Overview of the Protection Effect of Zinc on Mammalian Cell Damage

Abstract

Abstract: Zinc is one of the most important nutritional trace elements of human body. It is essential to the structure and function of a large number of macromolecules and cofactor to more than 300 enzymes. We discussed the involvement of zinc in antioxidant defense, DNA integrity and apoptosis regulation, which protect cells against toxic substances, such as heavy metals, hydrogen peroxide and alcohol.

Key words: Zinc, Oxidative damage, DNA repair, Apoptosis

Zheng Juanjuan, Zhang Yu, Xu Wentao, Huang Kunlun. Overview of the Protection Effect of Zinc on Mammalian Cell Damage[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2013, 0(4): 21-26.

References

［1］ Tapiero H, Tew KD. Trace elements in human physiology and pathology ：zinc and metallothioneins [J]. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2003, 57 ：399-411.
［2］ Faris NA AI, Ahmad D. Distribution of trace elements like calcium, copper, iron and zinc in serum samples of colon cancer-A case control study [J]. Journal of King Saud University Science, 2011, 23 ：337-340.
［3］ IPCS. International Programme on Chemical Safety ：Zinc.
Environmental Health Criteria, 221. ［S］ Geneva ：World Health Organization, 2001. http ：//www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ ehc221.htm ［4］ Prasad AS. Discovery of human zinc deficiency ：50 years later [J].
J Trace Elem Med Biolo, 2012, 26 ：66-69.
［5］ Scheiber IF, Schmidt MM, Dringen R. Zinc prevents the copperinduced damage of cultured astrocytes [J]. Neurochemistry International, 2010, 57 ：314-322.
［6］ Suntres ZE, Lui EM. Antioxidant effect of zinc and zinc-metallothionein in the acute cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells [J]. Chem Biol Interact, 2006, 162 ：11-23.
［7］ Faure P, Bouvard S, Roucard C, et al. Zinc protects HeLa-tat cells against free radical cytotoxicity induced by glucose [J]. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 2005, 18 ：269-276.
［8］ Ciesielska AS, Plewka K, Daniluk J, et al. Zinc inhibits ethanolinduced HepG2 cell apoptosis [J]. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2008, 229 ：1-9.
［9］任广达. 锌在细胞代谢中的作用[J]. 国外医学医学地理分册, 2008, 29（3）：99-102.
［10］ Wood CM, Farrell AP, Brauner CA（Eds.）. Zinc ［M］.// San Diego ：Homeostasis and Toxicology of Essential Metals-Fish Physiology. Elsevier, 2012 ：135-200.
［11］ Günther V, Lindert U, Schaffner W. The taste of heavy metals : Gene regulation by MTF-1[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2012, 1823 ：1416-1425.
［12］ Romemy IN, Vasak M. Advances in the structure and chemistry of metallothioneins [J]. J Inorg Biochem, 2002, 88 ：388-396.
［13］ Thornalley PJ, Vasák M. Possible role for metallothionein in protection against radiation-induced oxidative stress, Kinetics and mechanism of its reaction with superoxide and hydroxyl radicals [J].
Biochim Biophys Acta, 1985, 827（1）：36-44.
［14］ Schwarz MA, Lazo JS, Yalowich JC, et al. Metallothionein protects against the cytotoxic and DNA-damaging effects of nitric oxide [J].
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1995, 92 ：4452-4456.
［15］ Kimura T, Oguro I, Kohroki J, et al. Metallothionein-null mice express altered genes during development [J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2000, 270 ：458-461.
［16］ Shen H, Qin HH, Guo GH. Cooperation of metallothionein and zinc transporters for regulating zinc homeostasis in human intestinal Caco-2 cells [J]. Nutrition Research, 2008, 28 ：406-413.
