野生稻内生菌Enterobacter hormaechei QT2在盐碱地水稻增产中的应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0654

生物技术通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 106-113.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0654

野生稻内生菌Enterobacter hormaechei QT2在盐碱地水稻增产中的应用

李俊辰¹(), 赵湘媛², 汪福东¹, 王一凡¹, 张建峰¹^,³(), 汪树生¹()

^1.吉林农业大学生命科学学院秸秆综合利用与黑土保护重点实验室，长春 130118
^2.吉林农业大学食品科学与工程学院国家小麦和玉米深加工工程技术研究中心，长春 130118
^3.中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所黑土区农业生态重点实验室，长春 130102

收稿日期:2025-06-23 出版日期:2025-12-26 发布日期:2026-01-06
通讯作者: 汪树生，男，博士，副教授，研究方向：微生物资源开发与利用；E-mail: wangshusheng@jlau.edu.cn
张建峰，男，博士，教授，研究方向：微生物资源开发与利用；E-mail: zhangjianfeng06@tsinghua.org.cn
作者简介:李俊辰，男，硕士研究生，研究方向：微生物资源开发与利用；E-mail: 1738411550@qq.com
基金资助:
吉林省科技发展项目(20220202022NC)

Boosting Rice Yield in Saline-alkali Lands Using Enterobacter hormaechei QT2： A Wild Rice Endophytic Bacterium

LI Jun-chen¹(), ZHAO Xiang-yuan², WANG Fu-dong¹, WANG Yi-fan¹, ZHANG Jian-feng¹^,³(), WANG Shu-sheng¹()

^1.Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118
^2.National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Deep Processing of Wheat and Corn, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118
^3.Key Laboratory of Agro-ecology in Black Soil Region, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agro-ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102

Received:2025-06-23 Published:2025-12-26 Online:2026-01-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的筛选具有缓解盐碱胁迫潜力的野生稻源高效内生细菌，并评估所筛得菌株（Enterobacter hormaechei QT2）对盐碱胁迫下栽培稻生长、生理及产量的影响，为盐碱地水稻稳产增效及抗逆菌剂开发提供理论依据。方法从野生稻叶片分离内生菌E. hormaechei QT2，通过盆栽试验（中重度盐碱土）及田间验证（pH 9.3，电导率1 262 μS/cm），分析其促生特性及对栽培稻的增产效应。结果盐碱胁迫下，接种QT2显著（P<0.05）改善了栽培稻的生长表型：株高、根长、鲜重和干重较未接菌对照分别增加101.0%、46.1%、137.4%和447.0%。同时，栽培稻叶片中渗透调节物质显著积累，可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量分别提升135.7%、94.0%和205.2%，丙二醛（MDA）含量降低59.6%，膜稳定性（MSI）提高42.3%；栽培稻叶片抗氧化系统活性显著增强，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性及谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量分别提高57.5%、73.3%和39.4%；栽培稻叶片光合作用增强，叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量分别提高了30.69%、78.57%、75.62%。此外，菌株QT2还表现出多种植物促生长特性（固氮、溶磷、解钾、产IAA、产ACC脱氨酶及产氨）。田间试验证实，接种QT2可使盐碱地栽培稻产量提高 29.5%，菌剂QT2投入产出比达1∶46。结论内生细菌E. hormaechei QT2通过协同调控渗透平衡、增强抗氧化防御、提升光合效率等机制，有效缓解盐碱胁迫对栽培稻的抑制作用，显著促进其生长并提高产量。

关键词: 野生稻, 内生细菌, 贺氏肠杆菌, 栽培稻, 盐碱胁迫

Abstract:

