牛樟芝化学成分及其药理作用研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-1052

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,牛樟芝以其稀有的资源和独特的功效逐渐被人们关注。越来越多的研究表明牛樟芝子实体、菌丝体和发酵液中均含有大量三萜、多糖等功效成分,也有公开报道其部分化合物具有抑制肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎症等重要功效。本文对已公开报道的牛樟芝主要化合物、生物和化学合成及其药理功效等进行较全面的整理,对于牛樟芝产业的发展提出期望并指明方向,以期为牛樟芝在药物研究、开发、应用和提升牛樟芝商品化程度、市场价值等方面提供科学参考,促进牛樟芝在我国及世界的发展。

关键词: 牛樟芝, 三萜, 多糖, 合成, 药理作用

Abstract:

In recent years,Taiwanofungus camphoratum has been widely concerned for its rare resources and unique pharmacological efficacy. It contains a lot of triterpenoids,polysaccharides and other functional components in T. camphoratum fruiting body,mycelium and fermentation broth,and there are published reports on some of chemical constituents have many pharmacological effects such as anti-cancer,anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory and so on. This paper comprehensively sorted the publicly reported main compounds,biological and chemical synthesis and their pharmacological effects,and proposed the expectations and indicated the direction for the development of T. camphoratum industry,aiming to provide a scientific references for the study,development,and application of T. camphoratum,to increase the commercialization and market value of T. camphoratum and to enhance the development of T. camphoratum in China and all over the world.

Key words: Taiwanofungus camphoratum, triterpenoids, polysaccharide, synthesis, pharmacological activities

李晶, 冯娜, 王升陽, 林占熺. 牛樟芝化学成分及其药理作用研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(11): 14-31.

LI Jing, FENG Na, WANG Sheng-yang, LIN Zhan-xi. Research Progress in Chemical Constituents of Taiwanofungus camphoratum and Its Pharmacological Activities[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(11): 14-31.

图/表 9

参考文献 114

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序号No.	名称Name	序号No.	名称Name
1	Methyl antcinate A^[12]	23	Antcamphin K^[20]
2	Methyl antcinate G^[13]	24	Antcamphin L^[20]
3	Methyl antcinate H^[13]	25	15-acetyldehydrosulfurenic^[19]
4	Methyl antcinate L^[14]	26	15α-acetyl-dehydrosulphurenic acid^[16]
5	Zhankuic acid B^[15]	27	Antcamphin E^[20]
6	Zhankuic acid D^[16]	28	Antcamphin F^[20]
7	Antcin A^[17]	29	Antcamphin G^[20]
8	Antcin B （Zhankuic acid A）^[15,17,23]	30	Methyl antcinateK^[14]
9	Antcin C^[17,18]	31	Antcamphin H^[20]
10	Antcin D （Zhankuic acid F）^[17,18]	32	Antcin K^[18]
11	Antcin E^[13]	33	Dehydrosulphurenic acid^[16]
12	Antcin F^[13]	34	Dehydroeburicoic acid^{[16, 19]}
13	Antcin G^[19]	35	15-O-acetylganolucidate A^[21]
14	Antcin H （Zhankuic acid C）^[15,18]	36	Ethyl lucidenate A^[21]
15	Antcin M^[14]	37	Ethyl lucidenate F^[21]
16	Zhankuic acid E^[16]	38	3, 7, 11-trioxolanosta-8, 24-dien-26-al, 26-carboxylic acid, 11a-alcohol, me ester^[22]
17	Antcamphin A^[20]	39	3, 7, 11-trioxolanosta-8, 24-dien-26-oic acid^[22]
18	Antcamphin B^[20]	40	3, 7, 12-trihydroxy-11, 15, 23-trioxolanost-8-en-26-oic acid, 3, 7, 12-triketone, me ester^[22]
19	Antcamphin C^[20]	41	3, 7, 12-trihydroxy-11, 15, 23-trioxolanost-8-en-26-oic acid, 3, 7, 12-triketone, et ester^[22]
20	Antcamphin D^[20]	42	Eburicol^[23]
21	Antcamphin I^[20]	43	Dehydroeburicoic acid monoucetate^[16]
22	Antcamphin J^[20]	44	Epi-friedelinol^[24]

