甲基汞胁迫下水稻OsMATE34的表达及功能分析

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0542

生物技术通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 86-94.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0542

甲基汞胁迫下水稻OsMATE34的表达及功能分析

杨跃琴¹(), 邢英¹(), 仲子荷²^,³, 田维军³^,⁴, 杨雪清³^,⁴, 王建旭³

^1.贵州师范大学化学与材料科学学院，贵阳 550025
^2.爱丁堡大学地球科学学院，爱丁堡 EH89YL 英国
^3.中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室，贵阳 550081
^4.中国科学院大学，北京 100049

收稿日期:2025-05-26 出版日期:2026-01-26 发布日期:2026-02-04
通讯作者: 邢英，女，博士，教授，研究方向：重金属土壤环境化学；E-mail: xy31034@163.com
作者简介:杨跃琴，女，硕士研究生，研究方向：环境污染化学；E-mail: yangyueqin3569@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42222305);国家自然科学基金项目(42162008);贵州省重大科技专项项目(黔科合重大［2025］002);贵州省“百千万人才引进计划”第八批“千人创新创业人才”项目(GZQ202208090);贵州师范大学学术新苗项目黔师新苗［2022］25号

Expression and Functional Analysis of OsMATE34 in Rice under Mercury Stress

YANG Yue-qin¹(), XING Ying¹(), ZHONG Zi-he²^,³, TIAN Wei-jun³^,⁴, YANG Xue-qing³^,⁴, WANG Jian-xu³

^1.School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025
^2.School of Earth Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH89YL, UK
^3.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081
^4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Received:2025-05-26 Published:2026-01-26 Online:2026-02-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的多药和有毒化合物外排转运蛋白（MATE）在植物营养物质吸收、次生代谢物转运、重金属和外源物质解毒等方面发挥重要的调控作用。研究水稻OsMATE34的生物学功能，为深入理解水稻富集MeHg的分子机制奠定基础，亦为培育低MeHg水稻品种提供科学参考。方法通过生物信息学方法，分析OsMATE34的理化性质和系统进化树，利用实时荧光定量PCR（RT-qPCR）检测MeHg胁迫下水稻不同组织OsMATE34的相对表达量，并研究MeHg胁迫后水稻不同组织MeHg含量，用以分析其表达量与MeHg含量之间的相关性。利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术，获得1个OsMATE34敲除株系，在苗期进行MeHg处理，测定野生型（WT）和osmate34水稻中MeHg含量，探究OsMATE34对水稻MeHg积累的影响。结果水稻OsMATE34基因位于8号染色体上，编码489个氨基酸，其编码蛋白的相对分子量为51.60 kD，理论等电点（isoelectric point, pI）为5.6，为疏水性蛋白。RT-qPCR结果显示，MeHg胁迫抑制OsMATE34在根部表达；叶鞘和叶中OsMATE34表达量随着MeHg浓度升高显著上调，其中80 nmol/L甲基汞处理时叶鞘中基因表达较对照上调20倍。随着MeHg浓度升高，水稻不同组织MeHg含量均呈上升趋势，根中MeHg含量远高于叶鞘和叶。水稻叶鞘和叶中OsMATE34基因的表达量与MeHg含量随着MeHg胁迫浓度升高呈显著的正相关关系。与野生型相比，OsMATE34敲除株系叶鞘、叶和木质部MeHg含量均显著下降，根中MeHg含量无显著差异。结论 OsMATE34基因参与MeHg由根向地上部的转运，为后续研究水稻吸收转运MeHg的分子机制奠定基础。

关键词: 甲基汞, 水稻, OsMATE34, 表达分析

Abstract:

Objective The multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporter (MATE) plays a significant regulatory role in plant nutrient absorption, secondary metabolite transport, and detoxification of heavy metals and exogenous substances. Studying biological function of OsMATE34 in rice (Oryza sativa) may lay a foundation for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying MeHg accumulation in rice, and provide scientific reference for the breeding of low-MeHg rice varieties. Method Bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the physicochemical properties and phylogenetic tree of OsMATE34. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the relative expressions of OsMATE34 in different rice tissues under MeHg stress. The MeHg contents in different tissues of rice after MeHg exposure were measured, and the correlation between gene expressions and MeHg content was analyzed. A CRISPR/Cas9-mediated OsMATE34 knockout line was generated, and MeHg treatment was performed on seedlings. The MeHg contents in wild-type (WT) and osmate34 rice lines were measured to explore the effects of OsMATE34 on MeHg absorption and transport. Result The OsMATE34 gene was located on chromosome 8, encoding a protein of 489 amino acids with a relative molecular weight of 51.60 kD and a theoretical isoelectric point (pI) of 5.6. The protein was hydrophobic. RT-qPCR showed that MeHg stress inhibited the expression of OsMATE34 in roots, The expressions of OsMATE34 in the leaf sheath and leaves were significantly up-regulated with the increase of MeHg concentration, and the gene expression in stems was 20-fold higher than that of the control when treated with 80 nmol/L MeHg. The MeHg contents in rice tissues increased under MeHg stress, with the root accumulating significantly higher MeHg than the leaf sheath and leaf. There was a significant positive correlation between OsMATE34 gene expression and MeHg content in rice leaf sheath and leaves with the increase of MeHg concentration. Compared to the wild-type, the OsMATE34 knockout lines showed a significant reduction in MeHg content in the leaf sheath, leaf, and xylem, while there was no significant difference in the root. Conclusion The OsMATE34 gene is involved in the transport of MeHg from the root to the aboveground tissues. This study provides a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanisms of MeHg absorption and transport in rice.

