木槿品种对镉胁迫的生理响应及耐镉能力评价

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0132

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究镉胁迫对木槿的生理影响,比较木槿品种的镉耐受能力,为镉污染地区的植物材料选择提供依据。以3个木槿品种为材料,采取盆栽控制试验,测定其生长、生理指标,通过隶属函数分析综合比较品种耐镉能力。木槿的株高与地径增长量、叶绿素A+B与可溶性蛋白含量随胁迫浓度增加呈先上升后降低或逐渐降低趋势,而且随时间延长,降低程度不断加强;游离脯氨酸、丙二醛含量、SOD活性随胁迫浓度与胁迫时间增加而逐渐上升,但长时间高浓度胁迫下,不同品种会出现不同程度的下降;隶属函数分析发现品种耐受能力因胁迫浓度有所差异。镉胁迫浓度对木槿生长有低促高抑作用,而且随时间延长出现促进减弱、抑制加强;3个品种中‘红星’的表现最佳,值得推广。

关键词: 木槿, 耐镉能力, 镉胁迫, 生理响应, 隶属函数, 品种

Abstract:

The objective is to study the physiological effects of cadmium stress on Hibiscus syriacus and compare the cadmium tolerance of H. syriacus varieties,so as to provide basis for the selection of plant materials in cadmium polluted areas. Three H. syriacus cultivars were used as materials,and pot experiment was conducted to determine their growth and physiological indexes. Membership function analysis was used to comprehensively compare the cadmium tolerance of varieties. The growth of height and ground diameter,the content of chlorophyll A+B and soluble protein of H. syriacus first increased and then decreased or gradually decreased with the increase of stress concentration,and the degree of decrease gradually increased with the extension of time. Free proline,malondialdehyde content and SOD activity increased gradually with the increase of stress concentration and time,but decreased in different degrees under long-term high concentration stress. The results of membership function analysis showed that the tolerance of varieties varied with the stress concentration. The growth of H. syriacus under Cd stress was promoted by low concentration and inhibited by high concentration,and with the extension of time,the promotion weakened and the inhibition strengthened. In addition,the performance of ‘Hong xing’ is the best,which is worth of promoting.

Key words: Hibiscus syriacus, cadmium tolerance, cadmium stress, physiological response, membership function, varieties

杨馥榕, 王晓红, 肖琪, 方娟, 李立华. 木槿品种对镉胁迫的生理响应及耐镉能力评价[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(1): 98-107.

YANG Fu-rong, WANG Xiao-hong, XIAO Qi, FANG Juan, LI Li-hua. Physiological Response of Hibiscus syriacus Varieties to Cadmium Stress and Evaluation of Cadmium Tolerance[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(1): 98-107.

