启动子的选择及优化在酿酒酵母代谢工程中的应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0909

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）作为最简单的真核模式生物被广泛应用于生命科学的各项研究中。目前，大多数天然产物的主要生产途径是从原材料中直接提取，该方法效率较低，同时消耗了大量的生物资源，已逐渐被新兴的合成生物学方法所取代。其中通过改造酿酒酵母自身的代谢途径并加入异源代谢途径生产目标天然产物已成为一种高效的资源获取途径。通过对外源基因启动子的优化及改造，调控外源基因在宿主中的表达水平，从而协调宿主自身代谢途径，定向合成目的代谢产物是酵母合成生物学和代谢工程的研究热点。从构建酿酒酵母合成天然产物过程中启动子结构、类型及优化表达的方法进行了综述，为相关研究者利用酿酒酵母作为底盘细胞进行合成生物学的研究提供参考。

关键词: 酿酒酵母, 启动子, 合成生物学, 代谢工程

Abstract: Saccharomyces cerevisiae，the simplest eukaryote，is widely used in the life science as a model organism. So far，the majority of the natural products were extracted directly from organism，which has been gradually replaced by the approaches of synthetic biology duo to its inefficiency and consuming a lot of biological resources. Modifying its metabolic pathways and adding heterometabolic pathways of S. cerevisiae for target natural products has been an efficient approach of acquiring resources. The direct synthesis of target metabolites has become the research hot spot in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering of S. cerevisiae through optimizing and transforming the exogenous gene promoter，regulating the expression level of the exogenous gene in the host，and coordinating the metabolic pathways of hosts. Here we had a detailed introduction on the structures and types of promoters as well optimizing methods of expression in the process of synthetizing natural products from the constructed S. cerevisiae，which may provide a reference for relevant researchers to use S. cerevisiae as chassis cells in synthetic biology.

Key words: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, promoter, synthetic biology, metabolic engineering

王珂雯 ,尹雪 ,王宇 ,李玉花. 启动子的选择及优化在酿酒酵母代谢工程中的应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(6): 38-47.

WANG Ke-wen ,YIN Xue, WANG Yu ,LI Yu-hua. Application of Selection and Optimization of Promoter in Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(6): 38-47.

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