［17］ Chung MJ, Walker PA, Brown RW, et al. Zinc-mediated gene expression offers protection against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity [J].
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2005, 205 ：225-236.
［18］ Cao GH, Chen JD. Effects of dietary zinc on free radical generation, lipid peroxidation, and superoxide dismutase in trained mice [J].
Arch of Biochem Biophys, 1991, 291（1）：147-153.
［19］ Quesada AR, Byrnes RW, Krezoski SO, et al. Direct reaction of H2O2 with sulfhydryl groups in HL-60 cells ：zinc-metallothionein and other sites [J]. Arch Biochem Biophys, 1996, 334 ：241-250.
［20］ Sagher D, Brunell D, Brot N, et al. Seleno compounds can serve as oxidoreductants with the methionine sulfoxide reductase enzymes [J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2006, 281 ：31184-31187.
［21］张清俊. 谷胱甘肽及其代谢产物对细胞信号转导的影响[J].
国外医学：生理、病理科学与临床分册, 2004（1）：14-17.
［22］ Oteiza PI. Zinc and the modulation of redox homeostasis [J]. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2012, 53（9）：1748-1759.
［23］ Cortese MM, et al. Zinc protects endothelial cells from hydrogen peroxide via Nrf2-dependent stimulation of glutathione biosynthesis [J]. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 2008, 44 ：2002-2012.
［24］ Cortese MM, et al. Nitric oxide-mediated protection of endothelial cells from hydrogen peroxide is mediated by intracellular zinc and glutathione [J]. Am J Physiol-Cell Physiol, 2009, 296 （4）：C811-C820.
［25］ Ho E. Zinc deficiency, DNA damage and cancer risk [J]. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2004, 15 ：572-578.
［26］ Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM. Role of free radicals and catalytic metalions in human disease ：an overview [J]. Methods Enzymol, 1990, 186 ：1-85.
［27］ Chevion M. A site specific mechanism for free radical induced biological damage ：the essential role of redox-active transition metals [J]. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 1988, 5 ：27-37.
［28］ Gibbs PN, Gore MG, Jordan PM. Investigation of the effect of metal ions on the reactivity of thiol groups in humans ：aminolevulinate dehydratase [J]. Biochemical Journal, 1985, 225（3）：573-580.
［29］ Powell SR. The antioxidant properties of zinc [J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2000, 130（5）：1447S-1454S.
［30］ Ho E, Ames BN. Low intracellular zinc induces oxidative DNA damage, disrupts p53 NFkappa B, and AP1 DNA binding, and affects DNA repair in a rat glioma cell line [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2002, 99 ：16770-16775.
［31］ Ho E, Courtemanche C, Ames BN. Zinc deficiency induces oxidative DNA damage and increases p53 expression in human lung fibroblasts [J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2003, 133 ：2543-2548.
［32］ Yan M, Song Y, Wong CP, et al. Zinc deficiency alters DNA damage response genes in normal human prostate epithelial cells [J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2008, 138 ：667-673.
［33］ Sliwinski T, Czechowska A, Kolodziejczak M, et al. Zinc salts differentially modulate DNA damage in normal and cancer cells [J].
Cell Biology International, 2009, 33 ：542-547.
［34］ Song Y, Leonard SW, Traber MG, et al. Zinc deficiency affects DNA damage, oxidative stress, antioxidant defenses, and DNA repair in rats [J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2009, 139 ：1626-1631.
［35］ Song Y, Elias V, Loban A, et al. Marginal zinc deficiency increases oxidative DNA damage in the prostate after chronic exercise[J].
Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 2009, 48 ：82-88.
［36］ Vogelstein B, Lane D, Levine AJ. Surfing the p53 network [J].