图/表 7

参考文献 32

[1]	中华人民共和国环境保护部, 国土资源部. 全国土壤污染状况调查公报[R]. 北京:中华人民共和国国家环境保护部, 中华人民共和国国土资源部, 2014(5):10-11.
	Ministry of environmental protection, Ministry of land and resources of the people’s Republic of China. Bulletin of national soil pollution survey[R]. Beijing:Ministry of environmental protection, Ministry of land and resources of the people’s Republic of China, 2014(5):10-11.
[2]	Wu M, Luo Q, Liu S, et al. Screening ornamental plants to identify potential Cd hyperaccumulators for bioremediation[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2018, 162:35-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.049 URL
[3]	Chen H, Yang X, Wang P, et al. Dietary cadmium intake from rice and vegetables and potential health risk:a case study in Xiangtan, Southern China[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2018, 639:271-277. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.050 URL
[4]	Xie LH, Tang SQ, Wei XJ, et al. The cadmium and lead content of the grain produced by leading Chinese rice cultivars[J]. Food Chem, 2017, 217:217-224. doi: S0308-8146(16)31339-5 pmid: 27664629
[5]	Kumar P, Mandal B, Dwivedi P. Heavy metals scavenging of soils and sludges by ornamental plants[J]. J Appl Hortic, 2011, 13(2):144-146. doi: 10.37855/jah.2011.v13i02.32 URL
[6]	许艳萍, 杨明, 郭鸿彦, 等. 5个工业大麻品种对5种重金属污染土壤的修复潜力[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(12):1970-1978. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.04010
	Xu YP, Yang M, Guo HY, et al. Phytoremediation potential of five industrial hemp varieties on five heavy metal polluted soils[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2020, 46(12):1970-1978.
[7]	赵串串, 温怀峰. Cd胁迫下白桦光合及叶绿素含量的响应研究[J]. 陕西科技大学学报, 2020, 38(2):20-26.
	Zhao CC, Wen HF. Study on responses of photosynjournal and chlorophyll content of Betula platyphylla Suk. under Cd stress[J]. J Shaanxi Univ Sci Technol, 2020, 38(2):20-26.
[8]	杨塍希, 国伟强, 和文懿, 等. 火炬树幼苗对镉胁迫的生理响应及积累特性[J]. 福建农林大学学报:自然科学版, 2020, 49(3):334-340.
	Yang CX, Guo WQ, He WY, et al. Effects of Cd²⁺ on the physiological response and accumulation characteristics of Rhus typhina[J]. J Fujian Agric For Univ:Nat Sci Ed, 2020, 49(3):334-340.
[9]	Liu Y, Zhang C, Zhao Y, et al. Effects of growing seasons and genotypes on the accumulation of cadmium and mineral nutrients in rice grown in cadmium contaminated soil[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2017, 579:1282-1288. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.115 URL
[10]	徐瑢. 盐胁迫对木槿几种生理指标的影响[J]. 天津农业科学, 2015, 21(6):142-145.
	Xu R. Effects of salt stress on physiological of Hibiscus syriacus[J]. Tianjin Agric Sci, 2015, 21(6):142-145.
[11]	张锦弦, 施钦. 铝胁迫对木槿生理及光合光响应特性的影响[J]. 现代农业科技, 2018(19):166-168.
	Zhang JX, Shi Q. Effects of aluminum stress on physiological and photosynthetic response characteristics of Hibiscus syriacus[J]. Mod Agric Sci Technol, 2018(19):166-168.
[12]	王巍伟. 新引进木槿品种的抗旱性评价[D]. 北京:北京林业大学, 2009.
	Wang WW. The evaluation on drought resistance of the introduced cultivars of Hibiscus syriacus[D]. Beijing:Beijing Forestry University, 2009.
[13]	蔡卫佳, 阮倩倩, 谭军. 不同木槿品种抗寒性研究[J]. 园艺与种苗, 2019, 39(5):11-13, 53.
	CAI WJ, Ruan QQ, Tan J. Study on cold resistance of different Hibiscus syriacus varieties[J]. Hortic Seed, 2019, 39(5):11-13, 53.
[14]	王小雪. 海滨木槿不同家系对重金属Cd胁迫的响应[D]. 重庆:西南大学, 2012.
	Wang XX. Response to Cd stress of different families of Hibiscus hamabo sieb. et zucc[D]. Chongqing:Southwest University, 2012.
[15]	邓勇. 红麻耐镉生理响应相关机制的研究[D]. 长沙:湖南农业大学, 2016.
	Deng Y. The study of physiological response mechanism in kenaf under cadmium stress conditions[D]. Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University, 2016.s
[16]	李合生. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000.
	Li HS. Principles and techniques of plant physiological biochemical experiment[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2000.
[17]	陈建勋, 王晓峰. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 2版. 广州: 华南理工大学出版社, 2006:117-118.
	Chen JX, Wang XF. Experimental guidance of plant physiology[M]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology Press, 2006:117-118.
