人工miRNA技术及其在植物抗病育种中的应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017.02.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 内源miRNAs被认为是真核生物调控基因表达的重要调节因子,人工miRNA（amiRNA）是一种基于天然miRNA的结构用以沉默内源基因的有效策略。利用人工miRNA替换植物内源miRNA前体中miRNA/miRNA*序列,使产生的人工miRNA与靶基因配对,并特异性地抑制靶基因的表达。从天然miRNA的合成过程和作用机制,人工miRNA的设计基本原理及构建方法,人工miRNA技术在植物抗病育种上的应用等方面进行综述。

关键词: miRNA, 人工miRNA, 转基因, 抗病育种

Abstract: Endogenous microRNAs（miRNAs）are recognized as important regulators of gene expression in eukaryotes. Artificial microRNA（amiRNA）is an effective strategy of silencing endogenous gene based on natural miRNAs. Using amiRNA to replace the miRNA/miRNA* sequence in plant’s endogenous miRNA precursor,the generated amiRNA match the target gene,specifically suppressing the expression of target gene. Here,we summarize the synthetic process and action mechanism of natural miRNA,the basic design principles and construction methods of amiRNA,and the application of artificial miRNA technique in breeding disease-resistant plant.

Key words: miRNA, artificial miRNA, transgenic, disease-resistant breeding

林艺华, 郑涛, 高三基, 陈振东. 人工miRNA技术及其在植物抗病育种中的应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2017, 33(2): 47-52.

LIN Yi-hua, ZHENG Tao, GAO San-ji, CHEN Zhen-dong. Technology of Artificial microRNA and Its Application in Breeding Disease-resistant Plants[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2017, 33(2): 47-52.

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