核糖核酸5'端NAD+帽子修饰研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0975

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

m7G帽子具有保护RNA不被降解以及招募相关蛋白参与内含子剪切、poly（A）加尾、出核和翻译等功能。一直以来,它被认为是真核生物mRNA所特有的修饰类型。然而近年来,在包括原核生物在内的多个物种中均检测到一种新的RNA 5'端修饰,即核酸代谢物烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD⁺）帽子。目前NAD⁺修饰RNA（NAD-RNA）的生物学功能研究仍处于起始阶段。本文概述了NAD-RNA的发现及其检测和鉴定技术的发展;探讨了NAD⁺帽子对RNA的调控功能,以及NAD-RNA脱帽和加帽的影响因素;并进一步推测NAD-RNA在生物的生长、发育和环境响应中发挥的潜在功能。最后,展望了未来NAD-RNA的研究方向和主题。

关键词: RNA帽子, NAD⁺, NAD-RNA, 转录后调控, 生物学功能

Abstract:

The m7G cap,which has long been considered as a hallmark of eukaryotic mRNAs,protects RNAs from degradation and recruits the machinery for splicing,polyadenylation,nuclear export,and translation. The nucleotide-containing metabolite,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide（NAD⁺）,has recently been detected at the 5' end of RNAs in several species including prokaryotes as a new cap. Now research on the biological functions of NAD⁺-capped RNAs（NAD-RNAs）is still at the initial stage. This review summarizes the discovery of NAD-RNAs as well as the development of its detection and identification technology,discusses the regulatory functions of the NAD⁺ cap on RNA as well as the factors affecting RNA NAD⁺ capping and decapping,and speculates on the potential functions of NAD-RNAs in growth,development and environmental responses. Finally,we propose future research directions and topics in order to garner attention on the outstanding questions regarding the molecular and biological functions NAD-RNAs.

Key words: RNA cap, NAD⁺, NAD-RNA, post-transcriptional regulation, biological function

董海娇, 杨晓玉, 莫蓓莘, 陈雪梅, 崔洁. 核糖核酸5'端NAD⁺帽子修饰研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(2): 245-251.

DONG Hai-jiao, YANG Xiao-yu, MO Bei-xin, CHEN Xue-mei, CUI Jie. Research Progress in NAD⁺ Cap Modification at the 5' End of RNA[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(2): 245-251.

图/表 1

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