Research Progress in Genetic Transformation Technologies of Maize and Sorghum

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0397

Abstract

Abstract:

Plant genetic transformation technology, as a key method for crop genetic improvement, enables the stable integration of foreign functional genes to effectively regulate important traits such as plant growth and development, stress resistance, and environmental adaptability. The research on plant genetic transformation technology not only provides a key technical platform for gene function validation but also significantly promotes the establishment and development of precision crop breeding systems through the directed improvement of target traits. To achieve efficient and stable genetic transformation, researchers have been continuously optimizing and developing diverse technological approaches, primarily focusing on the effective delivery of exogenous genes and the high-efficiency regeneration of transformed plants. This review summarized the two primary methods for genetic transformation in maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), the biolistic method and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The review highlighted critical factors affecting the efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. And it also summarized key genes that enhance genetic transformation efficiency and their applications in plant genetic transformation. Additionally, the review summarized challenges and proposed strategies to optimize transformation systems using key regulatory genes. It also outlined the future research directions to provide insights for enhancing transformation efficiency and their applications in high-throughput molecular breeding.

Key words: maize, sorghum, genetic transformation, transformation efficiency, key genes

HU Lu, WANG Kai, XU Jing-yi, YE Li-hui, WANG Yong-fei, WANG Li-hua, LI Jie-qin. Research Progress in Genetic Transformation Technologies of Maize and Sorghum[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(9): 32-43.

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References 100

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基因 Gene	作物 Crop	品种 Variety	提高转化效率（倍） Improve transformation efficiency （fold）	文献 Literature
BBM	玉米 Z. mays	PHN46	20.5	［5］
BBM	玉米 Z. mays	PH581	42.3	［5］
WUS2	玉米 Z. mays	B104	1.8	［65］
WUS2	高粱 S. bicolor	Tx430	2.7	［66］
BBM＋WUS2	玉米 Z. mays	PHN46	22.4	［5］
	玉米 Z. mays	PH581	63.3	［5］
	玉米 Z. mays	HC69	12.2， 9.8	［67］
	高粱 S. bicolor	Tx430	1.9	［66］
GRF-GIF	玉米 Z. mays	B104	3.5	［6］
GRF-GIF	高粱 S. bicolor	Wheatland	7.7	［78］
WOX	玉米 Z. mays	A188	5.3	［7］

基因 Gene	作物 Crop	品种 Variety	提高转化效率（倍） Improve transformation efficiency （fold）	文献 Literature
BBM	玉米 Z. mays	PHN46	20.5	［5］
BBM	玉米 Z. mays	PH581	42.3	［5］
WUS2	玉米 Z. mays	B104	1.8	［65］
WUS2	高粱 S. bicolor	Tx430	2.7	［66］
BBM＋WUS2	玉米 Z. mays	PHN46	22.4	［5］
	玉米 Z. mays	PH581	63.3	［5］
	玉米 Z. mays	HC69	12.2， 9.8	［67］
	高粱 S. bicolor	Tx430	1.9	［66］
GRF-GIF	玉米 Z. mays	B104	3.5	［6］
GRF-GIF	高粱 S. bicolor	Wheatland	7.7	［78］
WOX	玉米 Z. mays	A188	5.3	［7］