基因编辑技术在牛种中的应用及研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-1083

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基因编辑（gene editing）是指通过基因编辑技术对生物体基因组特定目标进行修饰的过程，实现高效而精准的基因敲除、插入、替换等。现代基因编辑技术包括锌指核酸酶（ZFNs）技术、转录激活因子样效应物核酸酶（TALENs）技术、成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列及其关联蛋白9（CRISPR/Cas9）技术以及结合可编程核酸酶的自切除基因靶向（SEGCPN）技术。本文介绍了基因编辑牛突破性研究进展，包括著名的基因编辑无角奶牛Buri、Spotigy和美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）安全认证的PRLR-SLICK等，并总结了基因编辑牛在生产、医学以及环境中的应用。旨在总结当前基因编辑技术在家畜牛中的应用及研究进展，以期加快我国基因编辑技术的产业化进程，拓展基因编辑牛的应用范围。

关键词: 基因编辑牛, ZFNs, TALENs, CRISPR/Cas9, SEGCPN

Abstract:

Gene editing refers to the process of modifying specific targets in an organism’s genome through gene editing techniques, achieving efficient and precise gene knockout, insertion, replacement, and other processes. Modern gene editing techniques include zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator like effector nucleases (TALENs), clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), and self-cleaving gene targeting technology in combination with programmable nucleases (SEGCPN). This paper reviews the breakthrough research progress of gene-edited cattle, including the famous gene-edited hornless cattle Buri, Spotigy and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) safety certified PRLR-SLICK, and summarizes the application of gene-edited cow in production, medicine and environment. The aim is to summarize the current application and research progress of gene editing technology in domestic cattle, in order to accelerate the industrialization process of gene editing technology in China and expand the application range of gene editing cattle.

Key words: gene-edited cattle, ZFNs, TALENs, CRISPR/Cas9, SEGCPN

余永霞, 杜再慧, 朱龙佼, 许文涛. 基因编辑技术在牛种中的应用及研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(8): 34-41.

YU Yong-xia, DU Zai-hui, ZHU Long-jiao, XU Wen-tao. Application and Research Progress of Gene Editing Technology in Bovine[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(8): 34-41.

图/表 1

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