乳酸菌抗氧化活性及其应用研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-0603

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

乳酸菌作为一种天然的抗氧化剂，其抗氧化特性一直是研究热点之一。绝大多数乳酸菌为厌氧菌或兼性厌氧菌，一般适合生长于无氧或含氧量低的环境中，部分乳酸菌菌株由于自身含有高活性的抗氧化酶及氧化还原系统而具有良好的抗氧化特性。作为一种常见的发酵微生物，乳酸菌在食品生产中不仅具有改善风味的作用，其抗氧化作用对于延长食品的保藏期具有重要意义。同样，机体的氧化应激与许多生理、病理现象密切相关，大量研究已经证实乳酸菌在缓解相关疾病方面具有益生功能。本文对乳酸菌的氧化胁迫及其应答和防御机制、提高乳酸菌抗氧化活性的技术方法及应用进行综述，旨在为深入了解乳酸菌的抗氧化机制以及开发具有良好抗氧化活性的菌株提供理论参考。

关键词: 乳酸菌, 活性氧, 氧胁迫防御, 抗氧化活性

Abstract:

As a natural antioxidant, the antioxidant properties of lactic acid bacteria（LAB）have been one of the hot spots of research. Most of the LAB are anaerobic or partly anaerobic, and are generally suitable to grow in anaerobic environment or low oxygen. Some strains of LAB have good antioxidant properties because they contain highly active antioxidant enzymes and redox systems. As a common fermenting microorganism, LAB are not only useful in food production for improving flavour, but their antioxidant effect is important for extending the shelf life of food. Likewise, oxidative stress in the body is closely related to many physiological and pathological phenomena, and numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial function of LAB in alleviating related diseases. This paper reviews the oxidative stress of LAB, their response and defence mechanisms, and technical methods and applications to improve the antioxidant activity of LAB, with the aim of providing theoretical references for an in-depth understanding of the antioxidant mechanisms of LAB and the development of strains with fine antioxidant activity.

Key words: lactic acid bacteria, reactive oxygen, oxygen stress defence, antioxidant activity

赵佳, 赵飞燕, 沈馨, 高广琦, 孙志宏. 乳酸菌抗氧化活性及其应用研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(11): 182-190.

ZHAO Jia, ZHAO Fei-yan, SHEN Xin, GAO Guang-qi, SUN Zhi-hong. Advances in the Antioxidant Activities of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Applications[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(11): 182-190.

图/表 1

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菌株名称 Strain	疾病 Disease	模型 Model	效果 Effect	参考文献 Reference
Lactiplantibacills plantarum AS1	结肠癌	1,2-甲基肼诱导的结肠癌大鼠	平均肿瘤体积减小，恢复结肠和血浆中的脂质过氧化物水平和抗氧化活性	[53]
Limosilactobacillus reuteri	结肠癌	基因敲除造模结肠癌小鼠	抑制癌细胞的生长，降低结直肠癌小鼠的氧化水平	[54]
Lactobacillus salivarius REN	口腔癌	4NQO诱导的口腔癌大鼠	有效抑制口腔癌变，保护DNA免受4NQO损伤	[55]
Lacticaseibacillusrhamnosus GG	肝病	每天酒精灌胃大鼠2次（10周）	减轻了酒精诱导的肠道以及肝脏氧化应激和炎症	[56]
Lactiplantibacills plantarum P8	高脂血症	饮食诱导的高脂血症大鼠	改善肝功能、高脂血症诱导的氧化应激	[57]
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei F19	肝病	肝脏缺血/再灌注（I/R）损伤的肝损伤大鼠	恢复肠道菌群和肠屏障，降低I/R对大鼠肝脏和肠道菌群的有害影响	[59]
Bifidobacterium animails BFM Limosilactobacillus fermentum LC40	高血压	自发性高血压大鼠	降低高血压大鼠主动脉NADPH氧化酶的活力	[60]

菌株名称 Strain	疾病 Disease	模型 Model	效果 Effect	参考文献 Reference
Lactiplantibacills plantarum AS1	结肠癌	1,2-甲基肼诱导的结肠癌大鼠	平均肿瘤体积减小，恢复结肠和血浆中的脂质过氧化物水平和抗氧化活性	[53]
Limosilactobacillus reuteri	结肠癌	基因敲除造模结肠癌小鼠	抑制癌细胞的生长，降低结直肠癌小鼠的氧化水平	[54]
Lactobacillus salivarius REN	口腔癌	4NQO诱导的口腔癌大鼠	有效抑制口腔癌变，保护DNA免受4NQO损伤	[55]
Lacticaseibacillusrhamnosus GG	肝病	每天酒精灌胃大鼠2次（10周）	减轻了酒精诱导的肠道以及肝脏氧化应激和炎症	[56]
Lactiplantibacills plantarum P8	高脂血症	饮食诱导的高脂血症大鼠	改善肝功能、高脂血症诱导的氧化应激	[57]
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei F19	肝病	肝脏缺血/再灌注（I/R）损伤的肝损伤大鼠	恢复肠道菌群和肠屏障，降低I/R对大鼠肝脏和肠道菌群的有害影响	[59]
Bifidobacterium animails BFM Limosilactobacillus fermentum LC40	高血压	自发性高血压大鼠	降低高血压大鼠主动脉NADPH氧化酶的活力	[60]