抗、感木薯品种对木薯绵粉蚧蜡质合成基因表达的影响

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-1190

生物技术通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 128-138.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-1190

• 薯类生物技术专题 • 上一篇

抗、感木薯品种对木薯绵粉蚧蜡质合成基因表达的影响

郭威(), 耿越, 梁晓, 刘迎, 伍春玲, 陈青()

^1.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室海南省热带作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心，海口 571101
^2.中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院海南省南繁生物安全与分子育种重点实验室，三亚 572000

收稿日期:2025-11-04 出版日期:2026-06-26 发布日期:2026-07-11
通讯作者: 陈青，男，博士，研究员，研究方向：抗虫育种与虫害绿色防控；E-mail: chqingztq@163.com
作者简介:郭威，男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：抗虫育种与虫害绿色防控；E-mail: gwei19513@163.com
基金资助:
国家木薯产业技术体系虫害防控岗位科学家专项(CARS-11-HNCQ);农业农村部农业资源调查与保护利用专项(NFZX-2021);基于机器学习的木薯绵粉蚧蜡质合成基因鉴定及其dsRNA效果评价(1630042025028)

Effects of Insect-resistant and Insect-susceptible Cassava Varieties on the Expression of Wax Biosynthesis Genes in Phenacoccus manihoti

GUO Wei(), GENG Yue, LIANG Xiao, LIU Ying, WU Chun-ling, CHEN Qing()

^1.Environment and Plant Protection Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Control of Tropical Crops Diseases and Insect Pests, Haikou 571101
^2.Sanya Research Academy, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya 572000

Received:2025-11-04 Published:2026-06-26 Online:2026-07-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的木薯绵粉蚧是危害木薯的主要害虫，其体表蜡质层是抵御外界胁迫的重要屏障。鉴定木薯绵粉蚧蜡质合成关键基因，并解析其在抗、感木薯品种胁迫下的表达规律，为通过干扰蜡质合成防控该害虫提供理论依据。方法基于NR数据库注释及已知蜡质合成通路，从脂质代谢相关基因中初步筛选蜡质合成候选基因，并采用RT-qPCR系统分析了木薯绵粉蚧在高抗品种C1115与高感品种KU50饲养条件下，各候选基因的表达模式；进一步针对表达高峰与粉蚧泌蜡关键期高度吻合，且在抗、感品种间存在显著差异的候选基因，在6种不同抗性水平木薯品种上饲养的表达动态进行检测，并分析其表达水平与寄主抗虫性的相关性，筛选关键候选基因；最后，聚焦关键候选基因进行酶活测定，并分析其与寄主抗虫性之间的相关性。结果共鉴定出9个蜡质合成候选基因（FAR1/2、FAD1/2、ACC、FAS1/2、ELO1/2）。其中，FAR2、FAD1、ACC与FAS1四个基因的表达高峰与木薯绵粉蚧泌蜡关键期高度吻合，且其在感虫品种饲养的粉蚧种群中表达量显著较高，而FAR2、FAD1和ACC三个关键候选基因的表达水平与木薯品种的抗虫性呈显著负相关，但仅FAR的总酶活性与品种抗虫性呈显著负相关。结论 FAR2、FAD1和ACC是响应寄主抗虫性并调控蜡质合成的关键基因。FAR2的基因表达及其总酶活性在抗虫品种中受到抑制，可能是制约木薯绵粉蚧适应性的重要机制。

关键词: 抗虫木薯品种, 感虫木薯品种, 木薯绵粉蚧, 蜡质合成基因, 基因表达

Abstract:

Objective Phenacoccus manihoti is a major pest of cassava, and its cuticular wax layer serves as a critical barrier against external stresses. Identifying key genes involved in wax biosynthesis in P. manihoti and elucidating their expression patterns under the stress of insect-resistant versus insect-susceptible cassava varieties will provide a theoretical basis for pest control strategies targeting wax synthesis disruption. Method Based on annotations from the NR database and established knowledge of the insect wax biosynthesis pathway, wax synthesis candidate genes were initially screened from lipid metabolism-related genes. The expression profiles of these candidate genes were systematically analyzed by RT-qPCR in P. manihoti reared on a highly resistant cassava variety (C1115) versus a highly susceptible one (KU50). Subsequently, for those candidate genes whose expression peaks closely coincided with the critical wax secretion period of the mealybug and exhibited significant differential expression between insect-resistant and insect-susceptible hosts, their expression dynamics were further examined in insects reared on six cassava varieties with varying levels of resistance. The correlation between their expression levels and host resistance was assessed to identify key candidate genes. Finally, enzyme activity assays were performed focusing on these key candidates, and their association with host resistance was analyzed. Result A total of nine wax biosynthesis candidate genes were identified (FAR1/2, FAD1/2, ACC, FAS1/2, and ELO1/2). Among them, the expression peaks of FAR2, FAD1, ACC, and FAS1 closely coincided with the key wax secretion period of P. manihoti, and their expressions were significantly higher in insects reared on insect-susceptible cassava varieties than in those reared on insect-resistant ones. Furthermore, the expressions of FAR2, FAD1, and ACC showed significant negative correlations with host resistance. However, only total FAR enzyme activity showed a significant negative correlation with cassava resistance. Conclusion FAR2, FAD1, and ACC are three key genes that respond to host resistance and regulate wax biosynthesis. The suppression of FAR2 expression and total FAR enzyme activity in insects feeding on resistant cassava varieties likely represents a crucial mechanism limiting the adaptability of P. manihoti.

