盐碱土壤微生物多样性与生物改良研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-1344

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

盐碱土壤是全球生态系统的重要组成部分,其环境健康与可利用性涉及生态安全和人类生存。土壤微生物在土壤形成、能量转移、养分动员与循环、植被重建和生态系统长期稳定中发挥着重要作用,地理环境、土壤组分和理化性质及立地植物等均强烈地影响着土壤微生物的多样性与分布,反过来微生物可被用于盐碱土壤的改良,其中输入有机质对改良效果具有决定性价值,而具有特殊适应性的被长期“驯化”的“本土”微生物成为盐碱土改良的首选。从盐碱土壤微生物多样性与功能、影响其多样性的主要因素及微生物应用于土壤改造等方面的研究进展进行了分析,总结出土壤特性造就微生物类群-微生物改变土壤微环境-微生物与土壤共同演化的生态循环模式,以期为盐碱土壤微生物的生态功能与应用提供参考。

关键词: 盐碱土壤, 微生物多样性, 影响因素, 盐碱土壤改良

Abstract:

Saline-alkali soil is an important part of the global ecosystem,and its health and availability are interrelated to the safety of ecology and survival of our human. Soil microorganisms play an important role in soil formation,energy transfer,nutrient mobilization and recycling,vegetation reconstruction and long-term ecosystem stability. Their diversity and distribution are strongly influenced by the geographical environment,composition,physical and chemical properties of soils and plants living on. The microorganisms also could be used as biological additive to improve the saline-alkali soils,conversely. And the input of organic matter is one of decisive value to it. The indigenous microbes with special adaptability that have been domesticated for a long time become the first choice for this work. For the purpose to provide useful information on their ecological functions and application potentials,we analyzed the advances on diversity and function of microbes in saline-alkali soils,the major diversity-affecting factors as well as their application in soil transformation,and then summarized an ecological cycle mode of soil characteristics determine the microbial communities - the microorganisms change soil microenvironment - microbes and soil are in co-evolution.

Key words: saline-alkali soil, microbial diversity, regulatory factors, saline-alkali soil improvement

迪力热巴·阿不都肉苏力, 穆耶赛尔·奥斯曼, 祖力胡玛尔·肉孜, 马勤, 雷瑞峰, 安登第. 盐碱土壤微生物多样性与生物改良研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(10): 225-233.

DILIREBA·Abudourousuli , MUYESAIER·Aosiman , ZULIHUMAER·Rouzi , MA Qin, LEI Rui-feng, AN Deng-di. Advances on Microbial Diversity and Biological Improvement of Saline-alkali Soil[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(10): 225-233.

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