Abstract: The traditional culture method and high-throughput sequencing technology were used to study the diversity,structure and composition of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of different tea planting years（5-,10-,and 20-year）,and to analyze the correlation between physical and chemical properties of tea tree soil and bacterial community,which may provide a reference for improving the soil of tea trees and increasing the yield of tea trees. The results showed that both methods indicated that there were significant differences in the bacterial community structure of rhizosphere in different tea planting years. The bacterial diversity of 5- and 10-year tea trees was significantly higher than that of 20-year tea trees. The culture method revealed that thick-walled bacteria（Firmicutes and Bacillus）were dominant phyla,and high-throughput sequencing techniques yielded that Acidobacteria,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Candidatus_Udaeobacter were dominant genus. Total nitrogen,total potassium,total phosphorus and pH were the key physical and chemical factors affecting the bacterial community of tea plants. With the increase of tea planting years,measures should be taken to prevent soil acidification and appropriate nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer should be increased.

Key words: tea planting years, rhizosphere soil, bacterial diversity, culture method and high-throughput sequencing, physicochemical properties