我国诱导多能干细胞研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2015.03.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 关于细胞重编程问题的探讨可以追溯至20世纪30年代。从汉斯·斯佩曼提出“胚胎诱导”概念开始，到20世纪60年代，约翰·戈登成功获得了经过体细胞核移植发育而来的爪蟾，再到1996年世界首例克隆哺乳动物克隆羊“多莉”的诞生，生物学家终于证实了高等动物的体细胞核能够通过核移植的方式重新建立多能性，但这一方法面临着很多社会伦理学问题，无法应用于医学实践。直到2006年Yamanaka小组诱导多能干细胞（Induced pluripotent stem cells，iPS 细胞），成功地绕过了这些伦理问题，诱导重编程才成为了当今干细胞生物学最为热门的研究方向。在诱导多能干细胞领域，我国一直位居世界前列，近年来更是在iPS技术的优化、机制研究和应用研究等方面作出了令世界瞩目的贡献，就这几方面做一综述。

关键词: 诱导性多能干细胞, 体细胞重编程, 表观遗传学, 机制, 重编程临床应用

Abstract: The research on somatic cell reprogramming can trace back to 1930s when Hans Spemann firstly proposed the concept of embryos induction. 30 years later, John Gurdon successfully obtained cloned Xenopus laevis through somatic cell nuclear transfer（SCNT）. Finally in 1996, the first cloned sheep Dolly was created through SCNT. This achievement clearly demonstrated that the mammalian somatic cell fates can be reprogrammed to totipotent state by SCNT. However, SCNT technology faced with both ethics issues and therapeutic application challenges. It is until the year of 2006 when Yamanaka group built up the iPS（induced pluripotent stem cells, iPS cells）technology which can bypass the ethical problems. Subsequently, the iPS technology has become the most popular research topic in stem cell field. In this particular research field, the scientists in China has made great contributions especially in the optimization iPS technology, mechanism studies and the application of iPS technology in translational medical research. In this review, the major progresses made by our countries’ scientists in iPS field are summarized.

Key words: induced pluripotent stem cell, reprogramming, epigenetics reprogramming, mechanism, clinical application

许锴,陈霞,高绍荣. 我国诱导多能干细胞研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2015, 31(4): 72-81.

Xu Kai, Chen Xia, Gao Shaorong. The Progress of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Research in China[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2015, 31(4): 72-81.

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