不同浓度褪黑素处理对高温胁迫下草莓苗生理特性的影响

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0635

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的分析不同浓度褪黑素处理对草莓幼苗高温胁迫状态下的生长发育以及生理指标的影响，为草莓耐高温栽培技术的开发提供理论依据。方法以‘红颜’草莓幼苗为材料，采用灌根以及叶面喷施不同浓度的褪黑素处理，研究外源褪黑素处理对高温胁迫下草莓幼苗的生长发育以及生理特性的影响。结果高温胁迫下草莓幼苗生长受限，与对照相比，适宜浓度的褪黑素处理后其生长抑制可以缓解；草莓幼苗的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度等光合作用参数显著上升；SOD、POD以及CAT等抗氧化酶的活性显著提高，脯氨酸含量显著提高；过氧化氢含量、超氧阴离子产生速率、相对电导率以及MDA含量显著下降，其中400 μmoL/L的处理效果最显著。结论高温胁迫下，400 μmoL/L的褪黑素处理可以通过提升草莓幼苗的光合作用效率，增强抗氧化酶活性，维持细胞膜的稳定性以及减少有害物质的累积，从而增强抵御高温逆境胁迫的能力。

关键词: 草莓苗, 高温胁迫, 褪黑素, 光合参数, 生理特性

Abstract:

Objective The impacts of different concentrations of melatonin treatments on the growth and physiological characteristics of strawberry seedlings under high-temperature stress were investigated to establish a theoretical foundation for the advancement of heat-resistant cultivation technology for strawberries. Method ‘Hongyan’ strawberry seedlings were subjected to different concentrations of melatonin via root irrigation and foliar spraying to examine the effects of exogenous melatonin treatments on the growth and physiological characteristics of strawberry seedlings under high-temperature stress. Result The growth of strawberry seedlings was constrained under high temperature stress. However, melatonin treatment alleviated the growth inhibition of strawberry seedlings under high-temperature stress compared to the control. Key parameters such as net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance of strawberry seedlings showed significant increases. Additionally, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT) and proline content were significantly elevated, while hydrogen peroxide content, superoxide anion radical production, relative conductivity and MDA content were notably reduced, with the most pronounced effects observed with a 400 μmoL/L^{treatment. Conclusion Under high-temperature stress, a 400 μmoL/L melatonin treatment improved the ability of strawberry seedlings to withstand heat-induced adversity by enhancing photosynthetic efficiency, boosting antioxidant enzyme activities, maintaining cell membrane stability, and reducing the accumulation of harmful substances.}

Key words: strawberry seedlings, high-temperature stress, melatonin, photosynthesis parameters, physiological characteristics

吴夏明, 杨敏, 周陈平, 邝瑞彬, 刘传和, 贺涵, 徐泽, 魏岳荣. 不同浓度褪黑素处理对高温胁迫下草莓苗生理特性的影响[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(3): 181-189.

WU Xia-ming, YANG Min, ZHOU Chen-ping, KUANG Rui-bin, LIU Chuan-he, HE Han, XU Ze, WEI Yue-rong. Effects of Different Concentrations of Melatonin on the Physiological Characteristics of Strawberry Seedlings under High-temperature Stress[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(3): 181-189.

图/表 6

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处理 Treatment	地上部分鲜重 Fresh weight of aboveground parts/g	地下部分鲜重 Fresh weight of underground parts/g	地上部分干重 Dry weight of aboveground parts/g	地下部分干重 Dry weight of underground parts/g
CK	3.85±0.19 c	4.32±0.15 b	0.38±0.02 bc	0.43±0.03 b
100 MT	4.05±0.22 bc	4.32±0.23 b	0.38±0.02 bc	0.44±0.02 b
200 MT	3.81±0.23 c	4.22±0.28 b	0.36±0.02 c	0.41±0.03 b
300 MT	4.29±0.17 b	4.56±0.19 ab	0.42±0.03 b	0.46±0.04 b
400 MT	4.98±0.38 a	4.87±0.14 a	0.50±0.03 a	0.52±0.03 a
500 MT	4.20±0.23 bc	4.35±0.11 b	0.38±0.03 bc	0.44±0.01 b

