Research Progress in the Effects of Genetically Modified Crops on Soil Microbial Community

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-1422

Abstract

Abstract:

The safety of genetically modified crops is one of the hot issues in the world. Soil microorganisms play an essential role in soil organic matter transformation,nutrient mineralization,humus formation and soil structure improvement. Although transgenic crops have great potential in improving agricultural production,their potential effects on soil security and soil microorganisms need further in-depth study. This paper reviews the effects of insect-resistant,disease-resistant and herbicide-resistant genetically modified crops on soil microbial diversity and community structure. Then the paper puts forward the issues that should be considered in the evaluation of soil ecological security of transgenic crops,and makes a prospect for the future work.

Key words: genetically modified crops, safety evaluation, microbial diversity

WANG Ting, YANG Yang, LI Jin-ping, DU Kun. Research Progress in the Effects of Genetically Modified Crops on Soil Microbial Community[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(9): 255-265.

Figures/Tables 3

References 76

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转基因作物 GM plant	外源基因 Foreign gene	试验条件 Trial condition	监测期 Monitoring period/year	方法 Methods	结论 Conclusion
棉花	CrylAc、CpTI	大田	2	CFUs	对根际土壤微生物种群无显著差异^[22]
水稻	CrylAc、CpTI	大田	1	PCR-DGGE、qPCR	对根际土壤细菌和真菌群落组成及丰度没有产生显著影响^[23]
玉米	Bt	大田	3	T-RFLP	土壤有机质转化及所涉及的细菌和真菌群落没有不良影响^[24]
玉米	Bt	大田	3	T-RFLP、菌落PCR、U-焦磷酸测序	表达的Cry1Ab蛋白对连续种植Bt玉米的土壤和根系AMF群落的多样性影响较小^[25]
玉米	CrylAb	大田	2	T-RFLP、焦磷酸测序	没有对土壤生态系统有任何影响^[26]
玉米	Bt	大田	1	焦磷酸测序	土壤空间异质性对共生丛枝菌根真菌群落和植物生长发育的影响大于苏云金芽胞杆菌毒素基因的遗传修饰^[27]
棉花	Bt	大田	2	CFUs	对轻度嗜盐菌、溶磷菌、氨化菌、硝化菌和反硝化菌群落无显著影响^[28]
棉花	Cry1Ac	大田	3	CFUs	对巴基斯坦土壤安全没有较大影响^[29]
棉花	Bt	大田	3	CFUs、PCR-DGGE	对根际土壤微生物群落没有明显影响^[30]
棉花	Cry1Ac	大田	1	CFUs	对土壤的代谢、微生物活性和养分动态没有负面影响^[31]
棉花	Bt、CpTI	大田	1	qPCR、T-RFLP	对功能微生物无不良影响^[32]
棉花	Bt、CpTI	盆栽	1	PCR-DGGE	对土壤生态系统影响不大^[33]
玉米	Bt	温室	3	CFUs	对磷细菌和钾细菌影响不大^[34]
玉米	Bt	大田	1	qPCR	与对照BPP基因丰度相似^[35]
水稻	Bt	大田	8	ELISA	长期栽培Bt水稻不太可能导致Bt蛋白在土壤中的积累^[36]
棉花	CrylAb/lAc	大田	3	PCR-DGGE、qPCR、焦磷酸测序	对细菌种群大小和群落结构没有明显影响^[37]
棉花	Bt	大田	1	Illumina MiSeq测序	对土壤细菌群落结构没有影响^[38]
棉花	CrylAc、CpTI	大田	1	qPCR、Illumina MiSeq测序	对土壤细菌群落结构没有显著影响^[39]
棉花	CrylAc、CpTI	大田	3	焦磷酸测序	对土壤细菌多样性没有影响^[40]
玉米	Cry1Ie	大田	2	qPCR、Illumina MiSeq测序	对根际细菌群落没有显著差异^[41]
水稻	Bt	大田、培养皿	1	T-RFLP、qPCR	对土壤微生物群落没有不良影响^[42]
玉米	Bt	温室	2	Illumina MiSeq测序	对AMF多样性和丰富度和群落组成无显著影响^[43]
油菜	Bt	网箱	1	CFUs、Biolog微孔板	对可培养微生物数量和根际微生物碳源利用能力和功能多样性的影响不大^[44]
水稻	Cry1Ab	温室	1	RNA-SIP、SSU rRNA基因克隆文库	将cry1Ab基因插入水稻基因组,有可能改变水稻根际产甲烷菌群落的组成^[45]
棉花	Bt	大田	1	CFUs	在生长发育期和收获期根际细菌数量显著高于非Bt棉^[46]
水稻	CrylAb/lAc	温室	1	DNA-SIP、PCR-DGGE、 16S rRNA 基因克隆文库、焦磷酸测序	根际功能活性产甲烷菌的丰度与对照比显著降低^[47]
玉米	Bt	大田	1	Illumina MiSeq测序	对土壤微生物群落结构和物种多样性产生了一定影响^[48]