Objective Screening wild rice-derived endophytic bacteria with high potential for mitigating salinity-alkalinity stress, and evaluating the effects of Enterobacter hormaechei QT2 on the growth, physiology, and yield of cultivated rice under such stress conditions. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for stabilizing rice yields and enhancing efficiency in saline-alkali lands, as well as for developing stress-resistant microbial agents. Method The endophytic bacterium E.hormaechei QT2 was isolated from the leaves of wild rice, and its growth-promoting characteristics and yield-enhancing effects were tested in a pot experiment (middle-heavy saline-alkaline soil) and a field validation (pH 9.3, conductivity 1 262 μS/cm). Result Under saline-alkali stress, inoculation of QT2 significantly improved the growth phenotype of cultivated rice (P<0.05), demonstrated the increase of plant height, root length, fresh weight and dry weight increased by 101.0%, 46.1%, 137.4% and 447.0%, respectively. Meanwhile, the osmotically regulated substances were significantly accumulated in the leaves of cultivated rice, and the contents of soluble sugars, soluble proteins and proline increased by 135.7%, 94.0% and 205.2%, respectively. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) reduced by 59.6%, and the membrane stability index (MSI) increased by 42.3%. The activity of antioxidant system in the leaves of the cultivated rice was significantly enhanced, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and the content of glutathione (GSH) increased by 57.5%, 73.3% and 39.4% respectively. The photosynthesis of cultivated rice leaves was enhanced, and the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids increased by 30.69%, 78.57% and 75.62%, respectively. In addition,strain QT2 also showed a variety of plant growth-promoting properties (nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, potassium solubilization, IAA production, ACC deaminase production and ammonia production). Field experiments further confirmed that inoculation with QT2 increased the yield of saline cultivated rice by 29.5%, and the input-output ratio of strain QT2 reached 1:46. Conclusion The endophytic bacterium E.hormaechei QT2 effectively alleviates the inhibitory effects of saline-alkali stress on cultivated rice by synergistically regulating osmotic balance, enhancing antioxidant defense, and improving photosynthetic efficiency, thereby significantly promoting growth and increasing yield.

Key words: wild rice, endophytic bacteria, Enterobacter hormaechei, cultivated rice, saline-alkali stress

李俊辰, 赵湘媛, 汪福东, 王一凡, 张建峰, 汪树生. 野生稻内生菌Enterobacter hormaechei QT2在盐碱地水稻增产中的应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(12): 106-113.

LI Jun-chen, ZHAO Xiang-yuan, WANG Fu-dong, WANG Yi-fan, ZHANG Jian-feng, WANG Shu-sheng. Boosting Rice Yield in Saline-alkali Lands Using Enterobacter hormaechei QT2： A Wild Rice Endophytic Bacterium[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(12): 106-113.

图/表 6

图1 基于菌株QT2的16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析

Fig. 1 Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences based on strain QT2

表1 盐碱和正常条件下栽培稻植株表型指标的变化

Table 1 Variation in phenotypic indices of cultivated rice plants under saline-alkali and normal conditions

处理Treatment

株高

Plant height （cm）

根长

Root length（cm）

鲜重

Fresh weight （g）

干重

Dry weight （g）

图2 不同处理下栽培稻渗透性相关指标的变化不同字母代表不同处理之间差异显著（P<0.05）；实验均设有3个重复，下同

Fig. 2 Variation in osmotic-related indices of cultivated rice under different treatmentsDifferent letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05). The experiments were set up with three replicates, the same below

图3 不同处理下栽培稻抗氧化相关指标的变化

Fig. 3 Variation in antioxidant-related indices of cultivated rice under different treatments

图4 不同处理下栽培稻光合相关指标的变化

Fig. 4 Variation in photosynthesis-related indices of cultivated rice under different treatments

图5 QT2 对栽培稻田间生长的影响A：田间表型；B：每株植物的表型；C：田间产量

Fig. 5 Effects of QT2 on the field growth of cultivated riceA: Field phenotype. B: Per-plant phenotype. C: Field yield

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野生稻内生菌Enterobacter hormaechei QT2在盐碱地水稻增产中的应用

Boosting Rice Yield in Saline-alkali Lands Using Enterobacter hormaechei QT2： A Wild Rice Endophytic Bacterium

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