生物技术通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 144-150.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0888

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

低温秸秆降解复合微生物菌剂的研究进展

高星爱, 王鑫, 解娇, 王飞虎, 巩彧玄, 关法春, 李忠和   

  1. 吉林省农业科学院农村能源与生态研究所,长春 130033
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-23 出版日期:2020-04-26 发布日期:2020-04-30
  • 作者简介:高星爱,女,博士,副研究员,研究方向:环境微生物;E-mail:gao3598@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省创新工程项目(CXGC2017ZY022),吉林省科技厅重点项目(20190303062SF,20180201017SF)

Research Progress on Low Temperature Straw-degrading Compound Microbial Agent

GAO Xing-ai, WANG Xin, XIE Jiao, WANG Fei-hu, GONG Yu-xuan, GUAN Fa-chun, LI Zhong-he   

  1. Institute of Rural Energy and Ecology,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033
  • Received:2019-09-23 Published:2020-04-26 Online:2020-04-30

摘要: 我国东北地区冬季寒冷,秸秆产量巨大,但综合利用率较低,利用高酶活性微生物将低温环境中的秸秆降解变废为宝,是一项循环利用的有效途径。研究表明,通过生物学技术手段,筛选高酶活性菌株,深入研究降解机理,优化功能微生物培养条件,提高纤维素酶活性,是提高降解率,秸秆资源化利用的最佳途径。复合微生物菌剂产生的酶活值普遍高于单一微生物菌,真菌菌丝体产生的酶活值高于细菌。实际应用中,选择适合的复合菌剂是低温环境下提高秸秆降解效率的有效途径。系统地归纳了低温条件下降解秸秆的微生物技术、分析了不同条件下降解秸秆的菌株类型和促进秸秆纤维素降解菌酶活力特征、并总结了低温环境下生物菌剂降解秸秆的技术应用效果,旨为低温环境下秸秆的资源化利用提供一定的技术参考。

关键词: 低温, 秸秆降解, 复合微生物菌剂, 应用技术

Abstract: In northeast China,it is cold in winter and the straw yield is huge,but the comprehensive utilization rate is low. It is an effective way to recycle the straw by using microorganisms with high enzyme activity to degrade the straw in the low temperature environment. The results show that it is the best way to improve the rate of degradation and the utilization of straw resources via screening strains with high enzyme activity,further studying the degradation mechanism,optimizing the culture conditions of functional microorganisms and thus enhancing cellulase activity. The enzyme activity produced by the compound microbial agent is generally higher than that of single microorganism,and the enzyme activity produced by fungal mycelium is higher than that by bacteria. In practical application,choosing suitable compound bacterial agent is an effective way to improve the degradation efficiency of straw under low temperature environment. This paper systematically summarizes the microbial technology of straw degradation under low temperature condition,analyzes the strain types of degrading straw under different conditions understands the activity characteristics of bacteriological enzymes to promote straw cellulose degradation,sums up the application effects of biobacteriological agents on straw degradation under low temperature condition,aiming to provide some technical references for straw recycling in low temperature environment.

Key words: low temperature, straw degradation, compound microbial agent, application technology