Differential Accumulation of Carotenoids in Ludisia discolor under Different Light Qualities Based on Multiomics

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0379

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study is aimed to investigate the effects of different light qualities on the accumulation of carotenoid compounds in the leaves of Ludisia discolor and their molecular mechanisms, which may provide a theoretical reference for the standardized cultivation of this medicinal plant. Method This study used Ludisia discolor ‘Minre Yuanshuai’ to analyze the metabolic and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms under white light (W), blue light (B), and yellow light (Y) treatments. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and high-throughput transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies were utilized to obtain metabolomic and transcriptomic data, respectively. The white light group was used as a control to analyze the effects of blue and yellow light on carotenoid content, related metabolites and gene expression. RT-qPCR was adapted to verify the expression patterns of eight key genes closely related to carotenoid synthesis. Result The blue light treatment significantly increased total carotenoid levels in L. discolor leaves, whereas yellow light treatment caused no substantial changes. The metabolomic results implied that there were 23 differential metabolites related to carotenoid synthesis, including xanthoxic acid, abscisic alcohol, strigolactone ABC-rings, and neurosporaxanthin. Transcriptome analysis revealed nine differentially expressed metabolic enzyme genes (such as CrtZ, Z-ISO, PSY) and six key transcription factors (ERF002, ERF059, ERF066), which may regulate carotenoid synthesis in response to gibberellin, methyl jasmonate, auxin, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid signals. RT-qPCR confirmed that the eight key genes play a potential role in the regulation of carotenoid metabolism. Conclusion Under blue light treatment, ERF and bZIP transcription factors in L. discolor leaves regulate the expressions of downstream enzyme genes by binding to cis-acting elements related to gibberellins, methyl jasmonate, growth hormone, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid, leading to significant accumulation of carotenoid-related metabolites.

Key words: Ludisia discolor, light quality, carotenoids, transcriptome, metabolome, transcription factors, plant hormone elements

ZHANG Yu-xuan, ZHANG Shi-yi, CHEN Hui-fang, CAI Kun-xiu, LI Chen-ye, YANG Jun-jie, ZHENG Tao, QIU Ming-yue, YANG You-si-yuan, CHEN Ying. Differential Accumulation of Carotenoids in Ludisia discolor under Different Light Qualities Based on Multiomics[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(10): 98-109.

Figures/Tables 12

References 53

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基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	正向引物 Forward primer （5′-3′）	反向引物 Reverse primer （5′-3′）
CAC	Reference gene	TCCGACAAATTGGAGGTTGC	TGCTGCTGACAACAATCACG
PSY-1	TRINITY_DN3430_c0_g1	CGAAGATGCCACAGGGAAGT	TTCTGTCAGCTGCTGTGAGG
NCED	TRINITY_DN3795_c2_g1	ATCCATTGGAAGGGTTGCCC	ACAGGCCTGTTTTAGAGGACC
ZEP	TRINITY_DN761_c0_g1	AGGCAAAGCTTGAAATGCGG	AAGCTGCGGCACTGTATCTT
CrtZ	TRINITY_DN11602_c0_g1	CTGGCAATCCGGATCCAACT	TCCGACGTCAACGATCGTTT
Z-ISO	TRINITY_DN19139_c0_g1	TTGGGGCTAGAAGTTTGGGG	GCATGGTGCGAACTATAAGGAC
CYP707A-1	TRINITY_DN5732_c0_g1	TCTCCATGATCCGACTGCAC	GACCGAAAGTCGAGAGTCTCA
LUT1	TRINITY_DN5391_c0_g1	TCAATCTCCCCTGACCGTCT	CTTGAACCAGACAGCCCCTT
VDE	TRINITY_DN10121_c0_g1	AGCAAACGCAAACTCCCCTA	ACTAACCTGCATGCCCCAAA

