长链多不饱和脂肪酸EPA、DHA的基因工程研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2016.08.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

长链多不饱和脂肪酸（long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid,LCPUFA）对维持人体健康具有重要作用,对其需求逐年增加,但是由于环境污染与渔业资源的下滑,有限的鱼油资源越来越不能满足人们需求。运用现代生物技术人们已相继分离了多个LCPUFA合成相关基因,并阐明了多条LCPUFA合成代谢途径。通过转基因技术在高等植物中成功合成了对人体健康十分重要的长链多不饱和脂肪酸,尤其是二十碳五烯酸（EPA）,二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。综述了LCPUFA的合成途径及转基因研究的最新进展,分析合成LCPUFA存在的问题及解决方法,并对未来多不饱和脂肪酸EPA,DHA的基因工程研究进行展望。

关键词: 长链多不饱和脂肪酸, EPA, DHA, 转基因植物

Abstract:

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids（LCPUFAs）play an important role in maintaining human health. The demand of edible EPA and DHA has significantly increased in recent years. However,the fish oil resource is obviously reduced due to the environmental pollution and the decline of the fishery resources,thus can’t meet the demands of people. The researchers have successively separated multiple genes that involved in LCPUFA synthesis and clarified the multiple LCPUFA synthetic pathways. LCPUFAs,especially DHA and EPA,have been successfully produced in monocot and dicot plants through genetic engineering. We summarized the latest research progress of LCPUFAs bio-synthesis and genetic engineering in higher plants,and analyzed the issues of LCPUFA synthesis,then proposed the possible solutions,and had an prospect of LCPUFA by genetic engineering.

Key words: long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, EPA, DHA, transgenic plant

李文宗,王磊. 长链多不饱和脂肪酸EPA、DHA的基因工程研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2016, 32(8): 1-7.

LI Wen-zong,WANG Lei. Research Progress on Genetic Engineering for Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids EPA and DHA[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2016, 32(8): 1-7.

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