Key words: MeHg, rice, OsMATE34, expression analysis

杨跃琴, 邢英, 仲子荷, 田维军, 杨雪清, 王建旭. 甲基汞胁迫下水稻OsMATE34的表达及功能分析[J]. 生物技术通报, 2026, 42(1): 86-94.

YANG Yue-qin, XING Ying, ZHONG Zi-he, TIAN Wei-jun, YANG Xue-qing, WANG Jian-xu. Expression and Functional Analysis of OsMATE34 in Rice under Mercury Stress[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(1): 86-94.

图/表 9

表1 RT-qPCR引物序列

Table 1 Primer sequence for RT-qPCR

引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence（5'-3'）
OsMATE34-qF	CATGAGACAAAGCGGCTGTG
OsMATE34-qR	TGAACATGGTGGTCACGGAG
OsActin-qF	GAGTATGATGAGTCGGGTCCAG
OsActin-qR	ACACCAACAATCCCAAACAGAG

图1 OsMATE34蛋白亲/疏水性分析得分大于0的区域代表OsMATE34的疏水区，小于0的区域代表OsMATE34的亲水区

Fig. 1 Analysis of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of OsMATE34 proteinRegions with values above 0 are OsMATE34 hydrophobic in character. Regions with values less than 0 are OsMATE34 hydrophilic in character

图2 OsMATE34蛋白质的二、三级结构预测A：OsMATE34的二级结构，蓝色表示α-螺旋，紫色表示延伸链，黄色表示无规则卷曲，横坐标表示每个氨基酸残基在OsMATE34上的位置；B：OsMATE34的三级结构，深蓝色表示α-螺旋，浅蓝色表示无规则卷曲，橙色表示延伸链

Fig. 2 Secondary and tertiary structure prediction of OsMATE34 proteinA: The secondary structure of OsMATE34, where blue indicates α-helix, purple indicates extended chain, yellow indicates irregular curl, and the abscissa indicates the position of each residue in the amino acid sequence of OsMATE34. B: The tertiary structure of OsMATE34, where dark blue indicates α-helix, light blue indicates irregular curl, and orange indicates extended chain

图3 OsMATE34 的同源蛋白的系统进化分析

Fig. 3 Phylogenetic analysis of OsMATE34 homologous proteins

图4 OsMATE34蛋白的顺式作用元件分析不同颜色的方块代表生长素响应元件的一部分（蓝色）、脱落酸诱导顺式作用元件（深黄色）、厌氧诱导顺式作用元件（紫色）、生长素调控顺式作用元件（粉色）、茉莉酸甲酯诱导顺式作用元件（绿色）、参与玉米醇溶蛋白代谢调节的顺式作用调节元件（黄色）、与分生组织表达有关的顺式作用调控元件（浅绿色）、参与厌氧特异性诱导的增强子样元件（灰色）、赤霉素反应元件（浅黄色）、MYBHv1结合位点（浅粉色）

Fig. 4 Analysis of cis-acting elements of OsMATE34 proteinThe different colored squares indicate a portion of the growth hormone response element (blue), abscisic acid-induced cis-acting element (dark yellow), anaerobic-induced cis-acting element (purple), growth hormone-regulated cis-acting element (pink), methyl jasmonate-induced cis-acting element (green), cis-acting regulator involved in the regulation of zeinolysin metabolism (yellow), cis-acting related to the expression of meristematic tissue action regulatory element (light green), enhancer-like element involved in hypoxia-specific induction (gray), gibberellin-responsive element (light yellow), and MYBHv1 binding site (light pink)

图5 OsMATE34响应MeHg胁迫表达量分析** P<0.01， *** P<0.001

Fig. 5 Expression analysis of OsMATE34 under MeHg stress

图6 水稻各组织中MeHg浓度变化不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）

Fig. 6 Variation in MeHg concentration in rice tissuesDifferent lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments (P<0.05)

图7 OsMATE34基因表达量与甲基汞含量的相关性分析

Fig. 7 Correlation analysis of OsMATE34 expression and MeHg concentration

图8 osmate34和WT水培条件下的生长情况、MeHg含量A：OsMATE34突变靶标位点；B：osmate34和WT不同组织生物量；C：osmate34和WT的生长表型，比例尺=10 cm；D：osmate34和WT不同组织MeHg含量；E：osmate34和WT木质部中MeHg含量；* 表示相同条件下与野生型相比，0.05 水平上差异显著

Fig. 8 Growth conditions and MeHg contents of osmate34 and WT under hydroponic conditionsA: Mutated target site of OsMATE34 gene. B: Biomasses of osmate34 and WT in different tissues. C: Plant phenotypes of osmate34 and WT, scale =10 cm. D: MeHg contents of osmate34 and WT in different tissues. E: MeHg contents of osmate34 and WT in xylem sap. * indicates statistically significant difference in comparison to WT at P<0.05

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甲基汞胁迫下水稻OsMATE34的表达及功能分析

Expression and Functional Analysis of OsMATE34 in Rice under Mercury Stress

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