处理 Treatment	地上部分鲜重 Fresh weight of aboveground parts/g	地下部分鲜重 Fresh weight of underground parts/g	地上部分干重 Dry weight of aboveground parts/g	地下部分干重 Dry weight of underground parts/g
CK	3.85±0.19 c	4.32±0.15 b	0.38±0.02 bc	0.43±0.03 b
100 MT	4.05±0.22 bc	4.32±0.23 b	0.38±0.02 bc	0.44±0.02 b
200 MT	3.81±0.23 c	4.22±0.28 b	0.36±0.02 c	0.41±0.03 b
300 MT	4.29±0.17 b	4.56±0.19 ab	0.42±0.03 b	0.46±0.04 b
400 MT	4.98±0.38 a	4.87±0.14 a	0.50±0.03 a	0.52±0.03 a
500 MT	4.20±0.23 bc	4.35±0.11 b	0.38±0.03 bc	0.44±0.01 b

处理 Treatment	蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate/（mmol·m^-2·s^-1）				净光合速率 Net photosynthesis rate/（µmol·m^-²·s^-¹）				胞间CO₂浓度 Intercellular CO₂ concentration/（µmol·mol^-1）				气孔导度 Stomatal conductance/（mmol·m^-²·s^-¹）
处理 Treatment	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d
CK	1.64±0.27 a	0.45±0.15 b	0.11±0.02 b	0.05±0.01 c	12.54±2.31 a	3.16±0.81 d	0.13±0.01 c	-2.16±0.48 b	397.28±16.45 a	387.03±19.77a	365.85±4.42 a	355.85±6.34 a	56.41±4.75 a	15.20±2.66 c	5.63±0.93 c	1.07±0.47 c
100 MT	1.66±0.35 a	0.80±0.23 ab	0.15±0.03 ab	0.07±0.01 bc	13.74±3.11 a	5.32±1.04 c	0.20±0.03 b	-1.87±0.33 b	387.94±14.47 a	372.02±13.80 ab	339.89±15.43 ab	333.23±8.29 bc	54.91±5.83 a	23.81±6.66 bc	8.41±1.32 ab	1.91±0.37 b
200 MT	1.66±0.17 a	0.69±0.08 ab	0.16±0.03 a	0.07±0.01 bc	12.67±1.84 a	6.22±0.37 bc	0.22±0.02 ab	-1.82±0.40 b	396.26±22.65 a	368.55±21.79 ab	349.96±19.91 ab	339.96±7.64 b	58.97±5.24 a	25.27±2.98 ab	7.86±0.72 bc	2.19±0.37 ab
300 MT	1.63±0.44 a	0.93±0.30 a	0.16±0.03 a	0.06±0.01 bc	13.34±2.25 a	7.97±0.54 a	0.22±0.02 ab	-1.72±0.17 b	391.42±21.64 a	344.81±33.55 bc	339.93±24.13 ab	329.93±10.60 bc	55.26±3.93 a	29.37±6.18 a	8.61±1.06 ab	2.34±0.22 ab
400 MT	1.74±0.47 a	0.99±0.20 a	0.17±0.02 a	0.10±0.01 a	13.07±1.67 a	7.26±1.61 ab	0.26±0.01 a	-0.53±0.16 a	389.58±21.87 a	328.02±18.17 c	325.84±9.84 b	319.17±7.05 c	60.38±5.17 a	36.70±5.55 a	9.81±1.49 ab	2.81±0.59 a
500 MT	1.71±0.36 a	0.97±0.19 a	0.16±0.01 a	0.08±0.01 ab	12.94±2.02 a	6.81±0.99 abc	0.25±0.05 ab	-0.55±0.12 a	387.53±26.74 a	350.93±11.19 abc	336.22±5.52 b	324.88±11.34 bc	60.24±6.43 a	37.18±5.45 a	10.18±1.92 a	2.31±0.41 ab

