烟草根际促生菌的筛选鉴定及促生性能研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0774

生物技术通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 271-281.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0774

• 研究报告 • 上一篇

烟草根际促生菌的筛选鉴定及促生性能研究

马耀武¹(), 张麒宇¹, 杨淼¹, 蒋诚¹, 张振宇¹, 张伊琳¹, 李梦莎², 许嘉阳¹, 张斌³, 崔光周³(), 姜瑛¹()

^1.河南农业大学资源与环境学院，郑州 450046
^2.宁波大学科学技术学院/宁波市农业种质资源挖掘与环境调控重点实验室，宁波 315300
^3.河南省烟草公司信阳市公司，信阳 464000

收稿日期:2024-08-11 出版日期:2025-03-26 发布日期:2025-03-20
通讯作者: 姜瑛，女，博士，教授，研究方向：土壤生态学；E-mail: JY27486@163.com
崔光周，男，硕士，农艺师，研究方向：烟叶生产管理与技术推广；E-mail: 1367483620@qq.com
作者简介:马耀武，男，硕士研究生，研究方向：土壤生态学；E-mail: 17516615069@163.com
基金资助:
河南省烟草公司信阳市公司创新项目(2022411500200092);贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司项目(2021-07);宁波市农业种质资源挖掘与环境调控重点实验室开放课题基金

Screening， Indentification and Promotion Performance Investigation of Tobacco Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria

MA Yao-wu¹(), ZHANG Qi-yu¹, YANG Miao¹, JIANG Cheng¹, ZHANG Zhen-yu¹, ZHANG Yi-lin¹, LI Meng-sha², XU Jia-yang¹, ZHANG Bin³, CUI Guang-zhou³(), JIANG Ying¹()

^1.College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046
^2.Ningbo Key Laboratory of Agricultural Germplasm Resources Mining and Environmental Regulation/College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315300
^3.Xinyang Branch of Henan Tobacco Company, Xinyang 464000

Received:2024-08-11 Published:2025-03-26 Online:2025-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的在烟草植株根际筛选出具有多种功能的促生菌，研究其对促进植株生长发育的作用效果，为促进植物生长和农田土壤环境改善提供重要的微生物肥料种质资源。方法从烟草根际土壤中分离出菌株，用Salkowski比色法测定产其吲哚乙酸（IAA）能力，用钼锑抗比色法和火焰光度法测定菌株的溶磷和解钾能力。结合形态、生理生化及16S rDNA分子鉴定筛选出的优势促生菌株。采用正交试验研究最适促生条件，并通过盆栽试验研究其促生效果。结果筛选得到一株高效多功能促生菌株沃尔夫节杆菌（Arthrobacter woluwensis）DY8，其产IAA能力达到36.7 mg/L、解钾和溶无机磷能力分别达到72.3 mg/L和148.6 mg/L，并可拮抗病原菌。其中，产IAA能力在装液量为30 mL/250 mL、pH为8、蛋白胨为氮源、葡萄糖为碳源时最高。烟草盆栽试验中接种菌株DY8与对照相比，土壤中IAA、速效磷、速效钾含量均显著增加。烟草的生物量及光合作用也都有所增加。结合主成分分析，表明DY8可以通过提高土壤中IAA含量来促进烟草生物量的提高；在小白菜和小麦盆栽接种DY8可以改善根系结构、促进了根系发育、提高地上部生物量。结论 DY8是一株兼具产IAA、溶磷、解钾的多功能促生菌，对经济作物、蔬菜、粮食作物有良好的促生效果。

关键词: 烟草, 根际促生菌, 沃尔夫节杆菌, 小白菜, 小麦

Abstract:

Objective In order to provide important microbial fertilizer germplasm resources for promoting plant growth and improving farmland soil environment, the growth promoting bacteria with multiple functions were screened out in the rhizosphere of tobacco plants, and their effects on promoting plant growth and development were studied. Method The strains were screened from the rhizosphere of tobacco plants. The IAA production of these strains was determined by Salkowski colorimetry,and their phosphorus- and potassium-dissolving abilities were determined by molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetry and flame photometry. The dominant growth-promoting strains were screened by morphological, physiological and biochemical identification and 16S rDNA molecular identification. The optimal growth-promoting conditions were studied by orthogonal test, and the growth-promoting effect was studied by pot experiment. Result An efficient and multifunctional growth-promoting strain Arthrobacter woluwensis DY8 was screened. Its IAA-producing ability reached 36.7 mg/L, potassium-dissolving and inorganic phosphorus-dissolving ability reached 72.3 mg/L and 148.6 mg/L, respectively, and it antagonized pathogenic bacteria. Among these, the IAA production capacity reached its highest when the liquid volumewas 30 mL/250 mL, the pHwas 8, peptone was used as the nitrogen source, and glucose was used as the carbon source. In the tobacco potted experiment, after inoculating with strain DY8, in comparison with the control group, the contents of IAA, available phosphorus and potassium in tobacco soil were significantly augmented and the biomass and photosynthesis of tobacco also increased. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results indicate that DY8 enhanced tobacco biomass by increasing the IAA content in the soil. In pot experiments with bok choy and wheat, DY8 treatment improved root structure, promoted root development, and increased above-ground biomass. Conclusion DY8 is a multifunctional growth-promoting bacterium that generates IAA, solubilizes phosphorus and potassium. It has a fine growth-promoting effect on economic crops, vegetable crops.

