Abstract:

The evaluation on the genetic diversity of potato germplasm resources（Solanum tuberosum L.）is the prerequisite and basis for genetic breeding, which may provide breeding materials for exploring the genetic background of potato germplasm resources and breeding new varieties. The genetic relationship and diversity of 52 potato varieties（lines）was evaluated by SSR markers, and the fingerprint was constructed. Sixteen primers with abundant polymorphism and good stability were selected from 25 pairs of SSR primers, and 147 polymorphic bands were amplified by 16 pairs of SSR primers from 52 potato varieties（lines）, and the average polymorphic band ratio was 64.71%. The average Nei's genetic diversity（H）and Shannon's index（I）were 0.14 and 0.24, respectively. At the similar genetic coefficient of 0.23, the 52 potato materials were divided into three categories by cluster analysis. Group I included 49 varieties（lines）, 46 varieties（lines）from North China, and 3 imported varieties（lines）from abroad, all of them were suitable for planting in North Shanxi province. Group II included two varieties, ‘Beifang 016’ and ‘Jinshu 16’, characterized by yellow potato skin and high dry matter content. Group III only included ‘Jinshu 15’, and was not clustered according to geographical origin. At the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.36, group I can be divided into 7 subclasses. Based on the principle of identifying the most varieties with the least primers, C59, S25, C33 and S151 were used to distinguish all varieties tested, and the digital fingerprints and molecular identity cards based on SSR markers were constructed. The genetic diversity of potato germplasm resources can be evaluated by using SSR markers, and different potato varieties（lines）can be accurately identified and traced by molecular identification cards.

Key words: potato, varieties（lines）, genetic diversity, SSR markers, clustering analysis, fingerprints, molecular identity card