and high temperature stress	0-42	萌发期、幼苗及坐果期的相关形态指标和生理生化特性，耐热耐寒材料筛选Relevant morphological indexes，physiological and biochemical characteristics at germination stage，seedling and fruit setting stage，and screening of heat and cold resistant materials	[7]
	0-42	CaERF18、CaWRKY41 NAT、CaVIN02、CaCWIN03基因克隆、表达分析Cloning and expression of CaWRKY13，CaWRKY41 NAT，CaVIN02，and CaCWIN03 genes	[13，16，18]

胁迫类型 Stress type	处理 Treatment	研究内容 Research content	参考文献 Reference
单盐 Single salt	NaCl、Na₂CO₃、NaHCO₃、K₂SO₄	种子萌发和幼苗生长Seed germination and seedling growth	[28-33]
		萌发指标和苗期形态、生理指标的耐盐性评价Evaluation of salt tolerance of germination indexes and morphological and physiological indexes at seedling stage	[36-41]
		幼苗期的渗透调节物质、膜透性、抗氧化指标、光合性能指数Osmotic adjustment substances，membrane permeability，antioxidant index and photosynthetic performance index at seedling stage	[42-49]
		转录组测序分析Transcriptome sequencing analysis	[58-59]
		CaCBF1A、CabZIP1、CaNAC61、CaCBF1A克隆与表达分析Cloning and expression analysis of CaCBF1A，CabZIP1，CaNAC61，and CaCBF1A genes	[53-55]
		CaERF14、CaPIP1-1基因功能验证Function verification of CaERF14 and CaPIP1-1 genes	[56-57]
混合盐 Mixed salt	KNO₃与K₂SO₄ NaNO₃与Na₂SO₄	种子萌发、幼苗生长及光化学特性Seed germination，seedling growth and photochemical characteristics	[50-52]
	NaCl、Na₂CO₃、NaHCO₃	辣椒生长与果实品质Growth of hot pepper and fruit quality	[33-42]

胁迫类型 Stress type	处理 Treatment	研究内容 Research content	参考文献 Reference
单盐 Single salt	NaCl、Na₂CO₃、NaHCO₃、K₂SO₄	种子萌发和幼苗生长Seed germination and seedling growth	[28-33]
		萌发指标和苗期形态、生理指标的耐盐性评价Evaluation of salt tolerance of germination indexes and morphological and physiological indexes at seedling stage	[36-41]
		幼苗期的渗透调节物质、膜透性、抗氧化指标、光合性能指数Osmotic adjustment substances，membrane permeability，antioxidant index and photosynthetic performance index at seedling stage	[42-49]
		转录组测序分析Transcriptome sequencing analysis	[58-59]
		CaCBF1A、CabZIP1、CaNAC61、CaCBF1A克隆与表达分析Cloning and expression analysis of CaCBF1A，CabZIP1，CaNAC61，and CaCBF1A genes	[53-55]
		CaERF14、CaPIP1-1基因功能验证Function verification of CaERF14 and CaPIP1-1 genes	[56-57]
混合盐 Mixed salt	KNO₃与K₂SO₄ NaNO₃与Na₂SO₄	种子萌发、幼苗生长及光化学特性Seed germination，seedling growth and photochemical characteristics	[50-52]
	NaCl、Na₂CO₃、NaHCO₃	辣椒生长与果实品质Growth of hot pepper and fruit quality	[33-42]

胁迫类型Stress type	处理 Treatment	研究内容 Research content	参考文献 Reference
干旱胁迫 Drought stress	断水处理Water cut-off treatment	幼苗形态指标Seedling morphological index	[61-63，65]
干旱胁迫 Drought stress	盆栽控水法Potted water control method	苗期相关生理指标的变化Changes of relevant physiological indexes at seedling stage	[64，66-70]
耐涝胁迫 Waterlogging tolerance	淹水处理Flooding treatment	苗期生理特性Physiological characteristics at seedling stage	[71-73]
耐涝胁迫 Waterlogging tolerance		耐涝性鉴定评价体系Identification and evaluation system of waterlogging resistance	[74]