Control of Root-knot Nematode Disease by Compounding Biological Agents from Plant and Microorganisms

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0408

Abstract

Abstract:

Tomato root-knot nematode disease seriously affects agricultural production. The compound of two biological agents from plant origin and microbial source are used to control tomato root-knot nematode disease,trying to explore a new feasibility to meet the need of green agricultural production. Three strains（SJ5,SJ17 and SJ19）of killing second-stage juveniles（J2）of root knot nematodes were isolated from the soil by the dilution coating plate method with an inhibitory rate of 89.23%,87.95%,and 88.97%,respectively,and they were identified as Pseudomonas psychrotolerans,Chryseobacterium gleum and Bacillus subtilis by 16S rDNA amplification and sequencing. The plate inhibition zone method proved that there was no antagonism among the three kinds of biocontrol bacteria,and between the biocontrol bacteria and azadirachtin,thus they were suitable for compounding. Preliminary verification by pot experiment showed that the compound preparation treatment group from the filtrates by three kinds of biocontrol bacteria fermented for 48 h（the effective number of viable bacteria in the fermentation broth was more than 300 million/mL）and the azadirachtin diluent（1 000 times）was effective against root-knot nematodes The control effect of the disease reached 67.75%,and there was no significant difference in the control effect compared with the chemical pesticides（fluopyram and thiazophos）treatment group,and the tomato’s plant height,stem circumference,seedling and root biomass were all significantly increased. The preliminary conclusion from the potted experiment reveals that the compound scheme has the application potential to control tomato root-knot nematode disease.

Key words: Solanum lycopersicum, root-knot nematode, biological control, compound

SHU Jie, ZHANG Ren-jun, LIANG Ying-chong, CHEN Ya-qiong, ZHANG Juan, GUO Jian, CHEN Sui-yun. Control of Root-knot Nematode Disease by Compounding Biological Agents from Plant and Microorganisms[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(7): 164-174.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Morphology of strain SJ5,SJ17,and SJ19

Fig.2 Phylogenetic tree of SJ5

Fig.3 Phylogenetic tree of SJ17

Fig.4 Phylogenetic tree of SJ19

Fig. 5 Virulence determination of nematodes under microscope ① LB control;② SJ5 fermentation filtrate;③ SJ17 fermentation filtrate;④ SJ19 fermentation filtrate;⑤ Sophora azadirachtin dilution（1 000 times）. The bent body of the nematode indicates that it is in a living state,and the arc or straight shape indicates that it is dead or stiff and dying

Fig. 6 Differences in virulence test of different treatment groups * indicates a significant difference level 0.01<P<0.05,** indicates P <0.01,and n.s. indicates no significant difference

Fig. 7 Compatible test results A：SJ5 is used for coating,and SJ17 and SJ19 are dot-coated on the plate.B：SJ17 is used for coating the plate,and SJ5 and SJ19 are dot-coated on the plate respectively

Fig. 8 Effects of different treatments on tomato root system（45 d） The points where the red arrows in the picture point to represents root knots on tomato roots,that is,nodules formed by root-knot nematode parasites

Fig. 9 Control effects of different treatments on tomato root-knot nematode disease（45 d） Different letters refer to significant differences（P < 0.05）

Fig.10 Agronomic traits of tomato plants under different treatments（45 d）

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