纳米硅和蜡样芽胞杆菌SS1共处理对烟草生长的影响

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0089

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的研究纳米硅和SS1共处理对烟草生长的影响，并探究其作用机制。方法以中烟101为实验材料，分别用纳米硅、SS1及纳米硅和SS1共处理，检测不同处理植株的生长指标、光合指标以及氮代谢相关酶活性和相关编码基因的表达。结果一定浓度的纳米硅、SS1及纳米硅和SS1共处理，均显著促进烟草的生长，其中纳米硅和SS1共处理促进效果最显著。经SS1和纳米硅共处理后的烟草株高、茎粗、叶片数及叶面积等地上部分生长指标均显著高于单一处理的植株及对照植株，并且根长、根重、根冠比等根系指标也显著提高；同时，研究结果证明纳米硅和SS1共处理较单一处理显著提高烟草植株的叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度等光合指标，提高植株硝酸还原酶（NR）和谷氨酰胺合成酶（GR）的活性及相关基因NtNIA1和NtGS1的表达。结论纳米硅和SS1共处理可通过改善植株光合性能，促进氮代谢，进而促进植株生长。

关键词: 纳米硅, 蜡样芽胞杆菌, 氮代谢, 生长, 烟草

Abstract:

Objective A growth-promoting Bacillus cereus strain SS1 was identified previously in our laboratory. The objective of this study is to examine the combined effects of silicon nanopowder and B. cereus SS1 on the growth of tobacco, as well as to explore the related functional mechanism. Method Zhongyan 101 was used as experimental material. Tobacco seedlings were treated with silicon nanopowder and SS1 alone or in combination, the growth and photosynthetic indexes, as well as the activities and gene expressions of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes of each treatment were detected. Result The nanometer silica and SS1 at certain concentration, and co-treatment of nanopowder and SS1 all promoted the growth of tobacco, and the promotion effect of co-treatment was the most significant. The above-ground growth indexes of co-treated tobacco, such as plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, and leaf area, were higher than those of the seedlings treated with silicon nanopowder or SS1 alone and the non-treated control plants; moreover, the root length, root weight and root-shoot ratio also significantly increased by co-application. Meanwhile, the results showed that the co-treatment of SS1 and silicon nanopowder significantly increased the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and other photosynthetic indexes of tobacco plants. The activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GR) as well as the expressions of related genes NtNIA1 and NtGS1 also more significantly increased by SS1 and silicon nanopowder co-treatment compared to treatment with SS1 or silicon nanopowder alone. Conclusion The combination of silicon nanopowder and SS1 may promote plant growth by ameliorating the photosynthetic performance and promoting nitrogen metabolism of plant.

Key words: nano-silica, Bacillus cereus, nitrogen metabolism, growth, tobacco

董栩焜, 车永梅, 王明硕, 罗政刚, 管恩森, 赵方贵, 叶青, 刘新. 纳米硅和蜡样芽胞杆菌SS1共处理对烟草生长的影响[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(7): 292-298.

DONG Xu-kun, CHE Yong-mei, WANG Ming-shuo, LUO Zheng-gang, GUAN En-sen, ZHAO Fang-gui, YE Qing, LIU Xin. Effects of Co-treatment of Nano-silica and Bacillus cereus SS1 on the Growth of Tobacco[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(7): 292-298.

图/表 5

表1 RT-qPCR引物序列

Table 1 Primer sequences used in RT-qPCR

引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence （5′-3′）
qRT-NtActin-F	GAAGAAGGTCCCAAGGGTTC
qRT-NtActin-R	TCTCCCTTTAACACCAACGG
qRT-NtNIA1-F	GTGTGGCCCTCATTCCAAGA
qRT-NtNIA1-R	CGTGCTAGTAGGCGTGTAGG
qRT-NtGS1-F	GGGTTTGGCATACATTCTTG
qRT-NtGS1-R	GTGTCTTCTTCACTGGGTGG

图1 纳米硅与SS1共处理对烟草株高、茎粗、叶片数和叶面积的影响图中柱上不同字母代表不同处理之间差异显著（P＜0.05），下同

Fig. 1 Effects of silicon nanopowder (Si) and SS1 co-treatment on the plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, and leaf area of tobaccoThe different letters on the column in the figure indicate significant differences between different treatments (P<0.05). The same below