基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	正向引物 Forward primer （5′-3′）	反向引物 Reverse primer （5′-3′）
CAC	Reference gene	TCCGACAAATTGGAGGTTGC	TGCTGCTGACAACAATCACG
PSY-1	TRINITY_DN3430_c0_g1	CGAAGATGCCACAGGGAAGT	TTCTGTCAGCTGCTGTGAGG
NCED	TRINITY_DN3795_c2_g1	ATCCATTGGAAGGGTTGCCC	ACAGGCCTGTTTTAGAGGACC
ZEP	TRINITY_DN761_c0_g1	AGGCAAAGCTTGAAATGCGG	AAGCTGCGGCACTGTATCTT
CrtZ	TRINITY_DN11602_c0_g1	CTGGCAATCCGGATCCAACT	TCCGACGTCAACGATCGTTT
Z-ISO	TRINITY_DN19139_c0_g1	TTGGGGCTAGAAGTTTGGGG	GCATGGTGCGAACTATAAGGAC
CYP707A-1	TRINITY_DN5732_c0_g1	TCTCCATGATCCGACTGCAC	GACCGAAAGTCGAGAGTCTCA
LUT1	TRINITY_DN5391_c0_g1	TCAATCTCCCCTGACCGTCT	CTTGAACCAGACAGCCCCTT
VDE	TRINITY_DN10121_c0_g1	AGCAAACGCAAACTCCCCTA	ACTAACCTGCATGCCCCAAA

序号No.	名称 Name	分子式 Formula	KEGG注释 KEGG_annotation
1	黄原酸 Xanthoxic acid	C₁₅H₂₂O₄	C13454
2	反式法呢基二磷酸酯 Trans，trans-Farnesyl diphosphate	C₁₅H₂₈O₇P₂	C00448
3	脱落酸醇 Abscisic alcohol	C₁₅H₂₂O₃	C13456
4	独脚金内酯ABC-环 Strigolactone ABC-rings	C₁₄H₁₈O₃	C18036
5	黄酮糖苷 Rhodopinal glucoside	C₄₆H₆₆O₇	C16271
6	螺旋黄质 Spheroidenone	C₄₁H₅₈O₂	C15903
7	3'，4'-二氢紫菌红醇 3'，4'-Dihydrorhodovibrin	C₄₁H₆₂O₂	C15887
8	前八氢番茄红素二磷酸酯 Prephytoene diphosphate	C₄₀H₆₈O₇P₂	C03427
9	羟基螺环菌素 Hydroxyspirilloxanthin	C₄₁H₅₈O₂	C15879
10	链孢霉黄素 Neurosporaxanthin	C₃₅H₄₆O₂	C08607
11	氯黄质 Chloroxanthin	C₄₀H₆₀O	C15892
12	黄质醛 Xanthoxin	C₁₅H₂₂O₃	C13453
13	脱落酸葡萄糖酯 Abscisic acid glucose ester	C₂₁H₃₀O₉	C15970
14	脱落酸 Abscisate	C₁₅H₂₀O₄	C06082
15	独角金醇 Strigol	C₁₉H₂₂O₆	C09190
16	8'-羟基脱落物 8'-Hydroxyabscisate	C₁₅H₂₀O₅	C15514
17	螺旋黄质 Spirilloxanthin	C₄₂H₆₀O₂	C15881
18	玉米黄质二葡萄糖苷 Zeaxanthin diglucoside	C₅₂H₇₆O₁₂	C15969
19	（2'S）-脱氧麦芽醇2'-（2，4-二-O-甲基-α-L-葡萄糖苷）（2'S）-Deoxymyxol 2'-（2，4-di-O-methyl-alpha-L-fucoside）	C₄₈H₇₀O₆	C15935
20	脱落醛 Abscisic aldehyde	C₁₅H₂₀O₃	C13455
21	叶黄素 Lutein	C₄₀H₅₆O₂	C08601
22	二氢相酸 Dihydrophaseic acid	C₁₅H₂₂O₅	C15971
23	视紫红醛 Rhodopinal	C₄₀H₅₆O₂	C16270

