Effect of Immune Inducer ZNC on the Prevention and Control of Wheat Scab and the Yield of Wheat

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0192

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】To seek an effective and safe medicament to control wheat scab, and to reduce the incidence rate of wheat scab and the effect of medicament itself on wheat yield and quality.【Method】We selected three types of fungicides（carbendazim）and plant immune inducers（ZNC, aminooligosaccharides）to investigate the inhibitory effects of different agents on the pathogen of wheat scab, Fusarium graminearum, using the plate inhibition method. Then we verified the effectiveness of different pesticides through pot experiments. Also we explored the effects of different pesticides on wheat growth through pot experiments, as well as the field control effects of different pesticides on wheat scab under artificial inoculation with F. graminearum.【Result】Carbendazim has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of F. graminearum, and its field control effect is also significantly higher than that of ZNC and aminooligosaccharides, with a control effect of 77.90%. ZNC and aminooligosaccharides did not have a significant inhibitory effect on F. graminearum in the plate inhibition test but showed antibacterial effects in both potted and field control experiments, and significantly reduced the field disease index, which was 47.59% and 49.93% lower than CK, respectively. Carbendazim inhibited the growth and yield of wheat. Compared with CK, the plant height, stem diameter, root length, number of roots, fresh weight, and dry weight of wheat decreased by 8.69%, 2.90%, 21.28%, 12.50%, 12.83%, and 15.15%, respectively, and the yield of wheat decreased by 13.70%. ZNC promotes the growth of wheat and increases wheat yield. Compared to CK, wheat yield increases by 7.96%, wheat grain protein content increases by 14.45%, and wheat grain vomiting toxin（DON）content decreases by 6.00%.【Conclusion】ZNC may promote wheat growth, increase wheat yield, and improve wheat grain quality while preventing and controlling diseases. Plant immune inducer ZNC provides a new option for preventing and controlling wheat scab.

Key words: immunomodulatory agents, ZNC, wheat scab, disease index, production, vomitoxin content

ZHANG Xiao-ying, MAO Mi, WANG Hong-feng, DING Xin-hua, ZHU Shu-wei, SHI Lei. Effect of Immune Inducer ZNC on the Prevention and Control of Wheat Scab and the Yield of Wheat[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(8): 95-105.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Plate inhibition effects of different fungicides on Fusarium graminearum Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at the level of 0.05, The same below

Fig. 2 Effects of different fungicides on the diameters of wheat leaf lesions

Table 1 Effects of different indoor pesticides on the control of wheat scab

处理Treatment	施用方式Application ways	防治效果Control efficacy
CK	叶面喷施 Foliar spraying	/
Z		58.63±1.41c
D		90.29±0.62a
A		41.16±2.26d
D+Z		91.48±0.48a
A+Z		67.57±0.89b

Fig. 3 Phenotypic map of wheat treated with different pesticides on the day 21

Fig. 4 Effects of different pesticides on wheat growth A: Wheat plant height. B: Wheat stem thickness. C: Wheat root length. D: Number of wheat root hairs. E: Fresh weight of wheat. F: Wheat dry weight

Fig. 5 Effects of different pesticides on the antioxidant enzyme activity in wheat A: Content of superoxide dismutase in wheat. B: Content of peroxidase in wheat. C: Content of catalase in wheat

Fig. 6 Field inoculation and incidence of wheat scab A-B: Keeping moisture by bag in experimental plot; C: incidences of wheat ear disease treated with different pesticides

Fig. 7 Effects of different fungicides on the disease index and relative control effects of wheat scab A: Effect of different fungicides on the disease index of wheat scab. B: Effect of different fungicides on the relative control of wheat scab

Fig. 8 Effects of different fungicides on wheat yield and its constituent factors A: Wheat yield. B: Number of wheat ears. C: Number of grains per spike of wheat. D: 1 000 grain weight of wheat

Fig. 9 Effect of different fungicides on wheat grain quality and DON content in grains A: Dry matter content in wheat grains. B: Starch content in wheat grains. C: Protein content in wheat grains. D: Content of vomitoxin in wheat grains

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