图2 纳米硅与SS1共处理对烟草根长、根干重和根冠比的影响

Fig. 2 Effects of co-treatment of silicon nanopowder with SS1 on the root length, root dry weight and root-shoot ratio of tobacco seedling

图3 纳米硅与SS1共处理对烟草叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、水分利用率和胞间CO2浓度的影响

Fig. 3 Effects of co-treatment of silicon nanopowder with SS1 on the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, water use efficiency and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration of tobacco leaves

图4 纳米硅与SS1共处理对烟草氮代谢相关酶活（A，B）和基因表达（C，D）的影响

Fig. 4 Effects of co-treatment with silicon nanopowder and SS1 on nitrogen metabolism-related enzyme activities and genes expression in tobacco

参考文献 30

[1]	Mahawar L, Ramasamy KP, Suhel M, et al. Silicon nanoparticles: Comprehensive review on biogenic synthesis and applications in agriculture [J]. Environ Res, 2023, 232: 116292.
[2]	Sun YK, Xu JQ, Miao XY, et al. Effects of exogenous silicon on maize seed germination and seedling growth [J]. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 1014.
[3]	Mukarram M, Masroor A Khan M, Corpas FJ. Silicon nanoparticles elicit an increase in lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus (Steud.) Wats) agronomic parameters with a higher essential oil yield [J]. J Hazard Mater, 2021, 412: 125254.
[4]	Asgari F, Majd A, Jonoubi P, et al. Effects of silicon nanoparticles on molecular, chemical, structural and ultrastructural characteristics of oat (Avena sativa L.) [J]. Plant Physiol Biochem, 2018, 127: 152-160.
[5]	Kheyri N, Norouzi HA, Mobasser HR, et al. Effects of silicon and zinc nanoparticles on growth, yield, and biochemical characteristics of rice [J]. Agron J, 2019, 111(6): 3084-3090.
[6]	Yang M, Chen S, Chao K, et al. Effects of nano silicon fertilizer on the lodging resistance characteristics of wheat basal second stem node [J]. BMC Plant Biol, 2024, 24(1): 54.
[7]	郭树勋, 代泽敏, 杨然, 等. 纳米硅对低温下番茄生长发育及碳水化合物积累的影响 [J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2023, 31(5): 742-749.
	Guo SX, Dai ZM, Yang R, et al. Effects of nanosilicon on growth and development and carbohydrate accumulation of tomato at low temperature [J]. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2023, 31(5): 742-749.
[8]	Khan I, Awan SA, Rizwan M, et al. Silicon nanoparticles improved the osmolyte production, antioxidant defense system, and phytohormone regulation in Elymus sibiricus (L.) under drought and salt stress [J]. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2024, 31(6): 8985-8999.
[9]	Wang JJ, Li RC, Zhang H, et al. Beneficial bacteria activate nutrients and promote wheat growth under conditions of reduced fertilizer application [J]. BMC Microbiol, 2020, 20(1): 38.
[10]	Rezakhani L, Motesharezadeh B, Tehrani MM, et al. Effect of silicon and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on improved phosphorus (P) uptake is not specific to insoluble P-fertilized sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) plants [J]. J Plant Growth Regul, 2020, 39(1): 239-253.
[11]	Abdelaziz ME, Abdelsattar M, Abdeldaym EA, et al. Piriformospora indica alters Na⁺/K⁺ homeostasis, antioxidant enzymes and LeNHX1 expression of greenhouse tomato grown under salt stress [J]. Sci Hortic, 2019, 256: 108532.
[12]	王桔红, 史生晶, 陈文, 等. 枯草芽胞杆菌和3种放线菌对盐胁迫下鬼针草和鳢肠种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响 [J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(12): 112-120.
	Wang JH, Shi SJ, Chen W, et al. Effects of bacillus subtilis and three actinomycetes on seed germination and seedling growth of Bidens pilosa and Eclipta prostrata under salt stress [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(12): 112-120.
[13]	王丹, 赵毅, 宋婕, 等. 两种芽胞杆菌配施纳米铁对成药期党参根际土壤养分及微生物类群的影响 [J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2023, 29(5): 1261-1269.