处理 Treatment	蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate/（mmol·m^-2·s^-1）				净光合速率 Net photosynthesis rate/（µmol·m^-²·s^-¹）				胞间CO₂浓度 Intercellular CO₂ concentration/（µmol·mol^-1）				气孔导度 Stomatal conductance/（mmol·m^-²·s^-¹）
处理 Treatment	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d
CK	1.64±0.27 a	0.45±0.15 b	0.11±0.02 b	0.05±0.01 c	12.54±2.31 a	3.16±0.81 d	0.13±0.01 c	-2.16±0.48 b	397.28±16.45 a	387.03±19.77a	365.85±4.42 a	355.85±6.34 a	56.41±4.75 a	15.20±2.66 c	5.63±0.93 c	1.07±0.47 c
100 MT	1.66±0.35 a	0.80±0.23 ab	0.15±0.03 ab	0.07±0.01 bc	13.74±3.11 a	5.32±1.04 c	0.20±0.03 b	-1.87±0.33 b	387.94±14.47 a	372.02±13.80 ab	339.89±15.43 ab	333.23±8.29 bc	54.91±5.83 a	23.81±6.66 bc	8.41±1.32 ab	1.91±0.37 b
200 MT	1.66±0.17 a	0.69±0.08 ab	0.16±0.03 a	0.07±0.01 bc	12.67±1.84 a	6.22±0.37 bc	0.22±0.02 ab	-1.82±0.40 b	396.26±22.65 a	368.55±21.79 ab	349.96±19.91 ab	339.96±7.64 b	58.97±5.24 a	25.27±2.98 ab	7.86±0.72 bc	2.19±0.37 ab
300 MT	1.63±0.44 a	0.93±0.30 a	0.16±0.03 a	0.06±0.01 bc	13.34±2.25 a	7.97±0.54 a	0.22±0.02 ab	-1.72±0.17 b	391.42±21.64 a	344.81±33.55 bc	339.93±24.13 ab	329.93±10.60 bc	55.26±3.93 a	29.37±6.18 a	8.61±1.06 ab	2.34±0.22 ab
400 MT	1.74±0.47 a	0.99±0.20 a	0.17±0.02 a	0.10±0.01 a	13.07±1.67 a	7.26±1.61 ab	0.26±0.01 a	-0.53±0.16 a	389.58±21.87 a	328.02±18.17 c	325.84±9.84 b	319.17±7.05 c	60.38±5.17 a	36.70±5.55 a	9.81±1.49 ab	2.81±0.59 a
500 MT	1.71±0.36 a	0.97±0.19 a	0.16±0.01 a	0.08±0.01 ab	12.94±2.02 a	6.81±0.99 abc	0.25±0.05 ab	-0.55±0.12 a	387.53±26.74 a	350.93±11.19 abc	336.22±5.52 b	324.88±11.34 bc	60.24±6.43 a	37.18±5.45 a	10.18±1.92 a	2.31±0.41 ab

处理 Treatment	SOD活性SOD enzyme activity/（U·g^-1）				CAT活性CAT enzyme activity/（U·g^-1）				POD活性POD enzyme activity/（U·g^-1）
处理 Treatment	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d
CK	72.36±3.47 a	114.31±3.83 b	125.22±4.43 c	84.83±3.43 b	96.61±7.50 a	133.35±5.89 e	159.58±3.98 c	102.93±5.71 c	37.28±4.64 a	55.33±3.06 d	76.48±4.62 d	55.33±3.06 d
100 MT	78.54±4.88 a	115.21±11.88 b	132.31±4.56 bc	86.30±4.63 b	103.31±6.23 a	150.86±9.72 de	197.23±4.17 b	109.26±5.98 bc	38.53±5.24 a	79.33±4.16 c	95.87±7.64 c	54.67±5.67 cd
200 MT	81.64±7.64 a	130.01±7.78 a	138.60±5.06 ab	96.62±2.18 a	106.87±8.79 a	183.27±9.08 c	210.17±7.74 b	116.18±3.47 ab	41.69±3.16 a	80.67±7.02 c	104.58±3.21 c	57.38±3.06 c
300 MT	76.48±3.06 a	126.73±2.01 ab	133.15±5.93 bc	96.83±1.17 a	105.47±5.84 a	156.47±5.71 d	206.17±21.96 b	110.78±4.31 bc	43.63±5.14 a	90.66±7.57 b	129.34±8.08 b	61.65±3.51 bc
400 MT	80.54±5.71 a	136.47±10.71 a	146.60±4.58 a	102.58±8.22 a	110.64±13.58 a	239.07±26.25 a	265.39±13.85 a	119.82±5.77 a	47.28±7.38 a	107.64±3.51 a	146.42±8.74 a	69.43±4.16 a
500 MT	79.36±4.87 a	126.04±5.05 ab	140.92±6.20 ab	97.91±2.26 a	109.82±11.58 a	210.62±7.74 b	251.55±8.55 a	116.71±4.10 ab	43.85±5.54 a	93.32±5.03 b	135.46±5.86 ab	66.32±4.04 ab