环境DNA宏条形码在生物多样性研究与监测中的应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0176

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

环境DNA宏条形码（eDNA metabarcoding）技术通过提取水体、土壤、空气中的环境DNA,使用引物PCR扩增与高通量测序,进行物种鉴定与生物多样性评估。作为一种新的监测技术,相比于传统监测技术更加快捷、准确以及对自然环境的破坏小,因此在一定程度上改变了我们调查地球生物多样性的方式。本文综述了环境DNA宏条形码技术的发展历程与操作流程;归纳了在水体、土壤、空气环境中的应用现状,并总结了其独特的间接生物多样性监测方法,同时讨论了优势及存在的问题,以期能为后续生物多样性研究与监测研究提供新的思路和启发。

关键词: 环境DNA宏条形码, 生物多样性, 生物监测

Abstract:

Environmental DNA metabarcoding（eDNA）is used to identify species and assess biodiversity by extracting environmental DNA from water,soil and air and using primers for PCR amplification and high-throughput sequencing. As a new monitoring technology,it is faster,more accurate and less destructive to the natural environment while compared with traditional monitoring technology. Therefore,it has changed the way we investigate the biodiversity of the earth to some extent. In this paper,the development and operation process of environmental DNA metabarcoding technology are reviewed. The application status in water,soil and air environment is summarized,and the unique indirect biodiversity monitoring methods are summarized. Concurrently,the advantages and existing problems are discussed in order to provide new ideas and inspirations for the follow-up research and monitoring of biodiversity.

Key words: eDNA metabarcoding, biodiversity, biomonitoring

康子清, 张银龙, 吴永波, 谢冬, 薛建辉, 华建峰. 环境DNA宏条形码在生物多样性研究与监测中的应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(1): 299-310.

KANG Zi-qing, ZHANG Yin-long, WU Yong-bo, XIE Dong, XUE Jian-hui, HUA Jian-feng. Application of Environmental DNA Metabarcoding in Biodiversity Research and Monitoring[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(1): 299-310.

图/表 1

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