Key words: insect-resistant cassava variety, insect-susceptible cassava variety, Phenacoccus manihoti, wax biosynthesis genes, gene expression

郭威, 耿越, 梁晓, 刘迎, 伍春玲, 陈青. 抗、感木薯品种对木薯绵粉蚧蜡质合成基因表达的影响[J]. 生物技术通报, 2026, 42(6): 128-138.

GUO Wei, GENG Yue, LIANG Xiao, LIU Ying, WU Chun-ling, CHEN Qing. Effects of Insect-resistant and Insect-susceptible Cassava Varieties on the Expression of Wax Biosynthesis Genes in Phenacoccus manihoti[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(6): 128-138.

图/表 7

表1 木薯绵粉蚧蜡质合成相关基因引物

Table 1 Primers for genes related to wax synthesis of Phenacoccus manihoti

基因名

Gene name

引物序列

Primer sequence （5′-3′）

退火温度

Tm （℃）

产物大小

Product size （bp）

FAR1

F： CTTGATGATGCTGGTGGA

R： TGGTTCTTTAGCCGATGA

51.8

51.6

190

FAR2

F： ATGATAACAGCGGCTTGGA

R： TTGTTGCCCTATTTCTACC

56.3

50.2

126

FAD1

F： GATGGCGTTAGGCGAAGGA

R： AATGCGGTCGTCGTGTTAG

60.9

56.7

102

FAD2

F： CTTCCAGTATTAGTTCCCGTAT

R： CGTGGTGGTAGTTGTGCC

53.1

54.5

223

FAS2

F： GGTGGTCTTGGTGGTTTC

R： CCTCCTTGTTGCCATCTT

52.2

52.6

137

FAS1

F： GTAGAGGAAACGCAGGAC

R： CCACTCAATAGCCAAAGC

49.5

50.9

107

ACC

F： AGCATTACCGACCTCCA

R： CTCGTCCATCGCTTCTA

50.7

48.7

193

ELO1

F： CACGGTCCGAGAATGAT

R： TTCCGAGCCACTGAGGT

50.5

53.3

177

ELO2

F： CGTGCTGAGAAAGAAGGA

R： TAGCGTTTGGCAAGATGA

51.0

52.8

332

18S rRNA

F： GAAAGGGAAGTTGAAGGC

R： CAAGCAAGCGAACAGAGT

51.7

51.2

131

表2 蜡质合成相关基因在NR数据库blastx结果

Table 2 The results of blastx search for wax synthesis-related genes in NR database

基因 Gene	目标序列ID Subject_id	相似性 Identity（%）	得分 Score	期望值 E_value
FAR1	ANN23959.1	90.7	989.2	1.2E-285
FAR2	ANN23960.1	90.9	933.7	5.1E-269
FAD1	QBM20313.1	98.9	758.1	4.7E-216
FAD2	QBM20314.1	90.3	678.3	2.8E-192
ACC	QGZ00537.1	80.0	3 805.4	0.00E+00
FAS1	UEV87819.1	67.9	3 359.3	0.00E+00
FAS2	XP_025208386.1	66.8	2 933.3	0.00E+00
ELO1	QAX90474.1	74.6	444.5	9E-122
ELO2	XP_018327719.1	74.7	436.4	1.6E-119

图1 抗、感虫木薯品种对不同龄期木薯绵粉蚧蜡质合成基因表达量的影响不同小写字母表示表达量差异显著（P0.05）。下同

Fig. 1 Effects of insect-resistant and insect-susceptible cassava varieties on the expression of wax biosynthesis genes in different nymphal stages of P. manihotiDifferent lowercase letters indicate significant differences in expression levels (P0.05). The same below

图2 不同龄期木薯绵粉蚧取食抗、感木薯品种后蜡质合成基因的表达量变化

Fig. 2 Variation in expressions of wax biosynthesis genes in P. manihoti at different nymphal stages after feeding on insect-resistant and insect-susceptible cassava varieties

图3 抗、感木薯品种对木薯绵粉蚧蜡质合成候选基因表达量的影响

Fig. 3 Effects of insect-resistant and insect-susceptible cassava varieties on the expression of wax biosynthesis candidate genes in P. manihoti

图4 木薯绵粉蚧取食抗、感木薯品种后蜡质合成候选基因的表达量变化

Fig. 4 Variation in expression of wax biosynthesis candidate genes in P. manihoti after feeding on insect-resistant and insect-susceptible cassava varieties

图5 木薯绵粉蚧取食抗、感木薯品种后FAR、FAD、ACC的总酶活性变化

Fig. 5 Variation in total enzyme activities of FAR, FAD, and ACC in P. manihoti after feeding on insect-resistant and insect-susceptible cassava varieties

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抗、感木薯品种对木薯绵粉蚧蜡质合成基因表达的影响

Effects of Insect-resistant and Insect-susceptible Cassava Varieties on the Expression of Wax Biosynthesis Genes in Phenacoccus manihoti

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