[18]	王佳星, 余国源, 谢瑛, 等. 土壤镉胁迫对紫金牛生理特性的影响[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2019, 47(5):25-29.
	Wang JX, Yu GY, Xie Y, et al. Effects of Cd stress on physiological characteristics of Ardisia japonica[J]. J Northeast For Univ, 2019, 47(5):25-29.
[19]	温瑀, 穆立蔷. 土壤铅、镉胁迫对4种绿化植物生长、生理及积累特性的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2013, 27(5):234-239.
	Wen Y, Mu LQ. Effects of soil pb, Cd stress on the growth, physiological and accumulating characteristics of four ornamental trees[J]. J Soil Water Conserv, 2013, 27(5):234-239.
[20]	宋子文, 刘焕臻, 马晓雨, 等. 镉胁迫对大青杨不同倍体的生长及生理生化的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2020, 40(5):728-734.
	Song ZW, Liu HZ, Ma XY, et al. Effects of cadmium stress on growth, physiology and biochemistry of different ploidy of Populus ussuriensis[J]. Bull Bot Res, 2020, 40(5):728-734.
[21]	铁得祥, 胡红玲, 喻秀艳, 等. 桢楠幼树光合特性对镉胁迫的响应[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(11):3738-3746.
	Tie DX, Hu HL, Yu XY, et al. Responses of photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Phoebe zhennan saplings to cadmium stress[J]. Acta Ecol Sin, 2020, 40(11):3738-3746.
[22]	周蛟, 韩盼盼, 潘远智, 等. Cd胁迫对两种龙葵光合生理及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2021, 40(1):26-34.
	Zhou J, Han PP, Pan YZ, et al. Effects of cadmium stress on photosynthetic physiology and chlorophyll fluorescence in Solanum nigrum and Solanum americanum[J]. J Agro Environ Sci, 2021, 40(1):26-34.
[23]	刘朝荣, 张柳青, 杨艳等. 珙桐幼苗生理生化指标对重金属铅、镉胁迫的响应[J]. 广西植物, 2021, 41(9):1401-1410.
	Liu CR, Zhang LQ, Yang Y, et al. Effects of lead and cadmium on physiology indexes of Davidia involucrate[J ]. Guihaia, 2021, 41(9):1401-1410.
[24]	孙赛初, 王焕校, 李启任. 水生维管束植物受镉污染后的生理变化及受害机制初探[J]. 植物生理学报, 1985, 11(2):113-121.
	Sun SC, Wang HX, Li QR. Preliminary studies on physiological changes and injury mechanism in aquatic vascular plants treated with cadmium[J]. J Plant Physiol, 1985, 11(2):113-121.
[25]	刘翰升, 赵春莉, 刘玥, 等. Cd胁迫对波斯菊种子萌发、幼苗耐性及富集的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2020, 49(5):126-133.
	Liu HS, Zhao CL, Liu Y, et al. Seed germination, seedling tolerance and enrichment effect of Cosmos bipinnata under cadmium stress[J]. J Henan Agric Sci, 2020, 49(5):126-133.
[26]	贾茵, 刘才磊, 兰晓悦, 等. 镉胁迫对小报春幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2020, 40(3):454-462.
	Jia Y, Liu CL, Lan XY, et al. Effect of cadmium stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of Primula forbesii seedlings[J]. Acta Bot Boreali Occidentalia Sin, 2020, 40(3):454-462.
[27]	李佩华, 刘小文. 重金属铅、镉胁迫对马铃薯生长及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J]. 云南农业大学学报:自然科学, 2014, 29(5):746-751.
	Li PH, Liu XW. Effects on the growth and the system of anti-oxidation enzymes of potatoes under Pb and Cd pollution stress[J]. J Yunnan Agric Univ:Nat Sci, 2014, 29(5):746-751.
[28]	李小红, 李辉信, 任俊鹏, 等. Cd胁迫对不同砧穗组合葡萄植株光合作用、膜脂过氧化和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2018, 47(3):100-104.
	Li XH, Li HX, Ren JP, et al. Effect of cadmium stress on photosynjournal, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activities of grapevine with different scion-rootstock combinations[J]. J Henan Agric Sci, 2018, 47(3):100-104.
[29]	李佳佳, 张乃明, 杨莉, 等. Cd胁迫危害三七生长的生理机制研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2019, 50(1):177-182.
	Li JJ, Zhang NM, Yang L, et al. Effects of cadmium stress on growth, physiology and biochemistry of Panax notoginseng[J]. Chin J Soil Sci, 2019, 50(1):177-182.
[30]	闫晶, 姬文秀, 石贤吉, 等. 镉胁迫对不同烟草品种生长发育的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2019, 24(5):30-38.
	Yan J, Ji WX, Shi XJ, et al. Effects of cadmium stress on the growth and development of different tobacco varieties[J]. J China Agric Univ, 2019, 24(5):30-38.
[31]	刘翰升, 赵春莉, 刘玥, 等. 镉胁迫对万寿菊属植物幼苗生理及富集的影响[J]. 福建农业学报, 2019, 34(10):1221-1227.
	Liu HS, Zhao CL, Liu Y, et al. Effects of cadmium stress on physiology and enrichment of Tagetes seedlings[J]. Fujian J Agric Sci, 2019, 34(10):1221-1227.
[32]	马月花, 郭晓瑞, 杨楠, 等. 黄芪幼苗对镉胁迫的生理响应机制[J]. 植物研究, 2019, 39(4):497-504.
	Ma YH, Guo XR, Yang N, et al. Physiological mechanisms in Astragalus membranaceus seedlings responding to cadmium stress[J]. Bull Bot Res, 2019, 39(4):497-504.