序号No.	名称Name	序号No.	名称Name
1	Methyl antcinate A^[12]	23	Antcamphin K^[20]
2	Methyl antcinate G^[13]	24	Antcamphin L^[20]
3	Methyl antcinate H^[13]	25	15-acetyldehydrosulfurenic^[19]
4	Methyl antcinate L^[14]	26	15α-acetyl-dehydrosulphurenic acid^[16]
5	Zhankuic acid B^[15]	27	Antcamphin E^[20]
6	Zhankuic acid D^[16]	28	Antcamphin F^[20]
7	Antcin A^[17]	29	Antcamphin G^[20]
8	Antcin B （Zhankuic acid A）^[15,17,23]	30	Methyl antcinateK^[14]
9	Antcin C^[17,18]	31	Antcamphin H^[20]
10	Antcin D （Zhankuic acid F）^[17,18]	32	Antcin K^[18]
11	Antcin E^[13]	33	Dehydrosulphurenic acid^[16]
12	Antcin F^[13]	34	Dehydroeburicoic acid^{[16, 19]}
13	Antcin G^[19]	35	15-O-acetylganolucidate A^[21]
14	Antcin H （Zhankuic acid C）^[15,18]	36	Ethyl lucidenate A^[21]
15	Antcin M^[14]	37	Ethyl lucidenate F^[21]
16	Zhankuic acid E^[16]	38	3, 7, 11-trioxolanosta-8, 24-dien-26-al, 26-carboxylic acid, 11a-alcohol, me ester^[22]
17	Antcamphin A^[20]	39	3, 7, 11-trioxolanosta-8, 24-dien-26-oic acid^[22]
18	Antcamphin B^[20]	40	3, 7, 12-trihydroxy-11, 15, 23-trioxolanost-8-en-26-oic acid, 3, 7, 12-triketone, me ester^[22]
19	Antcamphin C^[20]	41	3, 7, 12-trihydroxy-11, 15, 23-trioxolanost-8-en-26-oic acid, 3, 7, 12-triketone, et ester^[22]
20	Antcamphin D^[20]	42	Eburicol^[23]
21	Antcamphin I^[20]	43	Dehydroeburicoic acid monoucetate^[16]
22	Antcamphin J^[20]	44	Epi-friedelinol^[24]

序号No.	名称Name	序号No.	名称Name
45	1, 6-cyclo-1, 10-secoergosta-5, 7, 9, 22-tetraen-3-ol^[27]	50	Stigmasterol^[24]
46	Ergostatrien-3β-ol^[28,29]	51	β-sitostenone^[24]
47	Ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22-tetraen-3-one^[24]	52	β-sitosterol^[23]
48	Ergosterol peroxide^[29,30]	53	(14α, 22E)-14-hydroxyergosta-7, 22-diene-3, 6-dione^[22]

序号No.	名称Name	序号No.	名称Name
45	1, 6-cyclo-1, 10-secoergosta-5, 7, 9, 22-tetraen-3-ol^[27]	50	Stigmasterol^[24]
46	Ergostatrien-3β-ol^[28,29]	51	β-sitostenone^[24]
47	Ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22-tetraen-3-one^[24]	52	β-sitosterol^[23]
48	Ergosterol peroxide^[29,30]	53	(14α, 22E)-14-hydroxyergosta-7, 22-diene-3, 6-dione^[22]

序号No.	名称Name	序号No.	名称Name
54	14-dexyandrographolide^[31]	73	19-hydroxy-8(17)-labden-16, 15-olide^[31]
55	3, 19-dihydroxy-8(17), 11-labdadien-16, 15-olide^[31]	74	Pinusolidic acid^[31]
56	3, 19-dihydroxy-8(17), 11-labdadien-16, 15-olide, 13-epimer^[31]	75	2, 3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone^[38]
57	14-deoxy-11, 12-didehyd-roandrographolide^[31]	76	2, 3, 6-trimethoxy-4-methylphenol^[38]
58	Antrocin^[32]	77	2, 3, 6-trimethoxy-5-methylphenol^[37]
59	Antrocamphin A^{[19, 24]}	78	6-methoxy-4-methyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-1, 3-benzodioxol-5-ol^[37]
60	Antrocamphin B^[24]	79	2-hydroxy-4, 4’-dimethoxy-3, 5'-dimethyl-2’, 3':5, 6-bis(methylenedioxy)biphenyl^[37]
61	Antrocamphin C^[19]	80	4, 4’-dihydroxy-5, 5'-dimethoxy-6, 6’-dimethyl-2, 3:2’, 3'-bis(methylenedioxy)biphenyl^[37]
62	Antrocamphin O^[33]	81	2-hydroxybenzeneethanol^[29]
63	Antrodioxolanone^[24]	82	4, 5-dimethoxy-2, 3-(methylenedioxy)benzoic acid^[39]
64	2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(2-methylpropyl)-2-butenedioic acid, di-me ester^[34]	83	4-isobutylphenol^[35]
65	2, 3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone^[35]	84	5-methyl-1, 3-benzodioxole-4, 7-dione^[35]
66	2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydroxybenzoic acid^[24]	85	5-methoxy-7-methyl-1, 3-benzodioxol-4-ol^[40]
67	2, 3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1, 4-benzenediol^[35]	86	5-methyl-1, 3-benzodioxole-4, 7-diol^{[35, 40-41]}
68	4, 7-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1, 3-benzodioxole^{[19, 32]}	87	7-methoxy-6-methyl-1, 3-benzodioxol-4-ol^{[37, 40]}
69	2, 4-dimethoxy-6-methyl-1, 3-benzenediol^[36]	88	2-methoxy-6-methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone^[35]
70	4, 4’, 7, 7’-tetramethoxy-6, 6’-dimethyl-5, 5'-bi-1, 3-benzodioxole^{[32, 37]}	89	4-hydroxysesamin^[23]
71	(-)-sesamin^[23]	90	2-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenol^[29]
72	(+)-sesamin^[23]	91	3, 19-dihydroxy-8(17), 11-labdadien-16, 15-olide, 13-Epimer^[33]