Abstract: In this article, we introduce the basic bioinformatics analysis methods and tools taking the hemoglobin as an example. The methods include: 1)protein and DNA sequence alignment；2)advanced search for UniProt and RefSeq database；3)Blast database similarity search；4)phylogenetic tree construction under MEGA；5)protein structure comparison using Swiss-PdbViewer.

Key words: bioinformatics, hemoglobin, sequence alignment, database query, Blast database similarity search, phylogenetic tree construction, protein structure comparison