Isolation, Identification and Biocontrol Potential of Rhizospheric Fungus of Saposhnikovia divaricata

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0501

Abstract

Abstract:

Fusarium oxysporum and F. equiseti worldwide are the common fungal pathogens that cause a lot of damages on the growths of economic crops or medicinal plants. One ideal strategy for controlling the fungal diseases from F. oxysporum and F. equiseti is to utilize rhizospheric microorganisms. In order to obtain the biocontrol microorganisms against F. oxysporum and F. equiseti, 104 fungi from rhizospheric soil of Saposhnikovia divaricata plants were screened and isolated. Subsequently, strain MR-43 was selected as a potential stock for biocontrol due to the significantly antibiotic activity against F. oxysporum and F. equiseti. Based on the analysis of morphological traits and rDNA internal transcribed spacers（ITS）, strain MR-43 was identified as Sirastachys castanedae（GenBank No. OK287148.1）, belonging to a species in section Sirastachys of Stachybotryaceae, as a new record of S. castanedae from rhizospheric soil of S. divaricata. Based on the pot experiment under natural outdoor conditions, colonization rule in the soil of S. divaricate growing was studied, the antifungal efficacy of MR-43 against Fusarium wilt caused by F. oxysporum and root rot disease caused by F. equiseti of S. divaricata were assessed, and its growth promotion abilities of S. divaricata was also determined. The results indicated that MR-43 showed the strongest inhibition rate against F. oxysporum and F. equiseti, which showed up to 57% inhibition. The multiple test confirmed that the antifungal effect was relatively stable. The S. castanedae MR-43 successfully colonized and formed a stable population in soil where S. divaricata was growing. Inoculation of the MR-43 spore suspension delayed the occurrence of S. divaricata Fusarium wilt and root rot disease, suppressed disease lesions with a strong control efficacy of 68.52%, the control effect was not significantly different compared with fungicide treatment of 70% Mancozeb WP and 50% Carbendazim WP. Moreover, MR-43 presented a consistently positive effect on the growth promoting of S. divaricata plants. In nutshell, S. castanedae MR-43 could be considered for the developing potential biocontrol agent for the management of S. divaricata Fusarium wilt and root rot disease.

Key words: Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium equiseti, rhizospheric microorganism, antagonistic fungi, Stachybotryaceae, biocontrol, strain identification, growth promotion

SUN Zhuo, WANG Yan, HAN Zhong-ming, WANG Yun-he, ZHAO Shu-jie, YANG Li-min. Isolation, Identification and Biocontrol Potential of Rhizospheric Fungus of Saposhnikovia divaricata[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(1): 264-273.

Figures/Tables 9

References 36

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代表值 Representative value	分级标准Grading standard
代表值 Representative value	枯萎病Fusarium wilt	根腐病 Root rot
0级	植株健康，无枯萎症状	健株，无病斑
1 级	植株10%以下叶片发黄	全株10%以下的叶片发病
3 级	11%-25%叶片萎蔫发黄，开始下垂	全株11%-25%的叶片发病
5 级	26%-50%叶片枯萎发黄，开始脱落	全株26%-50%的叶片发病
7 级	植株茎秆瘦弱稀疏，51%-75%叶片发黄，并大量脱落	全株51%-75%的叶片发病
9 级	全株萎蔫发黄，整体脱落，严重枯死	全株76%以上的叶片发病

代表值 Representative value	分级标准Grading standard
代表值 Representative value	枯萎病Fusarium wilt	根腐病 Root rot
0级	植株健康，无枯萎症状	健株，无病斑
1 级	植株10%以下叶片发黄	全株10%以下的叶片发病
3 级	11%-25%叶片萎蔫发黄，开始下垂	全株11%-25%的叶片发病
5 级	26%-50%叶片枯萎发黄，开始脱落	全株26%-50%的叶片发病
7 级	植株茎秆瘦弱稀疏，51%-75%叶片发黄，并大量脱落	全株51%-75%的叶片发病
9 级	全株萎蔫发黄，整体脱落，严重枯死	全株76%以上的叶片发病

序号No.	尖孢镰刀菌F. oxysporum/%	木贼镰刀菌F. equiseti/%
MR-43	59.63±2.22 a	57.04±0.19 c
MR-38	56.30±1.28 b	23.89±0.19 d
MR-34	32.16±1.70 c	56.67±0.32 c
MR-24	22.36±0.92 d	61.85±0.31 a
MR-68	14.49±0.78 e	55.19±0.40 c
MR-37	11.55±0.82 f	57.78±0.26 bc
MR-70	9.91±2.31 f	60.00±0.35 ab

序号No.	尖孢镰刀菌F. oxysporum/%	木贼镰刀菌F. equiseti/%
MR-43	59.63±2.22 a	57.04±0.19 c
MR-38	56.30±1.28 b	23.89±0.19 d
MR-34	32.16±1.70 c	56.67±0.32 c
MR-24	22.36±0.92 d	61.85±0.31 a
MR-68	14.49±0.78 e	55.19±0.40 c
MR-37	11.55±0.82 f	57.78±0.26 bc
MR-70	9.91±2.31 f	60.00±0.35 ab

不同处理 Treatment	枯萎病Fusarium wilt		根腐病Root rot
不同处理 Treatment	病情指数Disease incidence	防病效果Disease control/%	病情指数Disease incidence	防病效果Disease control/%
A	13.55±2.23 c	73.21±2.36 a	22.66±2.18 c	63.83±2.36 a
B	16.00±3.11 bc	68.37±3.30 ab	23.44±2.11 c	63.44±3.30 a
C	22.18±3.72 b	56.15±5.35 c	32.07±3.66 b	49.99±3.35 b
D	19.59±2.28 bc	61.27±4.51 b	30.85±3.29 b	51.89±2.70 b
CK	50.59±4.29 a	—	64.14±2.18 a	—