畜禽微生物耐药组研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-1195

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前,绝大部分抗生素用于给人类提供肉奶蛋等食品的畜禽,由此产生的抗生素耐药性对全球公众健康造成了巨大威胁。为了降低畜禽生产环节抗生素耐药性向人类的传播,首先需要明确畜禽消化道或产品微生物携带哪些耐药基因。耐药组指的是某个环境微生物群落全部耐药基因的总和,近年来对于畜禽生产过程中耐药组分析成为研究热点之一。本文综述了基于测序技术研究畜禽（猪、鸡、反刍动物）消化道以及乳中微生物耐药组组成及其影响因素的最新进展,并提出了未来研究方向,包括耐药组研究方法的标准化、基于宏转录组的耐药组基因表达研究,以及可移动遗传元件所携带的耐药基因等,旨在为调控畜禽养殖过程中耐药基因提供思路。

关键词: 抗生素, 耐药组, 耐药基因, 宏基因组, 畜禽

Abstract:

Most antibiotics are currently used in livestock production which provides humans with food such as meat,milk,and eggs;consequently,resistances to antibiotics cause a huge threat to the public health in the world. In order to limit the spread of antibiotic resistance from livestock production to humans,it is essential to understand which specific resistance genes are carried by the microbiota in gastrointestinal tract of livestock animals or products. Resistome refers to the collection of all identified antibiotic resistance genes in any given environmental microbiota,and resistome analysis becomes a hot topic in the research field of livestock production. First,we highlight the most recent advances in the resistome analysis and its affecting factors based on sequencing technique in the microbiota of gastrointestinal tract of livestock（piglet,chicken,and ruminant）,as well as in the milk microbiota. We also suggest future research directions,including the standardization of resistome analysis pipeline,research on the expression of resistome using metatranscriptomics technique,and the resistance genes carried by mobile genetic elements. This review aims to light on the regulation of antibiotic resistance genes in livestock production.

Key words: antibiotic, resistome, antibiotic resistance gene, metagenomic, livestock

马涛, 陆唯, 李松励, 樊霞. 畜禽微生物耐药组研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(1): 113-122.

MA Tao, LU Wei, LI Song-li, FAN Xia. Research Advance in the Resistome in the Microbiome of Livestock Animals[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(1): 113-122.

图/表 2

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