序号No.	名称 Name	分子式 Formula	KEGG注释 KEGG_annotation
1	黄原酸 Xanthoxic acid	C₁₅H₂₂O₄	C13454
2	反式法呢基二磷酸酯 Trans，trans-Farnesyl diphosphate	C₁₅H₂₈O₇P₂	C00448
3	脱落酸醇 Abscisic alcohol	C₁₅H₂₂O₃	C13456
4	独脚金内酯ABC-环 Strigolactone ABC-rings	C₁₄H₁₈O₃	C18036
5	黄酮糖苷 Rhodopinal glucoside	C₄₆H₆₆O₇	C16271
6	螺旋黄质 Spheroidenone	C₄₁H₅₈O₂	C15903
7	3'，4'-二氢紫菌红醇 3'，4'-Dihydrorhodovibrin	C₄₁H₆₂O₂	C15887
8	前八氢番茄红素二磷酸酯 Prephytoene diphosphate	C₄₀H₆₈O₇P₂	C03427
9	羟基螺环菌素 Hydroxyspirilloxanthin	C₄₁H₅₈O₂	C15879
10	链孢霉黄素 Neurosporaxanthin	C₃₅H₄₆O₂	C08607
11	氯黄质 Chloroxanthin	C₄₀H₆₀O	C15892
12	黄质醛 Xanthoxin	C₁₅H₂₂O₃	C13453
13	脱落酸葡萄糖酯 Abscisic acid glucose ester	C₂₁H₃₀O₉	C15970
14	脱落酸 Abscisate	C₁₅H₂₀O₄	C06082
15	独角金醇 Strigol	C₁₉H₂₂O₆	C09190
16	8'-羟基脱落物 8'-Hydroxyabscisate	C₁₅H₂₀O₅	C15514
17	螺旋黄质 Spirilloxanthin	C₄₂H₆₀O₂	C15881
18	玉米黄质二葡萄糖苷 Zeaxanthin diglucoside	C₅₂H₇₆O₁₂	C15969
19	（2'S）-脱氧麦芽醇2'-（2，4-二-O-甲基-α-L-葡萄糖苷）（2'S）-Deoxymyxol 2'-（2，4-di-O-methyl-alpha-L-fucoside）	C₄₈H₇₀O₆	C15935
20	脱落醛 Abscisic aldehyde	C₁₅H₂₀O₃	C13455
21	叶黄素 Lutein	C₄₀H₅₆O₂	C08601
22	二氢相酸 Dihydrophaseic acid	C₁₅H₂₂O₅	C15971
23	视紫红醛 Rhodopinal	C₄₀H₅₆O₂	C16270

基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	酶编号 Corresponding enzyme	KO号 Enzyme KO
CrtZ	TRINITY_DN11602_c0_g1	［EC：1.14.15.24］	K15746
Z-ISO	TRINITY_DN19139_c0_g1	［EC：5.2.1.12］	K15744
PSY-1	TRINITY_DN3430_c0_g1	［EC：2.5.1.32］	K02291
PSY-2	TRINITY_DN3430_c0_g2	［EC：2.5.1.32］	K02291
CYP707A-1	TRINITY_DN5732_c0_g1	［EC：1.14.14.137］	K09843
CYP707A-2	TRINITY_DN10055_c0_g1	［EC：1.14.14.137］	K09843
LUT1	TRINITY_DN5391_c0_g1	［EC：1.14.14.158］	K09837
VDE	TRINITY_DN10121_c0_g1	［EC：1.23.5.1］	K09839
NCED	TRINITY_DN3795_c2_g1	［EC：1.13.11.51］	K09840
ZDS	TRINITY_DN25937_c0_g1	［EC：1.3.5.6］	K00514
ZEP	TRINITY_DN761_c0_g1	［EC：1.14.15.21］	K09838