肠道微生物对疫苗免疫效果影响的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0162

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人类生命早期的肠道已暴露在有菌环境中,正常的肠道菌群能够通过形成菌群屏障,分泌次生代谢产物,调节宿主免疫等方式维持肠道内环境稳态。而疫苗是一类通过宿主免疫应答而发挥作用的药物。疫苗与微生物之间的相互关系目前报道较少,近年研究发现肠道菌群会对疫苗制剂产生一定影响。本文回顾了肠道菌群与疫苗相互作用的研究进展,希望对疫苗研发提供理论基础与指导。

关键词: 肠道微生物, 疫苗, 宿主免疫

Abstract:

In the early stage of human life,the intestinal tract has been exposed to bacterial environment. Normal intestinal microbiome can maintain the homeostasis of intestinal environment by forming microbial barrier,secreting secondary metabolites and regulating host immunity. The vaccine is a kind of drug that plays a role through the host immune response. There are few reports on the relationship between vaccines and intestinal microbiome. In recent years,it has been found that intestinal microbiome has a vital impact on vaccine preparations. This paper reviews the reports on the interactions between intestinal microbiome and vaccines,aiming to provide theoretical basis and guidance for vaccine research and development.

Key words: intestinal microbiome, vaccine, host immunity

陈斯谦, 吴边, 柳陈坚, 李晓然. 肠道微生物对疫苗免疫效果影响的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(12): 220-226.

CHEN Si-qian, WU Bian, LIU Chen-jian, LI Xiao-ran. Research Advances on the Influence of Intestinal Microorganism on the Immune Effect of Vaccine[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(12): 220-226.

图/表 2

图1 肠道微生物通过影响宿主免疫系统进而影响疫苗作用效果的可能路径

Fig.1 The possible pathways of affecting vaccine effects in intestinal microorganism by affecting the host immune system BAs:Bile acids. BAMs:Bile acid metabolisms. SCFAs:Short chain fatty acids

图2 多糖类口服疫苗作用原理及小肠中的微生物对其降解作用

Fig. 2 Reaction principle of polysaccharide oral vaccine and its degradation by microorganisms in small intestine

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