Biocontrol Characteristics of Strain JB7 against Fusarium graminearum

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-1187

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective Bacillus methylotrophicus JB7 may inhibit Fusarium graminearum (Fg) growth and control Fusarium head blight in wheat; however, the mechanisms underlying its antifungal activity and disease management remain unclear. In this study, the antifungal and disease control mechanisms of B. methylotrophicus were explored, which may provide a theoretical basis for its further application. Method The effects of cell-free supernatants (CFS) from strain JB7 on the number of Fg spores, mycelium growth and antioxidant enzyme activity of Fg were studied through assessment of spore germination, antifungal activity and antioxidant enzyme activity. Transcriptomic sequencing was employed to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while amplicon sequencing was used to evaluate the effects of JB7 spraying on wheat ears mycotoxin content and microbial community structure. Result The CFS from strain JB7 showed a strong inhibitory effect on mycelial growth and germination of Fg. Additionally, the CFS led to an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in Fg mycelium, while causing a reduction in peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. Transcriptome analysis indicates that the CFS from strain JB7 affected the expression of genes related to oxidative stress and toxin production. The application of JB7 resulted in an alteration of microbial community structure in wheat ears, leading to a decrease in Fg density and mycotoxin content. Conclusion The CFS from strain JB7 shows antifungal effects on Fg by triggering oxidative stress and reducing mycotoxin levels, and strain JB7 may change the microbial community structure in wheat ears and reduce the density and mycotoxin content of Fg.

Key words: Fusarium head blight, Fusarium graminearum, Bacillus methylotrophicus, transcriptome, amplicon sequencing

ZHANG Yue, BI Yu, MU Xue-nan, ZHENG Zi-wei, WANG Zhi-gang, XU Wei-hui. Biocontrol Characteristics of Strain JB7 against Fusarium graminearum[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(7): 261-271.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 Inhibitory effect of strain JB7 on Fusarium graminearum (Fg)A: The effect of different concentrations of CFS from strain JB7 on spore germination. B: The inhibitory effect of volatile compounds from strain JB7 on Fg. C: Plate of the inhibitory effect of volatile compounds from strain JB7 on Fg. The different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05). **** indicates significant differences at P<0.000 1 . The same below

Fig. 2 Effects of CFS from strain JB7 on the antioxidant enzyme activities of Fg mycelia*, **, and *** indicate significant differences at P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.001, respectively. The same below

Fig. 3 Enrichment analysis of DEGs in FgA: GO enrichment analysis of DEGs; B: KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs

Fig. 4 Expression analysis of genes related to oxidative stress and mycotoxin in FgA: Clustering heatmap of genes related to reactive oxygen species. B: Clustering heatmap of genes related to mycotoxin. C: Biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol. D: Gene expression of genes related to oxidative stress and mycotoxin using RT-qPCR

Fig. 5 Colonization of Fg in wheat ears and its mycotoxin secretionA: Profile map of glumes wheat ears in JB7 treatment. B: Profile map of inside tissues in JB7 treatment. C: Profile map of glumes wheat ears in water treatment. D: Profile map of inside tissues in water treatment. E: Mycotoxin content in wheat ears. The arrows indicate the distribution of the Fg mycelium

Fig. 6 Effects of strain JB7 on microbial community structure in wheat earsA: Principal coordinate analysis of bacterial community based on Bray-Curtis distance. B: Principal coordinate analysis of fungal community based on Bray-Curtis distance. C: Relative abundance of bacterial genera in different treatments. D: Relative abundance of fungal genera in different treatments. E: Absolute abundance of Bacillus in wheat ears. F: Relative abundance of Fg in wheat ears

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