Nature, 2000, 408 ：307-310.
［37］薛永来. 肿瘤抑制蛋白p53DNA 结合结构域与靶基因相互作用的研究［D］. 天津：南开大学, 2009.
［38］王珊. p53 选择性调控分子Apak 在不同类型应激条件下的功能调控及其分子机制［D］. 杨凌：西北农林科技大学, 2009.
［39］ Sharif R, Thomas P, Zalewski P, et al. The role of zinc in genomic stability [J]. Mutation Research, 2012, 733 ：111-121.
［40］ Kunzmann A, Dedoussis G, Jajte J, et al. Effect of zinc on cellular poly（ADP-ribosyl）ation capacity [J]. Experimental Gerontology, 2008, 43 ：409-414.
［41］ Richardson B. Impact of aging on DNA methylation [J]. Ageing Research Reviews, 2003, 2 ：245-261.
［42］ Egger G, Liang G, et al. Epigenetics in human disease and prospects for epigenetic therapy [J]. Nature, 2004, 429 ：457-463.
［43］ Wallwork JC, Duerre JA. Effect of zinc deficiency on methionine metabolism, methylation reactions and protein synthesis in isolated perfused rat liver [J]. Journal of Nutrition, 1985, 115 ：252-262.
［44］ Duerre JA, Wallwork JC. Methionine metabolism in isolated perfused livers from rats fed on zinc-deficient and retricted diets [J].
Journal of Nutrition, 1986, 56 ：395-405.
［45］ Carraway RE, Dobner PR. Zinc pyrithione induces ERK- and PKC-dependent necrosis distinct from TPEN-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells [J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2012, 1823 ：544-557.
［46］ Yan M, Hardin K, Ho E. Differential response to zinc-induced apoptosis in benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer cells [J]. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2010, 21 ：687-694.
［47］ Fraker PJ, Telford WG. A reappraisal of the role of zinc in life and death decisions of cells [J]. Proceedings of The Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 1997, 215 ：229-236.
［48］ Telford WG, Fraker PJ. Zinc reversibility inhibits steroid binding to the murine glucocorticoid receptor [J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1997, 238 ：86-91.
［49］ King LE, Ashtiani FO, Fraker PJ. Apoptosis plays a distinct role in the loss of precursor lymphocytes during zinc deficiency in mice [J].
Journal of Nutrition, 2002, 132 ：974-979.
［50］张勤丽. 细胞凋亡机制概述[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2007, 24 （1）：102-107.
［51］ Telford WG, Fraker PJ. Preferential induction of apoptosis in mouse CD4+ CD8+ αβTCRε CD3ε thymocytes by zinc [J]. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 1995, 164 ：259-270.
［52］ Chai F, Truong TAQ, Ho LH, et al. Regulation of caspase activation and apoptosis by cellular zinc fluxes and zinc deprivation ：A review [J]. Immunology and Cell Biology, 1999, 77 ：272-278.
［53］ Aiuchi T, Mihara S, Nakaya M, et al. Zinc ions prevent processing of caspase-3 during apoptosis induced by geranylgeraniol in HL-60 cells [J]. Journal of Biochemistry, 1998, 124 ：300-303.
［54］ Liang D, Yang M, Guo BL, et al. Zinc inhibits H2O2-induced MC3T3-E1 cells apoptosis via MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways [J].
Biological Trace Element Research, 2012, 148 ：420-429.
［55］ Fukamachi Y, et al. Zinc suppresses apoptosis of U937 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide through an increase in Bcl-2/Bax ratio [J].
Biochem Biophy Res Comm, 1998, 246 ：364-369.
［56］ Zalewski PD, Forbes IJ, Giannakis C. Physiological role for zinc in prevention of apoptosis（gene-directed death）[J]. International Journal of Biochemistry, 1991, 24 ：1093-1101.
［57］ Roussel AM, Kerkeni A, Zouari N, et al. Antioxidant effects of zinc supplementation in Tunisians with type 2 diabetes mellitus [J].
Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2003, 22 ：316-321.