转基因作物 GM plant	外源基因 Foreign gene	试验条件 Trial condition	监测期 Monitoring period/year	方法 Methods	结论 Conclusion
棉花	CrylAc、CpTI	大田	2	CFUs	对根际土壤微生物种群无显著差异^[22]
水稻	CrylAc、CpTI	大田	1	PCR-DGGE、qPCR	对根际土壤细菌和真菌群落组成及丰度没有产生显著影响^[23]
玉米	Bt	大田	3	T-RFLP	土壤有机质转化及所涉及的细菌和真菌群落没有不良影响^[24]
玉米	Bt	大田	3	T-RFLP、菌落PCR、U-焦磷酸测序	表达的Cry1Ab蛋白对连续种植Bt玉米的土壤和根系AMF群落的多样性影响较小^[25]
玉米	CrylAb	大田	2	T-RFLP、焦磷酸测序	没有对土壤生态系统有任何影响^[26]
玉米	Bt	大田	1	焦磷酸测序	土壤空间异质性对共生丛枝菌根真菌群落和植物生长发育的影响大于苏云金芽胞杆菌毒素基因的遗传修饰^[27]
棉花	Bt	大田	2	CFUs	对轻度嗜盐菌、溶磷菌、氨化菌、硝化菌和反硝化菌群落无显著影响^[28]
棉花	Cry1Ac	大田	3	CFUs	对巴基斯坦土壤安全没有较大影响^[29]
棉花	Bt	大田	3	CFUs、PCR-DGGE	对根际土壤微生物群落没有明显影响^[30]
棉花	Cry1Ac	大田	1	CFUs	对土壤的代谢、微生物活性和养分动态没有负面影响^[31]
棉花	Bt、CpTI	大田	1	qPCR、T-RFLP	对功能微生物无不良影响^[32]
棉花	Bt、CpTI	盆栽	1	PCR-DGGE	对土壤生态系统影响不大^[33]
玉米	Bt	温室	3	CFUs	对磷细菌和钾细菌影响不大^[34]
玉米	Bt	大田	1	qPCR	与对照BPP基因丰度相似^[35]
水稻	Bt	大田	8	ELISA	长期栽培Bt水稻不太可能导致Bt蛋白在土壤中的积累^[36]
棉花	CrylAb/lAc	大田	3	PCR-DGGE、qPCR、焦磷酸测序	对细菌种群大小和群落结构没有明显影响^[37]
棉花	Bt	大田	1	Illumina MiSeq测序	对土壤细菌群落结构没有影响^[38]
棉花	CrylAc、CpTI	大田	1	qPCR、Illumina MiSeq测序	对土壤细菌群落结构没有显著影响^[39]
棉花	CrylAc、CpTI	大田	3	焦磷酸测序	对土壤细菌多样性没有影响^[40]
玉米	Cry1Ie	大田	2	qPCR、Illumina MiSeq测序	对根际细菌群落没有显著差异^[41]
水稻	Bt	大田、培养皿	1	T-RFLP、qPCR	对土壤微生物群落没有不良影响^[42]
玉米	Bt	温室	2	Illumina MiSeq测序	对AMF多样性和丰富度和群落组成无显著影响^[43]
油菜	Bt	网箱	1	CFUs、Biolog微孔板	对可培养微生物数量和根际微生物碳源利用能力和功能多样性的影响不大^[44]
水稻	Cry1Ab	温室	1	RNA-SIP、SSU rRNA基因克隆文库	将cry1Ab基因插入水稻基因组,有可能改变水稻根际产甲烷菌群落的组成^[45]
棉花	Bt	大田	1	CFUs	在生长发育期和收获期根际细菌数量显著高于非Bt棉^[46]
水稻	CrylAb/lAc	温室	1	DNA-SIP、PCR-DGGE、 16S rRNA 基因克隆文库、焦磷酸测序	根际功能活性产甲烷菌的丰度与对照比显著降低^[47]
玉米	Bt	大田	1	Illumina MiSeq测序	对土壤微生物群落结构和物种多样性产生了一定影响^[48]