品种 Varieties	镉处理浓度 Cadmium treatment concentration/（mg·kg^-1）	株高增长量 Growth of plant height/cm	地径增长量 Growth of the earth’s path/cm
‘牡丹’ ‘f. paeoniflorus’	0	35.633±23.981a	0.226±0.212a
	50	18.267±3.19ab	0.316±0.087a
	100	20.667±12.254ab	0.236±0.109a
	200	7.667±1.704b	0.131±0.087a
	400	5.6±1.803b	0.101±0.052a
‘红星’ ‘Hong xing’	0	17.833±5.829ab	0.224±0.137a
	50	33.533±14.994a	0.221±0.114a
	100	21.567±13.428ab	0.203±0.063a
	200	22.8±3.951ab	0.161±0.077a
	400	6.667±3.63b	0.101±0.096a
‘白花重瓣’ ‘f. albus-plenus’	0	13.067±9.028a	0.26±0.158a
	50	22.4±14.245a	0.217±0.151a
	100	10.2±1.97a	0.12±0.048a
	200	8.033±6.463a	0.097±0.044a
	400	7.2±5.012a	0.094±0.019a

品种 Varieties	镉处理浓度 Cadmium treatment concentration/（mg·kg^-1）	株高增长量 Growth of plant height/cm	地径增长量 Growth of the earth’s path/cm
‘牡丹’ ‘f. paeoniflorus’	0	35.633±23.981a	0.226±0.212a
	50	18.267±3.19ab	0.316±0.087a
	100	20.667±12.254ab	0.236±0.109a
	200	7.667±1.704b	0.131±0.087a
	400	5.6±1.803b	0.101±0.052a
‘红星’ ‘Hong xing’	0	17.833±5.829ab	0.224±0.137a
	50	33.533±14.994a	0.221±0.114a
	100	21.567±13.428ab	0.203±0.063a
	200	22.8±3.951ab	0.161±0.077a
	400	6.667±3.63b	0.101±0.096a
‘白花重瓣’ ‘f. albus-plenus’	0	13.067±9.028a	0.26±0.158a
	50	22.4±14.245a	0.217±0.151a
	100	10.2±1.97a	0.12±0.048a
	200	8.033±6.463a	0.097±0.044a
	400	7.2±5.012a	0.094±0.019a

