Effect of Soil-casing Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus on Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Soil

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-1126

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the feasibility of reducing the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soil using edible fungi soil-casing cultivation mode. Method The abundance of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in soil under soil-casing cultivation mode of Pleurotus ostreatus was investigated by high-throughput fluorescence quantitative PCR. The differences in soil bacterial communities before and after the formation of fruiting bodies were analyzed by using 16S rRNA sequencing. Co-occurrence patterns among ARGs, MGEs and bacterial communities were analyzed by using network analysis. Result After P. ostreatus cultivation, the total relative abundance of ARGs decreased by 34.62% (P<0.01), and the total absolute abundance decreased by 48.56% (P<0.01), with significant reductions observed in aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, β-lactamase, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B, and tetracycline ARGs. The total relative abundance of MGEs decreased by 20.63%, and the total absolute abundance decreased by 32.99% (P<0.01). Bacterial community structure changed significantly (P<0.01), explaining 31.50% of the variation in ARGs, while the combined effect of bacterial community structure and MGEs explained 8.01% of the variation. Conclusion The proliferation and development of P. ostreatus mycelium in the soil changed the structure of microbial community and achieved the effect of reducing the abundance of ARGs in the soil. The method of using edible fungi soil-casing cultivation is easy to operate and requires no high temperature or fermentation treatment, which not only reduces the abundance of ARGs in the soil, but also enables the harvesting of edible mushroom, providing a new perspective for bioremediation of agricultural soils contaminated with ARGs.

Key words: resistance contamination, agricultural soil, edible fungi, microbial community structure, bioremediation

MI Chun-xia, Shu XU, WANG Shou-xian, LIU Yu, SONG Qing-gang, SONG Shuang. Effect of Soil-casing Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus on Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Soil[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(6): 335-343.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1 Number of ARGs and MGEs detected in soil samples

检测项目 Detected item	抗性分类 Resistance classification	检出数量 Number of detections
检测项目 Detected item	抗性分类 Resistance classification	S-CS	S-CG
ARGs	Aminoglycoside	24±1	26±1
	β-Lactamase	24±4	20±1
	MLSB	28±2	26±1
	Multidrug	22±2	18±0
	Phenicols	7±1	7±0
	Sulfonamide	6±4	6±1
	Tetracycline	26±2	27±0
	Vancomycin	9±2	7±3
MGEs	MGE	10±0	9±1
合计 Total		156±7	146±5

Fig. 1 Effects of soil-casing cultivation of P. ostreatus on the relative and absolute abundances of ARGs and MGEs in soilA: Total relative abundance of ARGs and MGEs. B: Relative abundance of ARGs in different resistance classifications. C: Total absolute abundance of ARGs, MGEs and 16S rRNAs. D: Absolute abundance of ARGs in different resistance classifications. *, ** and *** indicate significant differences at the P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.001 levels, respectively

Fig. 2 Effects of soil-casing cultivation of P. ostreatus on the relative abundance of integron and transposon genes in soil

Fig. 3 Changes in soil bacterial communities before and after the formation of fruiting bodies of P. ostreatus undersoil-casing cultivationA: Shannon index. B: Chao 1 index. C: Venn diagram of genus level before and after the formation of fruiting bodies. D: Abundance of bacterial communities at genus level. E: PCoA analysis of bacterial communities based on Bray-Curtis distance, ellipse boundaries indicate 95% confidence intervals of the corresponding groups

Fig. 4 Changes in soil physicochemical properties before and after the formation of fruiting bodies of P. ostreatus undersoil-casing cultivation

Fig. 5 Factors affecting the changes in ARGs of soil by soil-casing cultivation of P. ostreatusA: Co-occurrence analysis of ARGs, MGEs and genus-level bacterial communities based on Pearson correlation (ρ>0.8, P<0.01). Red and green lines indicate positive and negative correlations, respectively. The size of nodes is proportional to the number of connections. Red nodes indicate bacterial genera, yellow nodes indicate MGEs, and green nodes indicate ARGs. B: VPA analysis of changes in ARGs based on bacterial communities and MGEs

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