转基因作物 GM plant	外源基因 Foreign gene	试验条件 Trial condition	监测期 Monitoring period/year	方法 Methods	结论 Conclusion
豌豆	Antifungal	大田	1	qPCR	对丛枝菌根真菌根系定殖无影响^[49]
油菜	Antifungal synthetic chitinase	温室	1	qPCR、RISA	对根际微生物多样性没有显著差异^[50]
油菜	Antifungal synthetic chitinase	温室	2	qPCR、CFUs	与对照的根际可培养真菌、放线菌和细菌的数量没有明显差异^[51]
棉花	T₂ chitinase	温室	1	CFUs、PCR-DGGE	对根际可培养细菌和真菌的数量和群落结构没有显著影响^[52]
马铃薯	4个Antifungal 基因	温室	1	CFUs	对AM真菌定殖没有不良影响^[53]
马铃薯	4个Antifungal 基因	温室	1	RFLP	对AM真菌正常定殖无不良影响^[54]
小麦	WYMV-Nib8	大田	2	PCR-DGGE、Band测序	对根际土壤微生物群落多样性和酶活性没有不良影响^[55]
小麦	WYMV RdRp	大田	1	PCR-DGGE、Biolog微孔板	与亲本间的根际微生物群落结构和功能多样性无差异^[56]

转基因作物 GM plant	外源基因 Foreign gene	试验条件 Trial condition	监测期 Monitoring period/year	方法 Methods	结论 Conclusion
豌豆	Antifungal	大田	1	qPCR	对丛枝菌根真菌根系定殖无影响^[49]
油菜	Antifungal synthetic chitinase	温室	1	qPCR、RISA	对根际微生物多样性没有显著差异^[50]
油菜	Antifungal synthetic chitinase	温室	2	qPCR、CFUs	与对照的根际可培养真菌、放线菌和细菌的数量没有明显差异^[51]
棉花	T₂ chitinase	温室	1	CFUs、PCR-DGGE	对根际可培养细菌和真菌的数量和群落结构没有显著影响^[52]
马铃薯	4个Antifungal 基因	温室	1	CFUs	对AM真菌定殖没有不良影响^[53]
马铃薯	4个Antifungal 基因	温室	1	RFLP	对AM真菌正常定殖无不良影响^[54]
小麦	WYMV-Nib8	大田	2	PCR-DGGE、Band测序	对根际土壤微生物群落多样性和酶活性没有不良影响^[55]
小麦	WYMV RdRp	大田	1	PCR-DGGE、Biolog微孔板	与亲本间的根际微生物群落结构和功能多样性无差异^[56]

转基因作物 GM plant	外源基因 Foreign gene	试验条件 Trial condition	监测期 Monitoring period/year	方法 Methods	结论 Conclusion
玉米	Pat	温室	1	PCR-DGGE	对根际细菌群落结构没有不良影响^[59]
油菜	Glufosinate tolerant	温室	1	Illumina MiSeq测序	对根际细菌群落组成没有显著差异^[60]
大豆	Herbicide tolerant	盆栽	1	CFUs	对土壤微生物种群没有影响^[61]
大豆	Glyphosate resistant	大田	1	Illumina MiSeq测序	对微生物群落结构的差异不显著^[62]
大豆	mEPSPS	大田	1	Biolog 微孔板	对根际土壤微生物群落功能多样性没有产生显著差异^[63]
大豆	EPSPS	大田	10	PCR-DGGE、焦磷酸测序	与对照间的微生物分类和功能丰度有差异^[64]
大豆	EPSPS	大田	1	Illumina MiSeq测序	在生长发育期和种子灌浆期对根际细菌群落有短暂的影响^[65]
水稻	Bar	大田	1	Illumina MiSeq测序	对土壤细菌的影响与常规稻不同^[66]
玉米	EPSPS	大田	1	Illumina MiSeq测序	根际微生物丰度存在一定差异,但对土壤细菌群落结构无显著差异^[67]