Cd处理浓度Cadmium concentration/（mg·kg^-1）	品种 Varieties	隶属函数值 Membership function value							平均值 Average value	排名 Ranking
		X1	X2	X3	X4	X5	X6	X7
50	‘牡丹’（‘f. paeoniflorus’）	0.368	0.417	0.392	0.539	0.556	0.367	0.481	0.446	3
	‘红星’（‘Hong xing’）	0.532	0.634	0.461	0.642	0.500	0.371	0.409	0.507	1
	‘白花重瓣’（‘f. albus-plenus’）	0.578	0.353	0.560	0.355	0.667	0.422	0.518	0.493	2
100	‘牡丹’（‘f. paeoniflorus’）	0.560	0.454	0.557	0.475	0.667	0.410	0.520	0.520	3
	‘红星’（‘Hong xing’）	0.460	0.559	0.646	0.646	0.567	0.639	0.529	0.578	1
	‘白花重瓣’（‘f. albus-plenus’）	0.421	0.403	0.637	0.477	0.630	0.599	0.515	0.526	2
200	‘牡丹’（‘f. paeoniflorus’）	0.480	0.479	0.420	0.381	0.500	0.600	0.426	0.469	2
	‘红星’（‘Hong xing’）	0.608	0.544	0.603	0.658	0.400	0.465	0.467	0.535	1
	‘白花重瓣’（‘f. albus-plenus’）	0.399	0.462	0.427	0.400	0.452	0.399	0.537	0.439	3
400	‘牡丹’（‘f. paeoniflorus’）	0.429	0.427	0.384	0.548	0.524	0.353	0.521	0.455	3
	‘红星’（‘Hong xing’）	0.463	0.560	0.337	0.394	0.422	0.495	0.602	0.468	2
	‘白花重瓣’（‘f. albus-plenus）’	0.480	0.526	0.558	0.502	0.377	0.592	0.500	0.505	1

Cd处理浓度Cadmium concentration/（mg·kg^-1）	品种 Varieties	隶属函数值 Membership function value							平均值 Average value	排名 Ranking
		X1	X2	X3	X4	X5	X6	X7
50	‘牡丹’（‘f. paeoniflorus’）	0.368	0.417	0.392	0.539	0.556	0.367	0.481	0.446	3
	‘红星’（‘Hong xing’）	0.532	0.634	0.461	0.642	0.500	0.371	0.409	0.507	1
	‘白花重瓣’（‘f. albus-plenus’）	0.578	0.353	0.560	0.355	0.667	0.422	0.518	0.493	2
100	‘牡丹’（‘f. paeoniflorus’）	0.560	0.454	0.557	0.475	0.667	0.410	0.520	0.520	3
	‘红星’（‘Hong xing’）	0.460	0.559	0.646	0.646	0.567	0.639	0.529	0.578	1
	‘白花重瓣’（‘f. albus-plenus’）	0.421	0.403	0.637	0.477	0.630	0.599	0.515	0.526	2
200	‘牡丹’（‘f. paeoniflorus’）	0.480	0.479	0.420	0.381	0.500	0.600	0.426	0.469	2
	‘红星’（‘Hong xing’）	0.608	0.544	0.603	0.658	0.400	0.465	0.467	0.535	1
	‘白花重瓣’（‘f. albus-plenus’）	0.399	0.462	0.427	0.400	0.452	0.399	0.537	0.439	3
400	‘牡丹’（‘f. paeoniflorus’）	0.429	0.427	0.384	0.548	0.524	0.353	0.521	0.455	3
	‘红星’（‘Hong xing’）	0.463	0.560	0.337	0.394	0.422	0.495	0.602	0.468	2
	‘白花重瓣’（‘f. albus-plenus）’	0.480	0.526	0.558	0.502	0.377	0.592	0.500	0.505	1