Key words: tobacco, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Arthrobacter woluwensis, Chinese cabbage, wheat

马耀武, 张麒宇, 杨淼, 蒋诚, 张振宇, 张伊琳, 李梦莎, 许嘉阳, 张斌, 崔光周, 姜瑛. 烟草根际促生菌的筛选鉴定及促生性能研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(3): 271-281.

MA Yao-wu, ZHANG Qi-yu, YANG Miao, JIANG Cheng, ZHANG Zhen-yu, ZHANG Yi-lin, LI Meng-sha, XU Jia-yang, ZHANG Bin, CUI Guang-zhou, JIANG Ying. Screening， Indentification and Promotion Performance Investigation of Tobacco Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(3): 271-281.

图/表 11

图1 菌株DY8与烟草黑胫病病原菌对峙结果

Fig. 1 Confrontation results between strain DY8 and tobacco black shank disease pathogen

图2 菌株DY8的菌落图和革兰氏染色图

Fig. 2 Colony diagram Gram staining diagram of strain DY8

表1 菌株DY8的生理生化特性

Table 1 Physiological and biochemical characteristics of DY8 strain

项目

Item

结果

Result

项目

Item

结果

Result

好氧性试验

Aerobic test

兼性厌氧

淀粉水解

Starch hydrolysis test

接触酶试验

Catalase

明胶液化

Gelatin liquefaction test

甲基红（M.R）反应

Methyl red test

硝酸盐还原

Nitrate reduction test

V-P试验

Voges-Proskauer test

柠檬酸盐利用

Citrate utilisation

图3 菌株DY8的16S rDNA 基因序列的系统发育树标尺代表每1 000个核苷中有5个核苷替代

Fig. 3 Phylogenetic tree of 16S rDNA gene sequence of DY8 strainThe scale indicates 5 nucleoside substitutions per 1 000 nucleosides

表2 菌株DY8促生能力培养条件正交试验结果

Table 2 Results of the orthogonal test on the culture conditions of the growth-promoting ability of DY8 strain

处理编号 Treatment code	C源 C source	N源 N source	pH	装液量 Liquid volume/（mL·250 mL^-1）	产IAA能力 IAA-producing capacity/（mg·L^-1）	解钾能力 K dissolvability/（mg·L^-1）
1	麦芽糖	尿素	6	30	10.42	34.35
2	麦芽糖	酵母粉	8	50	36.67	8.27
3	麦芽糖	蛋白胨	7	70	36.26	57.83
4	葡萄糖	尿素	8	70	0.00	8.67
5	葡萄糖	酵母粉	7	30	62.93	60.33
6	葡萄糖	蛋白胨	6	50	34.48	83.10
7	蔗糖	尿素	7	50	5.60	24.67
8	蔗糖	酵母粉	6	70	19.99	52.33
9	蔗糖	蛋白胨	8	30	59.09	43.72
产IAA能力
K1	27.79	5.34	21.63	44.15
K2	32.47	39.87	31.92	25.58
K3	28.23	43.28	34.93	18.75
R	4.68	37.93	13.30	25.39
最优组合	葡萄糖	蛋白胨	7	30
影响力顺序	氮源>装液量>pH>碳源
解钾能力
K1	33.48	22.56	56.59	46.13
K2	50.70	40.31	20.22	38.68
K3	40.24	61.55	47.61	39.61
R	17.22	38.99	36.37	7.45
最优组合	葡萄糖	蛋白胨	6	30
影响力顺序	氮源>pH>碳源>装液量

图4 接种菌株DY8对烟草盆栽土壤性质的影响*表示差异显著（P<0.05），**表示差异极显著（P<0.01），下同

Fig. 4 Effects of strain DY8 inoculation on soil properties of tobacco pots* indicates significant difference (P<0.05), ** indicates extremely significant difference (P<0.01), the same below

图5 接种菌株DY8对烟草生长的影响

Fig. 5 Effects of strain DY8 inoculation on tobacco growth

图6 菌株DY8对烟草土壤及烟草的主成分分析

Fig. 6 Principal component analysis of tobacco soil and tobacco by strain DY8

图7 菌株DY8对烟草土壤及烟草的相关性分析（A）和随机森林分析（B）

Fig. 7 Correlation analysis (A) and random forest analysis (B) of strain DY8 on tobacco soil and tobacco

图8 接种菌株DY8对小白菜和小麦根系的影响NS表示差异不显著，下同

Fig. 8 Effects of inoculation with strain DY8 on the roots of Chinese cabbage and wheat rootsNS indicates insignificant difference, the same below

图9 接种菌株DY8对小白菜和小麦生长影响

Fig. 9 Effects of inoculation with strain DY8 on the growth of Chinese cabbage and wheat

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烟草根际促生菌的筛选鉴定及促生性能研究

Screening， Indentification and Promotion Performance Investigation of Tobacco Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria

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