[1]	MA Yu-jing, DUAN Chun-hui, HE Ming-yang, ZHANG Ying-jie, YANG Ruo-chen, WANG Yong, LIU Yue-qin. Effects of Knockout of G0S2 Gene in Ovarian Granulosa Cell Proliferation, Steroids Hormones and Related Gene Expression [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(6): 325-334.
[2]	YAO Jin-dong, TANG Hua-mei, YANG Wen-xiao, ZHANG Li-shan, LIN Xiang-min. Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Aeromonas hydrophila Under Enrofloxacin Stress [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(4): 288-296.
[3]	DUAN Min-jie, LI Yi-fei, YANG Xiao-miao, WANG Chun-ping, HUANG Qi-zhong, HUANG Ren-zhong, ZHANG Shi-cai. Identification of Zinc Finger Protein DnaJ-Like Gene Family in Capsicum annuum and Its Expression Analysis Responses to High Temperature Stress [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(1): 187-198.
[4]	ZHAO Jing-ya, PENG Meng-ya, ZHANG Shi-yu, SHAN Yi-xuan, XING Xiao-ping, SHI Yan, LI Hai-yang, YANG Xue, LI Hong-lian, CHEN Lin-lin. Role of C2H2 Zinc Finger Transcription Factor FpCzf7 in the Growth and Pathogenicity of Fusarium pseudograminearum [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(8): 216-224.
[5]	HU Yan-jiao, CHEN Mei-feng, QIANG Yu, LI Hai-yan, LIU Jing, QIN Fan-xin. Alleviation Mechanisms of Zinc-selenium Interaction on the Cadmium Toxicity in Rice Under Cadmium Stress [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(4): 143-152.
[6]	XUE Xin-yue, YU Xue-ran, LIU Xiao-gang, MA Jia-xin, TIAN Lei, LI Pei-fu. Research Progress in Absorption,Transportation and Accumulation Mechanism of Zinc in Rice [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(4): 29-43.
[7]	YIN Xiao-meng, CAO Xue-wei, WANG Fu-jun, ZHAO Jian, ZHANG Hui-zhan. Celastrol and Apoptin Mutant Exert Synergistic Anti-tumor Effects by Enhancing Nur77-induced Apoptosis Pathway [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(7): 119-129.
[8]	ZOU Kun, LU Li-li, Collins Asiamah Amponsah, XUE Yuan, ZHANG Shao-wei, SU Ying, ZHAO Zhi-hui. Research Progress on Mechanism of Poultry Follicular Atresia [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(4): 185-191.
[9]	GUO Yan-xiu, CHEN Jing, WANG Yan-fang, SUN Chun-yu, WANG Yi, ZHANG Mei-ping. Roles of Dof Transcription Factors in the Regulation of Plant [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(5): 146-156.
[10]	ZHU Ping, DU Li-jie, MENG Kun, XUE Juan, YANG Jin, LI Shan. Research Progress on the Effects of T3SS Effectors on Apoptosis and Pyroptosis of Host Cells [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(4): 178-187.
[11]	HU Jian-ran, LI Ping, TIE Jun, JIN Shan. Study on Antioxidant and Antitumor Activity of Essential Oil from Flowers of Syringa oblata [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(12): 16-23.
[12]	LI Yan-wei, SONG Xing-hui, WANG Jia-jia, LIU Li, HUANG Ying-ying, GUO Chun. Establishment of the Real-time and Label-free Screening System for Tumor Cell Apoptosis [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(10): 220-226.
[13]	LI Wen-zong, LI You-fang ,Li Wei-hua ,WANG Lei. Effects of Leaf Spraying Fertilizer on Mineral Elements in Wheat Grain [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(6): 90-95.
[14]	ZHAI Yi-zhou ,LU Mei-ya ,ZHAO Jian ,WANG Fu-jun. Screening of a Gelonin Fusion Protein with High Cell-penetrating Efficiency and Its Anti-tumor Activity and Apoptosis Pathway [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(6): 204-212.
[15]	LI Wen-zong, LI Wei-hua, XU Miao-yun, WANG Lei. Analysis of Mineral Elements in Maize Kernel Treated with Leaf Fertilizers [J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(5): 110-116.