Research Progress in Microbial Community Succession and Its Regulation of Fermentation Quality in Ensiled Total Mixed Rations

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0907

Abstract

Abstract:

Ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) is a pivotal technology designed to enhance the nutritional value and preservation of livestock feed by leveraging controlled lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation of precisely formulated rations, based on the nutritional needs of livestock during their growth process and the nutritional value of raw materials. The ultimate fermentation quality and aerobic stability of ensiled TMR are inextricably linked to the composition of its resident microbial communities. During the ensiling process, microbial metabolism profoundly impacts the fate of key nutrients, including proteins and structural carbohydrates. Beneficial microorganisms, predominantly LAB, convert carbohydrates into organic acids, a process fundamental to augmenting the nutritive value and, critically, the aerobic stability of the final product. Conversely, the proliferation of detrimental microorganisms, particularly yeasts and molds, poses significant risks of aerobic spoilage and mycotoxin contamination upon feed-out. This review synthesizes current research on the microbial community succession during both the anaerobic fermentation and aerobic exposure phases of ensiled TMR. Then the review critically discusses the mechanisms through which microbial succession influences nutrient transformation, utilization, and digestibility, as well as overall feed safety. The insights provided herein aim to establish a theoretical framework for the development of novel, targeted inoculants and the optimization of ensiled TMR processing and control strategies.

Key words: ensiled total mixed ration, microbial diversity, nutritional quality, aerobic stability

TANG Xin-rui, XU Zhuo-hang-xu, GUO Lin-na, GUAN Er-qi, JIANG Di. Research Progress in Microbial Community Succession and Its Regulation of Fermentation Quality in Ensiled Total Mixed Rations[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(7): 22-33.

Figures/Tables 2

References 89

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