	Wang D, Zhao Y, Song J, et al. Bacillus isolates coupled with nanoscale zero-valent iron influenced rhizosphere soil nutrients and microbial community during the medication period of Codonopsis pilosula [J]. Chin J Appl Environ Biol, 2023, 29(5): 1261-1269.
[14]	Akhtar N, Ilyas N, Mashwani ZUR, et al. Synergistic effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and silicon dioxide nano-particles for amelioration of drought stress in wheat [J]. Plant Physiol Biochem, 2021, 166: 160-176.
[15]	Kashyap D, Siddiqui ZA. Effect of silicon dioxide nanoparticles and Rhizobium leguminosarum alone and in combination on the growth and bacterial blight disease complex of pea caused by Meloidogyne incognita and Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi [J]. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot, 2021, 54(9/10): 499-515.
[16]	刘新, 车永梅. 植物生理学实验 [M]. 2版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2024.
	Liu X, Che YM. Plant Physiology Experiment [M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2024.
[17]	师展, 王科积, 刘涛, 等. 叶面喷施纳米硅提高水稻叶片镉固持量的机理[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2024, 30(12): 2366-2379.
	Shi Z, Wang KJ, Liu T, et al. Mechanism of increasing Cd retention in rice leaves through foliar application of nano-silicon [J]. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2024, 30(12): 2366-2379.
[18]	Alves DMR, de Mello Prado R, Barreto RF, et al. Nano-silicon and sodium mitigate damage by potassium deficiency in chicory [J]. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 16841.
[19]	张华珍, 徐恒玉. 植物氮素同化过程中相关酶的研究进展 [J]. 北方园艺, 2011(20): 180-183.
	Zhang HZ, Xu HY. Research progress on the enzymes during plant nitrogen assimilation [J]. North Hortic, 2011(20): 180-183.
[20]	李常健, 林清华, 张楚富. 高等植物谷氨酰胺合成酶研究进展 [J]. 生物学杂志, 2001, 18(4): 1-3.
	Li CJ, Lin QH, Zhang CF. Progress of the studies on glutamine synthetase in higher plants [J]. Joural Biol, 2001, 18(4): 1-3.
[21]	Kashyap D, Siddiqui ZA. Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and Rhizobium leguminosarum on growth, photosynthetic pigments and blight disease complex of pea [J]. Gesunde Pflanz, 2022, 74(1): 29-40.
[22]	Sarkar A, Pramanik K, Mitra S, et al. Enhancement of growth and salt tolerance of rice seedlings by ACC deaminase-producing Burkholderia sp. MTCC 12259 [J]. J Plant Physiol, 2018, 231: 434-442.
[23]	Abdelaal KAA, Mazrou YSA, Hafez YM. Silicon foliar application mitigates salt stress in sweet pepper plants by enhancing water status, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activity and fruit yield [J]. Plants, 2020, 9(6): 733.
[24]	Zhang Y, Liang Y, Zhao X, et al. Silicon compensates phosphorus deficit-induced growth inhibition by improving photosynthetic capacity, antioxidant potential, and nutrient homeostasis in tomato [J]. Agronomy, 2019, 9(11): 733.
[25]	Zhang Y, Shi Y, Gong HJ, et al. Beneficial effects of silicon on photosynthesis of tomato seedlings under water stress [J]. J Integr Agric, 2018, 17(10): 2151-2159.
[26]	周炎, 杨惠娟, 史宏志, 等. 烟草硝酸还原酶基因NIA1启动子互作蛋白的筛选 [J]. 中国烟草学报, 2019, 25(1): 116-121.
	Zhou Y, Yang HJ, Shi HZ, et al. Screening of interactive proteins of nitrate reductase gene NIA1 promoter in Nicotiana tabacum [J]. Acta Tabacaria Sin, 2019, 25(1): 116-121.
[27]	Yang M, Dong CW, Shi Y. Nano fertilizer synergist effects on nitrogen utilization and related gene expression in wheat [J]. BMC Plant Biol, 2023, 23(1): 26.
[28]	Fortunato S, Nigro D, Lasorella C, et al. The role of glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) in the improvement of nitrogen use efficiency in cereals [J]. Biomolecules, 2023, 13(12): 1771.
[29]	Liu XJ, Hu B, Chu CC. Nitrogen assimilation in plants: current status and future prospects [J]. J Genet Genomics, 2022, 49(5): 394-404.
[30]	Ahmed T, Noman M, Gardea-Torresdey JL, et al. Dynamic interplay between nano-enabled agrochemicals and the plant-associated microbiome [J]. Trends Plant Sci, 2023, 28(11): 1310-1325.