植物Pep短肽的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0025

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物利用包括激素和短肽在内的各种内源信号分子,调节自身生长发育和对各种环境胁迫的抗性反应。Pep是植物细胞产生的一类由二十多个氨基酸构成的短肽分子,在被子植物中普遍存在。Pep能够被植物细胞膜上的受体蛋白PEPR识别,进而发挥多种生物学功能。目前的研究表明,Pep既在植物抵抗原菌侵染、昆虫噬咬等生物胁迫以及高盐等非生物胁迫中发挥重要作用,也调控着根生长、叶片衰老等植物生长发育过程。综述了近年来关于Pep的产生、受体识别、信号转导及其生物学功能等方面的研究进展,并对该领域尚待解决的一些科学问题和可能的实际应用方向进行了讨论和展望,以期为相关研究者提供参考。

关键词: Pep, PEPR, 短肽, 信号转导

Abstract:

Plants harness many endogenous signal molecules,including hormones and polypeptides,to orchestrate developmental processes and responses to various environmental stresses. Peps are a class of 20-30 amino acid-long polypeptides that are widely distributed among angiosperms plant species. Peps can be perceived by plasma membrane-associated PEPR receptors and play important roles in multiple aspects of plant growth and defense. It has been reported that Peps are critical for plant defense against biological stresses such as pathogen infection and insect biting,as well as for plant tolerance to abiotic stresses such as high salinity. Moreover,Peps have also been shown to regulate the plant growth and development such as root elongation and leaf senescence. Here,we review recent advances in the generation of Peps,perception of receptor,signal transduction and other biological functions. We also discuss and prospect important unsolved scientific issues in Pep signaling and its potential applications in practice,aiming to provide reference for researchers in this field.

Key words: Pep, PEPR, small peptide, signaling transduction

聂甲玥, 杨文文, 樊红霞, 王幼平, 吴德伟. 植物Pep短肽的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(9): 219-225.

NIE Jia-yue, YANG Wen-wen, FAN Hong-xia, WANG You-ping, WU De-wei. Recent Advances in Plant Pep Peptide[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(9): 219-225.

图/表 3

图1 拟南芥中Pep前体蛋白PRPPEP1-PROPEP8氨基酸序列的保守性分析黑色下划线标记的是PROPEP加工后形成的成熟Pep序列的位置;红色下划线标记的是SSG-x2-G-x2-N基序的位置

Fig.1 Amino acid sequence conservation analysis of Pep precursor proteins PROPEP1-PROPEP8 from Arabidopsis thaliana The black underlines mark the position of mature Pep sequence after processing,the red underline marks the position of the SSG-x2-G-x2-N motif

图2 拟南芥中Pep1-Pep8氨基酸序列的保守性分析

Fig.2 Amino acid sequence conservation analysis of Pep1-Pep8 from Arabidopsis thaliana

图3 Pep-PEPR信号转导及其调控生长发育、免疫防御机制前体蛋白PROPEP在适当Ca2+浓度下被CM4切割,进而释放成熟短肽Pep,此过程受到Pep信号途径的正反馈调节。成熟短肽Pep被其受体PEPR感知并特异性识别,使PEPR与共受体BAK1形成异源二聚体并将信号传递至下游胞质受体激酶BIK1,进而通过调节JA、ET、Auxin、ROS等信号途径影响植物的生长发育和抗性反应

Fig.3 Pep-PEPR signal transduction and the mechanisms underlying their regulation of plant growth,development and defense The precursor protein PROPEPs are cleaved by CM4 at appropriate Ca2 + concentration to release mature Peps,and this process is regulated by a positive feedback of Pep signaling pathway. The mature Peps are perceived by the receptor PEPRs,which enables PEPRs to form heterodimer with their co-receptor BAK1 and transduce the signal to cytoplasmic receptor kinase BIK1,thereby activating various downstream signal pathways,such as JA,ET,Auxin and ROS,to regulate plant growth and development,as well as plant defense responses

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