Impacts of Morel Cultivation on the Microbial Community and Physiochemical Characteristics in a Substratum of Desert Sand

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-1110

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to utilize desert sand replacing soil as a substrate for morel cultivation,this study is aimed to dissect the impacts of morel cultivation on the microbial community and physiochemical characteristics of the desert sand substrate. Metabarcoding was adopted to track the composition and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in the desert sand with or without morel cultivation. Physiochemical characteristics such as total organic carbon,humic substances,and nitrogen content were measured. The harvested morel yield was（1 210±259）g/m² fresh weight,indicating that cultivating morel in desert sand is feasible. The microbial diversity in the desert sand substratum decreased temporarily during the cultivation of the morel,and increased again after the morels were harvested. The fungal communities were dominated by Ascomycota. As the morel proliferated in the desert sand,a large number of hyphae that formed a network entangling and fixing desert-sand particles were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The bacterial communities were dominated by Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Bacteroides. The relative abundance of Pseudomonas increased significantly during the growth period of morel mycelium. Cyanobacteria expanded significantly after the harvest,accompanied by a significant increase in the contents of total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen,that surpassed the initial levels before morel sowing. Morel cultivation increased the organic matter content in the desert sand substrate by 7 times. The contents of humic acid,fulvic acid,and humin in the substrate increased significantly after morel fruiting and harvest. The results demonstrate the application potential of cultivating morel in desert sand to harvest high-value agricultural products while improving the physiochemical properties of the desert sand.

Key words: morel, desert sand, microbial community, humic substance, nitrogen

TAN Hao, LIU Tian-hai, YAN Shi-jie, YU Yang, JIANG Lin, PENG Wei-hong. Impacts of Morel Cultivation on the Microbial Community and Physiochemical Characteristics in a Substratum of Desert Sand[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(11): 166-177.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 Shift of Shannon-Wiener diversity index in the bacterial（A）and fungal（B）communities in the desert-sand substratum during morel cultivation

Fig. 2 NMDS scattering plots of different grouping patterns of the microbial communities

Fig. 3 Taxonmic composition of the microbial communities A: Bacterial phylum;B: bacterial genus;C: fungal phylum;D: fungal genus

Fig. 4 Differences in the OTU composition among the microbial communities A: With or without morel cultivation;B: Different time-points

Fig. 5 LEfSe analysis:Biomarker taxa of the bacterial communities（A）and fungal communities（B）in the desert-sand substratum cultivated with morel or not

Fig.6 Shift of physiochemical chracteristics in the desert-sand substratum during morel cultivation

Fig. 7 Wrapping of mycelium network around the desert-sand particles at different stages after morel sowing

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